promethazine / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Clinical Outcomes of a 3-day Benzodiazepine Detoxification Protocol With Continuous Subcutaneous Flumazenil Infusion: An Open-label Pilot Study. (PubMed, J Addict Med) - "These findings warrant further investigation of flumazenil-assisted benzodiazepine detoxification in individuals with SHA-UD. Controlled studies are needed to further establish its safety profile and comparative effectiveness."

Clinical data • Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

A Fizzy Solution: Coca-Cola Dissolution of Gastric Bezoar to Facilitate Hemostatic Intervention (ACG 2026) - "Chronic nausea and emesis were partially controlled with prochlorperazine and promethazine; symptoms acutely worsened two days prior...Metoclopramide and continuous PPI infusion were initiated, but despite treatment, recurrent hematemesis persisted (hemoglobin nadir 6.5 g/dL)...A third EGD showed substantial bezoar clearance, revealing a single oozing cratered ulcer with active hemorrhage (Forrest Class Ib) along the lesser curvature, treated with epinephrine injection...Figure: Pre-intervention EGD showing undigested food bezoar in the gastric body prior to Coca-Cola dissolution. Figure: Post-Coca-Cola dissolution EGD revealing clearance of the gastric bezoar with residual actively oozing gastric ulcer in the setting of upper GI bleed."

Diabetes • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Peptic Ulcer • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Zuclopenthixol acetate for acute schizophrenia and similar major mental illnesses. (PubMed, Cochrane Database Syst Rev) - "Based on the evidence in this review, there may be no difference between zuclopenthixol acetate and standard medications in the management of acute psychiatric symptoms, tranquillisation and adverse events. Zuclopenthixol acetate was probably associated with a greater degree of sedation at 24 and 48 hours of administration. The use of zuclopenthixol acetate may be associated with a lower requirement for adjunctive benzodiazepines, but this is uncertain. Doses of zuclopenthixol acetate of 25 mg to 50 mg per injection may be as effective as doses of 50 mg to 100 mg per injection (very low-certainty evidence). Recommendations favouring zuclopenthixol acetate over standard medications for the management of acute behavioural disturbance should be interpreted with caution, given the methodological limitations of most included studies."

Clinical • Journal • Review • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

Comparison of the Utility of Amplitude-Spectral and Coherence Features of Psychotropic Drugs' Action on ECoG Signal for Pharmaco-EEG Based Drug Screening in Rats. (PubMed, Methods Protoc) - "The training set, relative to which the effects of the pharmacological agents from the test set were classified, were the matrices of effects of 12 pharmacological agents: the NMDA antagonist dizocilpine, the D2/D3 antagonists haloperidol and sulpiride, the M-anticholinergic tropicamide, the H1/5HT2A receptor blocker hydroxyzine, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galantamine, the alpha-2 adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine, the alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist atipamezole, the adenosine receptor blocker caffeine and the GABA-mimetics aminophenylbutyric acid (phenibut), bromdihydrochlorophenylbenzodiazepine (phenazepam) and 5-ethyl-5-phenyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione. The test set included various drugs with tropism for the targets of the training set drugs: dopamine receptor antagonists chlorpromazine, droperidol, tiapride and raclopride, H1-histamine blockers diphenhydramine and promethazine, 5-HT2-receptor blockers ritanserin and glemenserin, acetylcholinesterase..."

Journal • Preclinical • Pain

Method Development and Validation of Promethazine HCl by Using RP-HPLC and Its Forced Degradation Studies. (PubMed, Assay Drug Dev Technol) - "LC-MS results indicated that alkaline stress produced the highest degree of degradation, whereas thermal stress generated only minor residual impurities, confirming the relative stability of promethazine HCl under thermal conditions. The developed RP-HPLC method was found to be suitable for routine quality control analysis and stability assessment of promethazine HCl in pharmaceutical formulations."

Journal

Efflux pump inhibition disrupts biofilms and enhances azole susceptibility in Candidozyma auris. (PubMed, Biofouling) - "The efflux pump inhibitor promethazine (PMZ) was evaluated against planktonic cells and mature biofilms of 15 clinical isolates...These findings indicate that efflux pump inhibition represents a promising therapeutic strategy for controlling infections caused by C. auris. PMZ may be considered a promising structural framework for the development of novel antifungal agents."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Antiemetic-Associated QT Prolongation: A Clinical Review and Risk-Stratified Prescribing Framework for Long QT Syndrome. (PubMed, Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother) - "Antiemetic-associated arrhythmia is largely preventable. Structured risk assessment, electrolyte correction, ECG monitoring, and a stepwise selection strategy favouring agents with minimal QT liability allow clinicians to manage nausea and vomiting safely, even in high-risk populations."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Migraine • Pain • KCNH2

Regulation of Template Ionization and Template-Monomer Interactions for Enhanced Molecular Imprinting and Selective Detection of Promethazine. (PubMed, Polymers (Basel)) - "These results demonstrate that regulating template ionization and template-monomer interactions is an effective strategy for improving imprinting-site quality and molecular recognition performance. The proposed approach provides new insight into the rational design of highly selective MIPs for basic pharmaceutical compounds and offers a promising platform for environmental, pharmaceutical and forensic monitoring applications."

Journal

A hERG blocker facilitates K+ channel current by promoting pore opening while blocking. (PubMed, J Gen Physiol) - "A process that may counteract arrhythmogenic hERG block, termed facilitation, is common to many clinically approved hERG blockers, including nifekalant, amiodarone, promethazine, imipramine, nortriptyline, haloperidol, verapamil, carvedilol, metoprolol, propranolol, quinidine, fluoxetine, and chlorpheniramine. Voltage-clamp measurements revealed that agonism-while-blocking can result in nifekalant block and facilitation. We speculate that this agonism-while-blocking mechanism contributes to the relative safety of hERG blockers that induce facilitation."

Journal • Cardiovascular

Verapamil-sensitive fascicular ventricular tachycardia precipitated by promethazine overdose. (PubMed, BMJ Case Rep) - "We present an educational case of a Verapamil-sensitive fascicular VT with typical electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristics, which developed immediately following an overdose of promethazine and which was terminated successfully with verapamil, in a young person with a structurally normal heart. There have been no previous published reports of promethazine precipitating a fascicular VT and we aim to highlight this unusual link and the benefits of early recognition and management of similar presentations."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Ventricular Tachycardia

Effect of biodegradable Surfactants on Amphiphilic drug Promethazine hydrochloride (ACS-Fall 2026) - "The surfactant concentration is higher in the micelle phase than that of the drug. The PMT drugs solubilize and form mixed micelles with surfactant micelles, preferred for drug delivery, enhancing water solubility through membrane permeation, reducing side effects, and drug degradation."

Surfactant

Considerations in Obstetric Local Anesthetic use in Patient with SCN5 Mutation/Brugada Syndrome. (ASA 2026) - "Cardiology initially recommended avoiding use of sodium channel-blocking agents; however, given uncomplicated local anesthetic use in prior pregnancies and patient's strong desire for epidural analgesia, multidisciplinary decision was made to proceed with DPE utilizing bupivacaine 0.1%-fentanyl 2 mcg/mL (institution standard). Arrhythmogenic medications (i.e. methylergonovine, promethazine) were avoided, and delivery was uneventful. This case highlights safe use of local anesthetics in patients with a SCN5 mutation without Brugada pattern."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Genetic Disorders • Obstetrics

Rare Pulmonary Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor Presenting as an Endobronchial Lesion With Acute Respiratory Distress (ASA 2026) - "She initially presented with two weeks of dyspnea and nonproductive cough that was unresponsive to azithromycin and promethazine. The patient was managed with supportive care and antibiotics with clinical improvement and successful extubation. Thoracic surgery and hematology were consulted for further management."

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Cough • Hematological Disorders • Oncology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Antiemetic Combination Use During the First Trimester and Adverse Circulatory Outcomes in Newborn Infants: A Data-Mining Analysis. (PubMed, Drug Saf) - "By scanning more than 300 infant circulatory-related outcomes, we identified unspecified hypotension as a potential safety signal among newborns whose mothers were exposed to promethazine-ondansetron combination rather than metoclopramide-ondansetron combination during the first trimester. This finding warrants further investigation and illustrates the utility of tree-based scan statistics as a hypothesis-generating tool for pregnancy medication safety research."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Hypotension • Pain

LC-MS/MS Quantification of Five Antihistamines in Antemortem Blood: Method Validation and Application. (PubMed, J Anal Toxicol) - "A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for five first-generation H1 antihistamines: chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, doxylamine, hydroxyzine, and promethazine. Selected case reports are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the method. The high percentage of polysubstance cases, range of concentrations, and delayed sample collection in DFC cases underscore the importance of a sensitive and reproducible method for these first-generation antihistamines, especially in human-performance casework."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders

.Degradation of active drugs in medicinal vials exposed to temperature extremes encountered during military operations: the Military Medication Temperature Effect Study. (PubMed, BMJ Mil Health) - "Most of the medications tested retained acceptable physicochemical characteristics over 28 days under conditions simulating field exposure. These findings provide preliminary support that some medications may remain suitable for use when manufacturer-recommended temperatures cannot be maintained, and resupply is unlikely. However, the single sample (n=1) study design limits confidence in the findings. Further replicated studies are required before these results should inform medicines management policy."

Journal

Analysis of eight OTC drug components in postmortem dried blood spot samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. (PubMed, Leg Med (Tokyo)) - "We combined the DBS method with liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry to quantify eight OTC drug components (apronal, caffeine, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, diphenhydramine, diprophylline, noscapine, and promethazine). Comparison with our general practice method showed good positive correlations at the quantifiable concentrations of all drugs. Furthermore, when applied to an actual case, it was possible to diagnose death by drug poisoning, confirming the usefulness of this method."

Journal

Targeted Temperature Management at 35°C vs. 37°C for Heatstroke in ICU: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. (PubMed, Crit Care Med) - "This pilot study confirms the operational feasibility of a large-scale randomized clinical trial. However, therapeutic hypothermia was associated with significantly worse gastrointestinal injury and higher arrhythmia incidence, without evidence of neurologic or survival benefit. The universal requirement for pharmacological shivering control in the hypothermia group raises additional safety considerations. Based on current evidence, this strategy should not be routinely adopted in ICU heatstroke management."

Clinical • Journal • Cardiovascular • Critical care

Limited Degradation of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient After Spaceflight on the International Space Station. (PubMed, Wilderness Environ Med) - "Medications included caffeine, diazepam, diphenhydramine, epinephrine, ketamine, lidocaine, naloxone, and promethazine in solid and liquid formulations. Regression analyses identified medication-specific associations with days expired and days in space but did not show a consistent pattern of spaceflight-associated potency loss.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this lot-matched, post-storage comparison, International Space Station exposure was not associated with large relative potency changes for most medications studied. Epinephrine represented the clearest exception and may require medication-specific stabilization strategies for long-duration space exploration missions."

Journal

Formulation development and evaluation of nasal in situ gel of promethazine hydrochloride- part II: Pharmacokinetic evaluation and bioavailability studies. (PubMed, J Pharm Sci) - "In vivo studies were performed using New Zealand White rabbits, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the trapezoidal rule using a validated HPLC method. The optimized formulation exhibited a Cmax of 296.18 ng/ml, Tmax of 1 hour, and bioavailability of 36.42 %, which is 62.58 % higher than after oral administration, indicating intranasal in situ hydrogel as a promising approach for enhancing bioavailability of antiemetic drugs."

Journal • PK/PD data • Otorhinolaryngology • Vertigo

Intestinal Angioedema Induced by Promethazine in a Postoperative Patient With Gastric Cancer: A Case Report. (PubMed, Clin Case Rep) - "Intestinal angioedema is a rare but severe manifestation of hypersensitivity that mimics acute abdomen. This first reported case of promethazine-induced intestinal angioedema underscores the importance of recognizing drug-induced etiologies to prevent unnecessary surgery and enable conservative management."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Gastric Cancer • Immunology • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Medication Burden: Beyond Counts to Recognize Polypharmacy as an Inherent Part of Living With Chronic Kidney Disease. (PubMed, Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol) - "Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), opioids and non-benzodiazepine hypnotics (Z-drugs) were identified as common PIMs, whereas bladder antimuscarinics (tolterodine and solifenacin), sedating antihistamines (clemastine and promethazine) and antipsychotics with anticholinergic properties (quetiapine) were the most frequently used medications with strong anticholinergic properties. In conclusion, medication burden in patients with CKD is high, and incorporating PIMs and ACB scores may identify prescribing risks not captured by medication counts alone."

Journal • Retrospective data • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Comparison chart: Drugs for motion sickness. (PubMed, Med Lett Drugs Ther) - No abstract available

Journal

Tradipitant (Nereus) for motion sickness. (PubMed, Med Lett Drugs Ther) - No abstract available

Journal

Blood–brain barrier permeability of antihistamines and risk of depression in children and adolescents: a real-world cohort study (CINP 2026) - "Exposure groups were defined by antihistamine BBB permeability: the low-BBB cohort (fexofenadine, bilastine, ebastine, olopatadine, acrivastine) and the high-BBB cohort (diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine, hydroxyzine, promethazine, doxylamine, triprolidine, pheniramine). This large-scale, real-world analysis suggests that high-BBB-penetrant antihistamines may confer an elevated risk of depression in children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis. The absence of associations for negative-control outcomes supports the internal validity of this finding and implicates BBB permeability as a plausible factor influencing psychiatric vulnerability. Clinically, these results highlight the importance of considering BBB penetrability when selecting antihistamines for pediatric patients, particularly those with emotional or behavioral risk factors."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Acne Vulgaris • Allergic Rhinitis • CNS Disorders • Depression • Immunology • Inflammation • Mental Retardation • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry