Amenalief (amenamevir) / Maruho - LARVOL DELTA

A CASE OF LIVER INJURY IN AN ELDERLY PATIENT WITH DIABETES AND ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS DURING AVACOPAN USE (ISN-WCN 2026) - "Renal involvement was considered an organ manifestation of vasculitis, and prednisone (PSL) 0.5 mg/kg/day was initiated...Although avacopan was discontinued during amenamevir administration, prior avacopan use before starting amenamebvir may have led to increased amenamevir blood levels.Conclusion ANCA-associated vasculitis is a systemic disease causing multi-organ dysfunction, necessitating therapeutic intervention. Recent advances in molecularly targeted therapies, such as rituximab and avacopan, have expanded treatment options. Clinicians involved in future management must select optimal treatment strategies, considering both therapeutic timing, dosage, and administration methods, while also weighing healthcare economics."

Clinical • ANCA Vasculitis • Anorexia • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Hepatology • Herpes Zoster • Hypertension • Inflammation • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Varicella Zoster • Vasculitis • CYP3A4

Amenamevir for acyclovir-resistant genital HSV-2 infection in people living with HIV (ESCMID Global 2026) - No abstract available

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

A Short Review and Update on Epidemiology, Treatment, and Management of Herpes Zoster (Shingles) Infection. (PubMed, Curr Pharm Des) - "However, only a few antivirals, such as acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir, amenamevir, and brivudine, have clinical licenses for the treatment of HZ. This article reviews the etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, evaluation, and available treatments and vaccines for the management of HZ infection, using articles and reviews available in public databases to date (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and manual searches of Google Scholar). In addition, the differences in safety and effectiveness between the antivirals that are currently licensed for the treatment of HZ, the potential use of novel antivirals in the future for treating HZ, and the antivirals' therapeutic or preventive effects on ZAP or PHN are also discussed."

Journal • Herpes Zoster • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Neuralgia • Pain • Varicella Zoster

Acute retinal necrosis due to HVS2 treated with amenamevir (PubMed, J Fr Ophtalmol) - No abstract available

Journal

Amenamevir for acyclovir-resistant genital HSV-2 infection in people living with HIV. (PubMed, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol) - No abstract available

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Herpetic dendritic ulcer resistant to valaciclovir successfully treated with amenamevir. (PubMed, J Fr Ophtalmol) - No abstract available

Journal

Use of short-course oral amenamevir (helicase-primase inhibitor) for the treatment of thymidine analogue-resistant herpes simplex lesions. (PubMed, Int J STD AIDS) - "It had also failed to respond to topical therapies and cidofovir. A seven-day course of oral amenamevir provided excellent resolution of the lesions.ConclusionThese two cases highlight the challenges in managing aciclovir-resistant herpes simplex lesions and the swift resolution following treatment with a novel therapeutic agent, amenamevir. Early recognition of resistant HSV lesions allows for prompt outsourcing of alternative, novel anti-viral therapies such as amenamevir."

Journal • Herpes Simplex • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pain

Structural basis of herpesvirus helicase-primase inhibition by pritelivir and amenamevir. (PubMed, Sci Adv) - "The structures reveal a bilobed architecture highlighting HP coordinated action at the replication fork and providing a structural basis for HP inhibition by illustrating precisely how pritelivir and amenamevir block helicase activity. Data lay a solid foundation for the development of improved antiviral therapies."

Journal • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease • RPL11

Structural and mechanistic insights into herpesvirus helicase-primase and its therapeutic inhibitors. (PubMed, Nat Microbiol) - "Here we present the cryogenic electron microscopy structure of the HSV-1 HP apo-complex (3.8 Å), along with structures bound to pritelivir (3.2 Å) and amenamevir (3.2 Å)-two clinically active, chemically distinct HPIs. The potency of both inhibitors against HSV variants bearing mutations within the HPI binding pocket supports the high-resolution mapping of key molecular interactions while revealing residues that govern their antiviral spectrum against alphaherpesviruses. Our results provide important insight into the unique architecture of the HP complex and the mechanism of inhibition of HPIs, paving the way for the development of next-generation antivirals to treat herpesvirus infections."

Journal • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease

Discovery of a Baloxavir-Inspired Endonuclease Inhibitor That Prevents Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Replication in Cell Culture and In Vivo. (PubMed, Adv Sci (Weinh)) - "Acyclovir and other viral DNA polymerase inhibitors are effective antiviral agents for treating HSV infections. However, despite the recent approval of pritelivir and amenamevir (helicase-primase complex inhibitors), drug resistance is still a major threat to therapeutic success...LN-7 demonstrates antiviral efficacy in infected mice, while exhibiting fewer clinical signs compared to controls. Overall, LN-7 emerges as a promising lead for treating herpesvirus infections and is therefore a first-in-class drug candidate targeting HSV genome packaging."

Journal • Preclinical • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease

Structural determinants of nervous system exposure of adibelivir (IM-250) and related herpes helicase-primase inhibitors across animal species. (PubMed, Antiviral Res) - "In diverse animal species, after single or multiple doses of helicase-primase drugs by oral or intravenous administration, only adibelivir (IM-250) achieved concentrations in the nervous system in the range of plasma or blood levels (ratio 0.5 to 4 nervous system/plasma), while other helicase-primase inhibitors with distinct structures, including amenamevir, pritelivir or ABI-5366, showed a low brain/plasma ratio of less than 0.1. In preclinical studies published so far, adibelivir was efficacious in the herpes encephalitis and neonatal animal model and reduced the reactivation competence of the neuronal latent herpes viral reservoir. Ongoing clinical trials with HPIs will show whether sufficient drug exposure in brain and ganglia will translate into more effective herpes therapies for patients."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Evaluation of the patent portfolio for helicase-primase inhibitor ABI-5366 of Assembly biosciences inc. (PubMed, Expert Opin Ther Pat) - P1 | "With amenamevir already approved for varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex in Japan and with pritelivir's granted breakthrough therapy designation for the treatment of acyclovir-resistant HSV infections in immunocompromised patients, the target has sparked interest in helicase-primase inhibitors...This me-too approach on the old Bayer urea series is currently in clinical phase I (NCT06385327) and the modification is the bridging of the two urea nitrogens via an alkylene linkage. The chemical structure for 1,3-disubstituted tetrahydropyrimidin-2(1 H)-one derivative ABI-5366 is presented and its potential opportunities and limitations as a long-acting oral administration or injectable depot drug compared to other HPIs are discussed."

Journal • Herpes Simplex • Herpes Zoster • Infectious Disease • Varicella Zoster

Revealing Inaccuracies in Using Chemical Oxygen Demand to Evaluate Azo Dye Mineralization: A Case for Control Experiments. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "COD values of a series of azo dyes were determined by following the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater Chemical Oxygen Demand Method 5220D (SM5220D) using five water-soluble azo dyes: chrysoidine G, methyl orange, basacryl red, Bismarck brown Y, and acid violet 3...The authors recommend that the control experiment developed here be performed first to inform researchers if the COD is appropriate to use with the chosen azo dyes. Only in this way can newly developed degradation systems be more accurately assessed."

Journal

In vitro antiviral efficacy of amenamevir against feline herpesvirus 1. (PubMed, J Vet Med Sci) - "Herein, we evaluated the efficacy of AMNV against feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) in three different cell lines and compared it with that of acyclovir (ACV) and penciclovir (PCV)-nucleoside analogs currently used against FHV-1 infection. The 50% inhibitory concentrations of AMNV against FHV-1 were comparable to those of ACV in all cell lines tested, although they were 2.0 to 21.0-fold higher than those of PCV. This is the first study to have evaluated the efficacy of AMNV against animal herpesvirus, and the results suggest that AMNV could be a new option for treating FHV-1 infection with a novel mechanism of action."

Journal • Preclinical • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Infectious Disease

Characteristics of meningitis/encephalitis in adult patients with varicella-zoster virus infection: Experience from tertiary centers in Saga prefecture, Japan. (PubMed, J Neurol Sci) - "Our study results suggested poorer outcomes in elderly patients and a high proportion of patients prescribed amenamevir. Lower the CSF transfer rate of amenamevir may increase the risk of developing meningitis/encephalitis in patients with herpes zoster."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Herpes Zoster • Infectious Disease • Varicella Zoster

Structural Basis of Herpesvirus Helicase-Primase Inhibition by Pritelivir and Amenamevir. (PubMed, bioRxiv) - "The structures reveal a bilobed architecture highlighting helicase-primase coordinated action at the replication fork and providing a structural basis for HP inhibition by illustrating precisely how pritelivir and amenamevir block helicase activity. Data lays a solid foundation for the development of improved antiviral therapies."

Journal • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease • RPL11

S1PR2 Modulates MRSA-driven Lung Injury and Barrier Dysfunction (ATS 2025) - "This study investigated the effects of S1PR2 on barrier function during MRSA-induced ALI. In vitro: Human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAECs) and alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) were pretreated with an S1PR2 antagonist, GLGP2938, or agonist, CMY5220, for 1 hr prior to heat-killed MRSA exposure (2.5-3.0[asterisk]108/ml)... MRSA significantly upregulates S1PR2 expression in lung endothelial and epithelial cells, and S1PR2 inhibition exacerbates MRSA-induced lung injury in vitro and vivo. These results suggest that S1PR2 expression is a key mediator for cellular responses to MRSA in the lung and serves to enhance barrier integrity. S1PR2 may have potential as a therapeutic target for reducing vascular leak and protecting lung tissue in severe bacterial infections."

Acute Lung Injury • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • S1PR1 • S1PR2 • S1PR2 • VCAM1

An Autobiographical Report of Postherpetic Abdominal Pseudohernia in a Neurologist. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Pseudohernia associated with herpes zoster is a rare complication that may be misdiagnosed as an abdominal wall hernia. Stress and overwork may contribute to the onset of herpes zoster, highlighting the importance of work-life balance and stress management, especially in medical professionals and prioritizing self-care in medical professionals."

Journal • Gastroenterology • Herpes Zoster • Pain • Varicella Zoster

Herpes Simplex Virus and Drug Resistance - Comprehensive Update on Resistance Mutations and Implications for Clinical Management: A Narrative Review. (PubMed, Clin Microbiol Infect) - "This dataset paves the way to harmonize reporting of DRMs for diagnostic labs and to accelerate genotypic DST interpretation through aggregated data. Ongoing large-scale data collection of genotypic, phenotypic, and clinical data is crucial for evidence-based management of HSV antiviral resistance and clinical guidelines."

Journal • Review • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease

Transfer of amenamevir into breast milk in breastfeeding patients with recurrent herpes simplex: study protocol for a single-arm, open-label study. (PubMed, Front Pediatr) - "This study will provide evidence of the transfer profile of amenamevir into breast milk during PIT. If the RID of amenamevir is less than 10%, such therapy is generally considered to be safe, and use of PIT with amenamevir may consequently lead to a new standard therapy for breastfeeding patients."

Clinical • Journal • Herpes Simplex

Pathophysiology and treatment of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus keratitis (PubMed, J Fr Ophtalmol) - "Herpetic keratitis (HK) caused by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is the major cause of infection-related blindness in developed countries. Amenamevir (AMNV), a new drug targeting the viral helicase-primase (HP) enzyme complex, with proven efficacy for treatment of herpetic infections of other sites, has recently shown value in the management of ACV-resistant HK. Its TK-independent mechanism allows it to retain its antiviral activity even in cases of patient resistance to ACV."

Journal • Review • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Single Amino Acid Substitution Within the Helicase of Varicella Zoster Virus Makes It Resistant to Amenamevir. (PubMed, J Med Virol) - "We observed that the drug-resistant virus and the ORF55 K350N recombinant virus have high resistance to amenamevir, as the EC50 values in a plaque reduction assay were > 100 μM, while the two viruses remained susceptible to the nucleoside analog drug acyclovir. We observed that the single amino-acid substitution in the helicase induces amenamevir resistance, confirming the importance of the helicase in amenamevir's inhibition of virus growth. Our findings highlight the importance of regulating the clinical use of amenamevir to minimize the risk of the emergence of helicase K350N mutation, especially in the long-term use of amenamevir by immunosuppressed patients."

Journal • Herpes Zoster • Melanoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Varicella Zoster

Disproportionality Analysis of Amenamevir-Induced Encephalopathy Using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database 1. (PubMed, J Infect Chemother) - "These results suggest that amenamevir treatment may be associated with encephalopathy, particularly in patients aged ≥70 years. Healthcare providers should be aware of this potential risk, especially in elderly patients, to prevent severe central nervous system complications."

Adverse events • Journal • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Herpes Zoster • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Varicella Zoster

Helicase-primase inhibitors for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections - patent evaluation of WO2023/225162 from gilead sciences inc. (PubMed, Expert Opin Ther Pat) - "With amenamevir already approved for varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex in Japan and with pritelivir's granted breakthrough therapy designation for the treatment of acyclovir-resistant HSV infections in immunocompromised patients, the target has sparked interest in helicase-primase inhibitors (HPIs)...The asset was contributed to Assembly Biosciences, where it is under development as ABI-1179 at the investigational new drug (IND) enabling stage for high-recurrence genital herpes. A structure proposal for indolinoyl derivative ABI-1179 is presented, showing its potential opportunities and limitations compared to other HPIs."

Journal • Review • Herpes Simplex • Herpes Zoster • Infectious Disease • Varicella Zoster

HerpesDRG: a comprehensive resource for human herpesvirus antiviral drug resistance genotyping. (PubMed, BMC Bioinformatics) - "The database is released along with an R package that provides a simple approach to resistance variant annotation and clinical implication analysis from common sanger and next generation sequencing data. This represents the first openly available and community maintainable database of drug resistance mutations for the human herpesviruses (HHV), developed for the community of researchers and clinicians tackling HHV drug resistance."

Journal • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections