CBT-1 (tetrandrine) / CBA Pharma - LARVOL DELTA

Post-marketing safety assessment of tetrandrine based on the WHO-VigiAccess database. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "This study comprehensively characterized the AE profile of tetrandrine and identified novel adverse effects. These findings underscore the importance of ongoing drug safety monitoring and patient management, and highlight the need for clinicians to use this medication more appropriately, tailoring treatment regimens based on the identified adverse effect profiles."

Journal • P4 data • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Dermatology • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Insomnia • Pain • Pruritus • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Sleep Disorder

Improving the Hydrophilicity of the Drugs Paclitaxel, Violacein, and Tetrandrine Using Carbon-Based Quantum Dots. (PubMed, Nanomaterials (Basel)) - "Paclitaxel's partition coefficient value decreased from 3.96 to 0.2, Violacein's from 3.34 to 1.17, and Tetrandrine's from 2.5 to 1.57, thus demonstrating a significant reduction in their hydrophobicity without being encapsulated. The efficiency of each type of carbon-based quantum dot in lowering each drug's Log P varied and this behavior was correlated with the nature of the surface interaction between each drug and each of the carbon-based quantum dots."

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Effects of tetrandrine on the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) myogenic cell lines. (PubMed, Cytotechnology) - "To examine whether proteolytic or oxidative stress-related processes contributed to this phenotype, cells were co-treated with MG-132, chloroquine, or N-acetylcysteine. These findings suggest that altered depolarization-linked Ca²⁺ handling may contribute to tetrandrine-associated inhibition of myogenic differentiation in this teleost cell system. The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-026-01061-0."

Journal • Preclinical • Myogenin • PAX7

Immunometabolic pathways in liver fibrosis: current evidence for selected plant-derived metabolites associated with traditional Chinese medicine. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "This review critically examines selected plant-derived metabolites associated with herbs used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), including salvianolic acid B, curcumin, berberine, resveratrol, puerarin, glycyrrhizin, tetrandrine, oroxylin A, and schisandrin B, for their potential roles in modulating immunometabolic pathways relevant to fibrogenesis...Current evidence is constrained by model heterogeneity, reliance on associative pathway analyses, and the scarcity of histologically confirmed clinical outcomes. These findings suggest that selected phytochemicals associated with TCM herbs may modulate immunometabolic processes involved in liver fibrosis, but their therapeutic potential remains incompletely defined and requires confirmation in standardized, mechanistically informed clinical studies."

Journal • Review • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • HIF1A • TGFB1

Comparing Health System Costs for Recipients of Minimally Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (iCBT) and Therapist-Guided CBT in Routine Care: A Cohort Study Using Ontario's Linked Health-Administrative Data: Comparaison des coûts pour le système de santé entre les personnes suivant une thérapie cognitivo-comportementale par Internet (TCCI) avec des orientat (PubMed, Can J Psychiatry) - "The average MH-specific costs per person were $1,668 for iCBT (95% CI $0, $7,299) and $979 ($0, $4,821) for standard CBT 1-year post-treatment and $4,086 ($0, $17,049) and $2,023 ($0, $9,027), respectively, 2 years post-treatment. However, following regression adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, baseline symptoms, and pre-treatment MH-related service use, there were no statistically significant differences in one-year and two-year post-treatment total or MH-related costs between the groups (P > .05). This finding remained robust among individuals meeting criteria for anxiety and depression treatment effectiveness.ConclusionsiCBT may represent a scalable approach to expanding access to MH care without significantly increasing long-term health system costs."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

N,N'‑Disubstituted Tetrandrine Derivatives: Enhanced Antibacterial Activity via Double Quaternization. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "In contrast to natural tetrandrine, quaternized derivatives exhibited markedly enhanced antibacterial potency, particularly against S. aureus, highlighting DAcT (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 0.04 μg/mL), DQT (MIC = 0.11 μg/mL), and DNT (MIC = 0.14 μg/mL), with activities comparing favorably to those of reference antibiotics such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. In addition, molecular modeling and docking studies against relevant bacterial targets provided mechanistic insight and showed good agreement with the experimental antibacterial results. Overall, the combined in vitro and in silico findings identify N,N'-disubstituted tetrandrine derivatives as promising scaffolds for the development of new antibacterial agents."

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Tetrandrine Alleviates Allergic Rhinitis via REV-ERBα-Dependent Acetylcholine. (PubMed, Planta Med) - "This confirmed the essential role of REV-ERBα-dependent suppression of choline acetyltransferase-mediated acetylcholine synthesis in tetrandrine's therapeutic effect on allergic rhinitis. These findings establish tetrandrine as a novel agent targeting the circadian clock pathway and the circadian-allergy crosstalk, providing a new therapeutic strategy for allergic rhinitis."

Journal • Allergic Rhinitis • Allergy • Immune Modulation • Immunology • Inflammation • Otorhinolaryngology • CHAT • NR1D1

Tetrandrine nanocrystals for rheumatoid arthritis: enhanced therapeutic efficacy associated with reduced JAK1 and STAT3 expression. (PubMed, J Pharm Pharmacol) - "This study demonstrates that Tet-NCs provide superior therapeutic effects in RA compared to conventional Tet tablets, and their mechanism of action may involve the regulation of inflammation through inhibition of the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Consequently, Tet-NCs show potential for further development as a novel anti-arthritic agent, although their clinical applicability remains to be validated in future studies. Clinical trial number: not applicable."

Journal • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Oncology • Pain • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • IL1B • IL6 • JAK1 • STAT3 • TNFA

Further Investigations on Natural and Synthetic Bis-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline) Derivatives Interacting with the Apamin-Sensitive Site of Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels. (PubMed, Molecules) - "Our previous study demonstrated that bis-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline) (bis-THIQ) compounds such as tetrandrine and AG525E1 exhibit significant affinity for SK channels...To go further, the predictive value of the model was evaluated by evaluating in silico the propensity of a series of cyclic and non-cyclic bis-THIQ alkaloids to bind to SK channels. High fitting scores were obtained for these compounds, and subsequent in vitro experiments, using radioligand competitive binding assays, were performed and confirmed that they belong as ligands."

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Cross-Family Mechanistic Analysis of Plant Alkaloids Against Neglected Arboviruses and Related RNA Viruses. (PubMed, Molecules) - "Structure-activity analysis of multiple alkaloid classes identifies key pharmacophoric features, including the phenanthridine nucleus (lycorine derivatives) and the bis-benzylisoquinoline scaffold (tetrandrine, berbamine), as determinants of antiviral potency, selectivity, and broad-spectrum activity...The present analysis highlights that in vivo validation remains limited to a few alkaloid-virus pairs. Unbiased target deconvolution and formal testing of the ribosome/integrated stress response hypothesis stand out as essential research priorities."

Journal • Review • Chikungunya • CNS Disorders • Dengue Fever • Infectious Disease

Tetrandrine injection for preventing radiation-induced lung injury in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a randomized controlled trial protocol. (PubMed, Front Oncol) - P2 | "Radiotherapy dose is 50-50.4 Gy (1.8 Gy/fraction) using IMRT, with concurrent docetaxel/cisplatin. By adopting internationally accepted radiotherapy doses (50-50.4 Gy) and stringent lung dose constraints (V20 ≤ 30%, MLD < 20 Gy), the study provides a robust framework for comparing outcomes with global literature. https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=289682, identifier ChiCTR2500111007."

Journal • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Stephania cepharantha Hayata (Baiyaozi) attenuates cirrhosis-associated intestinal barrier injury by restoring mitochondrial function and suppressing PI3K/AKT signaling. (PubMed, J Ethnopharmacol) - "This study establishes the first mitochondria-centric diagnostic model for cirrhosis-associated intestinal mucosal injury and demonstrates that Baiyaozi exerts intestinal barrier-protective effects through concomitant restoration of mitochondrial energy homeostasis and suppression of PI3K/AKT signaling, a mechanism distinct from the microbiota-mediated pathways reported for other TCMs."

Journal • Fibrosis • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis • Metabolic Disorders • Pain • AMPK • JAK2 • NDUFA2 • NDUFS1 • PIK3CA • SHMT2 • TFAM

Tetrandrine attenuates hypoxia-induced microglial M1 polarization and microglia-mediated photoreceptor cell injury through modulation of NF-κB/p65 signaling. (PubMed, Exp Eye Res) - "In summary, Tet alleviates hypoxia-induced microglial M1 polarization and microglia-mediated photoreceptor cell injury, at least partly through modulation of NF-κB/p65 signaling. These findings identify Tet as a candidate compound for further preclinical investigation in retinal neuroinflammation associated with DR."

Journal • Diabetic Retinopathy • Inflammation • Retinal Disorders • HIF1A

Tetrandrine-loaded phenylboronic acid-chitosan nanoparticles for enhanced corneal penetration and anti-fibrotic therapy. (PubMed, Int J Pharm) - "Mechanistically, CCB@TET was found to suppress the TGF-β1/Smad signaling cascade through ITGB6 downregulation, as revealed by transcriptomic screening and biochemical validation. This study presents a rationally designed nanoplatform for safe and effective prevention of postoperative corneal haze."

Journal • Fibrosis • Glaucoma • Immunology • Ophthalmology • ITGB6 • OCLN • TGFB1

Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis (PubMed, Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi) - "(3) Extend the treatment course to≥9-12 months for patients with severe lesions or concomitant tracheal, pleural or extrapulmonary tuberculosis, so as to improve clinical outcomes and reduce recurrence (2A).Recommendation 9: For patients receiving concurrent treatment for pneumoconiosis (including tetrandrine, nintedanib, pirfenidone, glucocorticoids, bronchodilators, etc.) and rifampicin-containing anti-tuberculosis regimens: (1) Be aware that rifampicin, a potent hepatic enzyme inducer, may accelerate the metabolism of concomitant drugs such as glucocorticoids and nintedanib and reduce their efficacy...(2) Optimize the anti-tuberculosis regimen (e.g., replace rifampicin with rifabutin) to maintain the effective concentration of immunosuppressants (2D).Recommendation 12: For patients with severe, end-stage pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis who no longer benefit from active treatment, palliative care and hospice care shall be initiated...Surgical..."

Journal • Bronchiectasis • Cardiovascular • Infectious Disease • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Palliative care • Preventive care • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation • Tuberculosis • IFNG

Unraveling the regulatory mechanisms of tetrandrine in microglial phenotypic transition and neuronal autophagy for relieving diabetic neuropathic pain. (PubMed, Pak J Pharm Sci) - "Tet alleviates DNP, potentially through the concurrent modulation of microglial phenotypic transition and neuronal autophagy. These findings identify Tet as a promising multi-target agent for DNP and elucidate its potential mechanisms of action."

Journal • Diabetes • Diabetic Neuropathy • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Neuralgia • Pain

Tetrandrine improves obesity-induced adipose metabolic disorders through suppressing macrophage NF-κB activation. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol) - "In vitro, TET suppressed NF-κB activation in macrophages without affecting adipocyte differentiation, indicating macrophages as one of potential cellular targets. Collectively, these findings support TET as a promising immunometabolic regulator capable of restoring adipose tissue homeostasis and improving systemic metabolic health, providing evidence for the therapeutic potential of natural bioactive compounds in obesity-related metabolic disorders."

Journal • Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

Tetrandrine enhances anti-PD-1 immunotherapeutic efficacy for hepatocellular carcinoma by activating STING/TBK1/IRF3 pathway. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "No obvious toxic reaction was observed. By activating STING/TBK1/IRF3 signaling, TET enhanced CD8+ T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity, thereby markedly enhancing anti-PD-1 therapy efficacy in HCC."

Journal • Hepatocellular Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CD8 • IFNG • STING • TNFA

Tetrandrine Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Ferroptosis and Inflammation via Alox15 Modulation. (PubMed, Arch Biochem Biophys) - "Forced Alox15 overexpression abolished Tet's cytoprotective effects, reinstating ferroptosis and inflammatory signaling. Collectively, our findings uncover the mechanism that Tet mitigates DNP-associated mechanical allodynia by restraining spinal ferroptosis, with Alox15 acting as a key counter-regulator of Tet's protective action."

Journal • Diabetes • Diabetic Neuropathy • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Neuralgia • Pain • ALOX15 • GPX4

Therapeutic Potential of Tetrandrine Compared to Temozolomide in Treating Glioblastoma Multiforme Under Normoxic and Hypoxic Conditions. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "TET and TMZ significantly reduced pro-MMP-2 levels in M010b cells under both conditions and in U87 cells under normoxia. In conclusion, given the limited therapeutic potential of TMZ, our findings suggest that TET could be a viable alternative treatment option for GBM."

Journal • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • MMP2

O-linked glycan-dependent gating of TPC2 controls lysosomal excitability and organelle remodeling. (PubMed, Nat Commun) - "In cancer-related models, glycan-deficient TPC2 also increases cell migration, which can be reversed by inhibitors such as tetrandrine and SC-3. These findings establish luminal glycosylation as a key post-translational regulator of TPC2 gating and reveal a mechanism by which ion channel activity controls lysosomal architecture and disease-relevant cell behavior."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Oncology

The clinical efficacy of hydrogen combined with tetrandrine in the treatment of silicosis fibrosis: A randomized controlled intervention study. (PubMed, Respir Med) - "H2 combined with Tet was more effective than Tet alone in the treatment of stage II silicosis."

Clinical • Journal • Fibrosis • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • IL6

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Tetrandrine Derivatives Targeting AKT1 for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy: Integration of Network Pharmacology, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Experimental Validation. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "Compound 17 exhibited the strongest cytotoxic effect against HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 2.09 μM and a satisfactory SI value of 11.5, which was 5.3- and 6.4-fold higher than the activity of parental tetrandrine and adriamycin, respectively. Moreover, it indicates a potent in vivo killing effect against liver cancers, orthotopically transplanted HCC in an AKT1-dependent manner, with a safety profile. Taken together, compound 17 shows therapeutic potential as a safe anticancer agent through apoptosis induction, worthy of further development."

Journal • Hepatocellular Cancer • Liver Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Transplantation • AKT1 • BCL2 • CASP3

Efficacy and safety of tetrandrine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (TRAL): a multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (EULAR 2026) - P=N/A | "Adverse events were comparable between the tetrandrine and placebo groups. Conclusions In RA patients with inadequate response to methotrexate, tetrandrine demonstrated significant clinical improvements, providing a safe therapeutic option."

Clinical • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology

Tetrandrine nanocrystals development for enhanced transdermal delivery and anti-psoriatic activity on imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model. (PubMed, Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces) - "Compared with the imiquimod group, levels of cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-23 were significantly reduced and the proportion of Tregs had increased. This study provides an effective nanocrystal strategy to overcome the transdermal delivery of tetrandrine for psoriasis treatment."

Journal • Preclinical • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Psoriasis • CD4 • FOXP3 • IL17A • IL23A • IL6 • TNFA