piracetam / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

COGNITIVE IMPROVEMENT AND HIPPOCAMPAL BDNF/GFAP ALTERATIONS BY SCHINUS MOLLE ESSENTIAL OIL IN A RAT MODEL OF SCOPOLAMINE-INDUCED AMNESIA. (PubMed, J Ethnopharmacol) - "These findings provide preclinical evidence consistent with an ethnopharmacological rationale for SMEO and support further translational work to clarify its relevance beyond this experimental paradigm."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • BDNF • CA3 • GFAP

Evaluation of clinically approved neuroprotective drugs as adjunct therapies in experimental cerebral malaria. (PubMed, Arch Microbiol) - "topiramate, rasagiline, vinpocetine, cilostazol, piracetam, and rivastigmine were tested for both antimalarial and anti-cerebral malaria activity. Overall, these results suggest that combining rivastigmine with α/β-arteether may represent a practical and low-cost adjunct therapy for CM. Further mechanistic and clinical studies will be essential to confirm these findings and assess long-term outcomes."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Malaria

Case Report: Low cardiac output syndrome with multisystem complications following total repair of tetralogy of fallot. (PubMed, Front Pediatr) - "JET was managed with amiodarone, ivabradine, magnesium, and targeted temperature control...Neuroprotective therapy included piracetam and mannitol...Early recognition and multidisciplinary intervention are essential. This case highlights the potential reversibility of cortical blindness and the importance of comprehensive postoperative surveillance."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Hypotension • Ophthalmology • Pediatrics • Thrombosis

Discovery and Characterization of Novel Spirotriazoloquinazolines as Potential Neuroprotectors: Synthesis, Computational Screening, and Preliminary In Vivo Evaluation. (PubMed, J Neurochem) - "The experiments showed that compounds 25, 26, and 32 attenuated ketamine-induced behavioral alterations, demonstrating effects in anxiety reduction and cognitive performance that appeared numerically greater than piracetam and fabomotizole, though the magnitude and statistical robustness of these differences require further characterization. These findings suggest that spirotriazoloquinazolines may function as positive modulators at cognitive-enhancing receptors, potentially exerting neuroprotective effects through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Further investigation is necessary to validate the observed effects, establish dose-response relationships, and elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the apparent neuroprotective properties of these compounds."

IO biomarker • Journal • Preclinical • Alzheimer's Disease • Cognitive Disorders • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • BCL2 • CASP1 • HIF1A • IL1B

Use of nootropics in Alzheimer's disease: An analysis of regulatory positions and drug policies in the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States. (PubMed, Int J Risk Saf Med) - "We compared the results of Russia with other countries regulatory and policy positions.ResultsE-Library searches identified 11 nootropicspiracetam, citicoline, idebenone, vinpocetine, choline alfoscerate, Cerebrolysin®, Kortexin®, ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, glycine, nicergoline, nimodipine. Eight nootropic have registration for use in all CIS countries (excluding idebenone, nimodipine), four (piracetam, nimodipine, nicergoline, idebenone) - in UK, nimodipine - in the USA, and idebenone - in EU...None is included on the WHO Model EML and the National EML of Kyrgyzstan, Only CPG of the RF recommend using two nootropics as adjuvant therapy of Alzheimer's disease, Cerebrolysin® and choline alfoscerate. CPG of the European Union, the United Kingdom, and the USA do not mention nootropics as potential treatment options for Alzheimer's disease."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Dementia

Metachronous Cardio-Cerebral Infarction: A Rehabilitation Conundrum in Dual Pathology Recovery. (PubMed, Am J Phys Med Rehabil) - "A combined inpatient stroke-cardiac rehabilitation approach was implemented, incorporating attention process training, speech-language therapy, transcranial direct current stimulation, pharmacological neuromodulation with piracetam, and tailored aerobic reconditioning...This case illustrates the feasibility and necessity of an integrated, interdisciplinary rehabilitation model in cardio-cerebral infarction. Further research is required to develop structured rehabilitation protocols for this rare but complex condition."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Ischemic stroke • Myocardial Infarction

Modulatory Potential of Alpinetin on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Mitochondrial Dynamics in a Rat Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Ischemic Stroke. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: sham operation, Rt.MCAO + vehicle, Rt.MCAO + piracetam (250 mg/kg BW), and Rt.MCAO + alpinetin (100 mg/kg BW)...It also attenuated p38 MAPK activation and preserved mitochondrial integrity by mitigating the decline in Mfn2 levels. Overall, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of alpinetin in targeting multiple pathological processes involved in ischemic brain injury, supporting its promise as an effective treatment for stroke."

IO biomarker • Journal • Preclinical • B Cell Lymphoma • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Inflammation • Ischemic stroke • Lymphoma • Metabolic Disorders • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Oncology • Vascular Neurology • BAX • BCL2L1 • CASP3 • GFAP • MFN2 • MPO • SOD2

Piracetam for Risperidone-associated Hypersalivation: A Novel Treatment Approach in an Adolescent Case. (PubMed, J Clin Psychopharmacol) - No abstract available

Journal

Targeting NMDA receptors in pain management: therapeutic innovations through piracetam repurposing. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "This review shed light on the analgesic potential of piracetam and its derivatives, the role of NMDA receptors in pain mechanisms, and the development of novel, safer NMDA-targeting drugs that can overcome the limitations of existing therapies. It does, however, recognize receptor diversity and desensitization and warrants further detailed investigations for managing chronic pain."

Journal • Review • Pain

Development and validation of UPLC-MS/MS method for detecting nootropic misuse in oral fluids: A step towards combating doping in Esports. (PubMed, Anal Chim Acta) - "This study establishes a robust and practical analytical method utilising oral fluid for the detection of nootropics relevant to doping control in Esports. The approach enables rapid, non-invasive sample collection and reliable quantification, offering the potential for routine pre-game and in-competition monitoring. While the method is validated, further investigation is warranted to define drug excretion profiles and detection windows in oral fluid under real-use conditions."

Journal

Development of sustained release injectable phospholipid-based phase transition gel matrixed with Piracetam and cannabidiol loaded nanoemulsion for amelioration of Alzheimer's therapy. (PubMed, Drug Deliv Transl Res) - "In vitro studies revealed sustained release of 90.538 ± 2.62% PIRA and 87.202 ± 2.16% CBD over 96 h, compared to rapid release from the drug solution. This study introduces a novel phospholipid-based phase-transition gel depot incorporating PIRA-CBD nanoemulsion, which provides sustained, targeted brain delivery to enhance therapeutic efficacy and improve patient compliance in Alzheimer's disease management."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Dementia • Inflammation

Prospects for nasal delivery of a pharmacologic agent for neuroprotective experimental therapy after prenatal hypoxia. (PubMed, Front Syst Neurosci) - "Newborn rats were divided into groups receiving either Angiolin gel intranasally, Piracetam intraperitoneally, or saline (control) for 30 days...These findings suggest that intranasal administration of Angiolin gel effectively targets multiple pathophysiological pathways triggered by PH, providing robust neuroprotection and promoting functional recovery. Given its favorable safety profile and the non-invasive nature of intranasal delivery, Angiolin gel represents a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating the long-term neurological consequences of prenatal hypoxia and warrants further clinical investigation in neonatal and pediatric neurology."

IO biomarker • Journal • Cognitive Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Pediatrics • BCL2 • GPX1

History of the Racetams. (AES 2025) - "Funding: None Rationale: Levetiracetam (LEV) has been a blockbuster drug and drew attention to a unique mechanism of action. The history of antiseizure medication (ASM) discovery provides lessons for new drug development. We reviewed literature and conducted interviews with the investigators involved. Piracetam was synthesized in 1964 by Giurgea in a project attempting to develop GABA analogues for use in sleep induction...Gower noted that while LEV was only weakly effective in the more common maximal electric shock (MES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) models, it was surprisingly effective as an anticonvulsant in an audiogenic mouse model...Seletracetam and brivaracetam (BRV) were both synthesized and BRV was chosen as more promising for clinical development based on effectiveness in MES and PTX models as well as the audiogenic mouse model... LEV would not have been discovered if only standard screening models were used. New screening methods may help identify new ASMs.New..."

Absence Seizure Disorder • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Movement Disorders • Psychiatry

Piracetam reverses scopolamine-induced memory disorder in mice: an animal model using behavioral, oxidative, and cholinesterase biomarkers. (PubMed, Neurosci Lett) - "Furthermore, piracetam at a dose of 200 mg/kg could reverse the memory impairment induced by scopolamine by mechanisms that are independent of the antioxidant action and cholinesterase inhibition. The present model has showed great sensibility and could be used to evaluate other drugs with the potential for the treatment of diseases related to memory damage."

Journal • Preclinical • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • CAT

Piracetam attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation-induced neuronal cell death in rats with vascular dementia potentially via the activation of the AMPK/SIRT-1/Nrf-2 signaling pathway. (PubMed, Metab Brain Dis) - "Mechanistic studies showed that piracetam activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which in turn upregulated sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), leading to improved cognitive performance. In conclusion, piracetam ameliorates cognitive impairment in CCH-induced VaD by modulating oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and inflammatory cell death, potentially through activation of the AMPK/SIRT-1/Nrf-2 signaling pathway."

Journal • Preclinical • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Dementia • Inflammation • SIRT1

COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Tinnitus. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Despite the vitamin B complex and multiple courses of piracetam, her hearing did not improve, although her tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) score slightly decreased...Management remains challenging, and the psychological impact of the pandemic may contribute to symptom persistence. Early intervention and awareness are essential for optimal care."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Otorhinolaryngology

TAKE A BREATH: A CASE OF SEVERE BREATH-HOLDING SPELLS (CHEST 2025) - "Other therapies that have been utilized include Theophylline, Fluoxetine, and anticholinergic medications like Atropine and Glycopyrrolate (1). Studies have also evaluated medications typically used for epilepsy, specifically Piracetam and Levetiracetam... Severe breath holding spells may warrant further medical evaluation and consideration of treatment. Use of Levetiracetam has been shown in literature to be an effective treatment for breath holding spells and indeed has proven beneficial for our patient."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Hematological Disorders • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for disorders of consciousness: a retrospective cohort study. (PubMed, Front Neurol) - "Binary logistic regression analyses showed that shorter disease duration, injury at non-brain stem sites, higher pretreatment GCS scores, earlier timing of intervention, and combined use of acupuncture, amantadine, piracetam, and Suhexiang Pill were independent factors influencing the good prognosis of DoC patients. However, it may improve the level of consciousness of patients with stroke-induced or moderate DoC. Nevertheless, this conclusion requires validation through rigorous, standardized, large-sample randomized controlled trials (RCTs)."

Journal • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Vascular Neurology

ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PARTIAL HELLP SYNDROME PATIENT: A RARE CASE (WCN 2025) - "Hyper-coagulopathy was also noted (D-dimer 2069 ng/mL, fibrinogen 232 mg/dL). Upon diagnosis, intravenous citicoline, piracetam and peroral aspirin was given. HELLP syndrome can activate the complement system and coagulation cascade, leading to endothelial injury and AIS. Aspirin, commonly used post-delivery, is considered safe and effective in these cases"

Clinical • CNS Disorders

MOVEMENT DISORDERS IN SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS A STUDY OF A TUNISIAN PEDIATRIC COHORT (WCN 2025) - "The spectrum of movement disorders in SSPE is highly variable and can be misleading especially when they are the predominant clinical feature. Recognizing this heterogeneity is essential for accurate diagnosis and tailored management."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Dystonia • Epilepsy • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Utilization of psychotropic drugs in Serbia from 2006 to 2021: Patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "The COVID-19 pandemic did not contribute to change in consumption of psychotropic drugs in Serbia. Still, the use of antidepressants, atypical antipsychotics, anxiolytics, sedatives, hypnotics, anti-dementia drugs and gabapentinoids increased from 2006 to 2021."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Dementia • Infectious Disease • Mental Retardation • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psychiatry

Augmentation of glutamatergic modulators for schizophrenia: A network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry) - "Among add-on glutamatergic modulators with moderate to high certainty of benefit over placebo, piracetam 2400-4800 mg/day showed the greatest improvement in total psychopathology (standardized mean differences [SMD] -0.94, 95 % confidence interval [CI] -1.47 to -0.41), benzoate 1000-2000 mg/day was most effective for positive symptoms (SMD -0.43, 95 % CI -0.71 to -0.16), memantine 5-20 mg/day ranked highest for negative symptom reduction (SMD -0.64, 95 % CI -0.85 to -0.43), and the combination of sarcosine 2000 mg/day and benzoate 1000 mg/day showed the greatest enhancement in global cognitive function (SMD 1.08, 95 % CI 0.45 to 1.71). Other agents, including d-serine 2000-4000 mg/day, evenamide 30-60 mg/day, iclepertine 10-25 mg/day, lamotrigine, luvadaxistat 50 mg/day, minocycline 100-300 mg/day, N-acetylcysteine 2000 mg/day, sarcosine 2000 mg/day, and topiramate demonstrated benefits with moderate to high certainty in one or more domains. Notably, memantine,..."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

Exploring the Cognitive Benefits of a Blackcurrant-Based Supplement in Normobaric Hypoxia (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=27 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Leeds Beckett University

New trial • Alzheimer's Disease • Cognitive Disorders

Restoring the enteric neuroimmune crosstalk via hollow mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles in inflammatory bowel disease treatment. (PubMed, J Control Release) - "In this study, a drug delivery system was developed using hollow mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (HMPDA) as carriers to co-deliver piracetam and galantamine hydrobromide. The Drugs@HMPDA@Pec system presented in this study was not only an advanced targeted co-delivery platform but also represented a novel combined therapeutic strategy for IBD, which aimed to repair the intestinal neural network and restore intestinal flora diversity to maintain enteric neuro-immune homeostasis, thereby achieving outstanding therapeutic effects. This research provided new insights and approaches for the treatment of IBD."

Journal • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Development and Preclinical Evaluation of Fixed-Dose Capsules Containing Nicergoline, Piracetam, and Hawthorn Extract for Sensorineural Hearing Loss. (PubMed, Pharmaceutics) - "Acute toxicity tests in mice and rats indicated a high safety margin (LD50 > 2500 mg/kg), while ototoxicity assessments showed no adverse effects on auditory function. The developed formulation displayed good stability, safety, and therapeutic potential, while the applied workflow could represent a model for the development of future fixed-dose combinations."

Journal • Preclinical • Otorhinolaryngology