aminophylline / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

TOXIC TURN, TIMELY RESCUE: AMINOPHYLLINE THERAPY IN METHOTREXATE NEUROTOXICITY (CHEST 2026) - No abstract available

Critical care

MAGIC: A study comparing two intravenous treatments, magnesium sulfate and aminophylline, to see which works better for children experiencing a severe asthma attack. (ANZCTR) - P3 | N=1068 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Monash University

New P3 trial • Asthma • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Methylxanthines for the prevention or treatment of intermittent hypoxemia or respiratory insufficiency in late preterm infants. (PubMed, Cochrane Database Syst Rev) - "Overall, methylxanthine therapy in late preterm infants may reduce the number of intermittent hypoxemia episodes over one week from starting treatment, but likely results in little to no difference in all-cause mortality prior to hospital discharge. The effects of methylxanthines on other important outcomes, such as respiratory support, duration of hospital stay and adverse effects, remain highly uncertain due to limited and low-certainty evidence. A few outcomes were not reported, and no studies addressed the treatment of established intermittent hypoxemia or respiratory insufficiency. Current evidence is limited, and further high-quality trials are needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of methylxanthines in late preterm infants. The identified ongoing trials are planning to recruit over 900 infants, with the largest (n = 478) expected to be completed in 2026."

Clinical • Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • KLRB1

Presumed Fatal Bronchospasm From Adenosine Administered for Assessment of Fractional Flow Reserve. (PubMed, JACC Case Rep) - "Although extremely rare, adenosine carries a risk of fatal bronchospasm, and alternative hyperemic agents or nonhyperemic physiological indices should be used preferentially in patients with known obstructive airway disease. Aminophylline should be immediately available in all clinical settings where adenosine is administered frequently."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Respiratory Diseases

The effects of locally administered aminophylline in patients undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy: a systematic review with exploratory meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Urol) - "Adequately powered randomized trials are required to validate these results. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD420251229352."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Renal Calculi • Urolithiasis

ELEAR-PAP: Timing of Aminophylline and Recovery in Pediatric Ambulatory Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=60 | Completed | Sponsor: Hany Mohammed El-Hadi Shoukat Mohammed | Not yet recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Anesthesia • Pediatrics

Combinational Tocolysis: Evaluating Lower-Dose Combinations of Nifedipine, Indomethacin and Aminophylline for Tocolytic Synergism in Pregnant Human Myometrium. (PubMed, Am J Obstet Gynecol) - "Of the four combinations examined, nifedipine + indomethacin, nifedipine + aminophylline, and nifedipine + indomethacin + aminophylline demonstrated synergism. The combination of indomethacin + aminophylline exhibited only an additive effect. Given the narrow therapeutic indications for tocolysis-primarily limited to short-term (≤48 hours) use to facilitate antenatal corticosteroid administration and maternal transfer-the synergistic lower-dose combinations identified here may enable more effective and safer tocolysis. These findings support further clinical investigation of combinational tocolysis to improve preterm birth outcomes while minimizing maternal and fetal adverse effects."

Journal

TAM-AMIN-UAS: Tamsulosin and Intraureteral Aminophylline for Ureteral Access During RIRS (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=322 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Beni-Suef University

New P2 trial • Nephrology • Renal Calculi

Intravesical Aminophylline for Urgent Ureteral Stenting in Acute Calculous Anuria (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=72 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Beni-Suef University

New P2 trial • Acute Kidney Injury • Nephrology • Renal Calculi • Renal Disease

Intravesical Aminophylline to Facilitate Ureteroscopic Access in Children With Distal Ureteral Stones. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=60 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Beni-Suef University

New P2 trial • Pediatrics • Renal Calculi • Urolithiasis

Qingfei Tongluo Formula attenuates COPD-associated ferroptosis by restoring arachidonic acid metabolic balance via dual inhibition of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 and soluble epoxide hydrolase 2. (PubMed, Phytomedicine) - "Our results identify QFTLF as a novel naturally occurring dual inhibitor of PTGS2/EPHX2, which attenuates COPD-associated ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells (the primary site of COPD injury) by restoring arachidonic acid metabolic balance, thereby addressing a critical unmet clinical need in COPD by positioning the QFTLF and its key compounds as promising disease modifying candidates."

Journal • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Inflammation • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • GPX4 • HMGB1 • IL1B • IL6 • PACERR • PPARG • PTGS2 • TNFA

Efficacy of nebulised dexmedetomidine versus aminophylline for treatment of postdural puncture headache in patients undergoing subarachnoid block posted for caesarean section: a double-blind, randomised controlled study. (PubMed, BMJ Neurol Open) - "These therapies may represent practical alternatives for PDPH management in postpartum patients; larger multicentre trials allowing early mobilisation are warranted. Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2024/01/061322; date of prospective trial registration: 10 January 2024, date of first patient enrolment: 15 January 2024, https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/login.php)."

Journal • Anesthesia • Cough • Obstetrics • Pain • Respiratory Diseases

COST-EFFECTIVENESS AND BUDGET IMPACT OF CAFFEINE CITRATE VERSUS AMINOPHYLLINE FOR APNEA OF PREMATURITY ACROSS A PUBLIC HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IN MEXICO (ISPOR 2026) - "This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness and budget impact of Peyona® (caffeine citrate; CC) compared with aminophylline for the treatment of apnea of prematurity from the perspective of the ISSSTE in Mexico. A cost-effectiveness analysis combined with a budget impact analysis was conducted from the institutional perspective of ISSSTE. CC represents a cost-effective and cost-saving alternative to aminophylline for the management of apnea of prematurity within ISSSTE, supporting efficient resource allocation and long-term economic sustainability of neonatal care programs."

Cost effectiveness • HEOR • Prematurity

Comparative effectiveness of corticosteroids for acute asthma treatment in the pediatric emergency department (PAS 2026) - "Background: Multiple systemic corticosteroid regimens are used in clinical practice to treat pediatric asthma exacerbations. We identified 189,747 eligible ED encounters for asthma. Of these, 73.5% received a prescription for dexamethasone, while 26.5% were prescribed prednisone, prednisolone, or methylprednisolone. Hospital admission occurred in 60,228 encounters (31.7% overall), including 29.7% of those prescribed dexamethasone and 37.3% of those prescribed prednisone/prednisolone/methylprednisolone (aOR 0.45, 95% CI 0.43 - 0.47)."

Clinical • HEOR • Asthma • Immunology • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases

Aminophylline Prophylaxis in Infants Treated with Therapeutic Hypothermia to Reduce Acute Kidney Injury: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial (PAS 2026) - "Of 77 eligible infants to date, 31 were approached and consents were obtained in 19 neonates. All serum drug levels (1 hour after dosing) have been < 10 mg/dl (median 7.3, interquartile range (IQR) 6.6-8.7). No differences in incidences of hyperglycemia, tachycardia, and seizures are observed to date."

Clinical • Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Epilepsy • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Association Between the Child Opportunity Index 3.0 and Critical Asthma in Children (PAS 2026) - "Primary outcome was incidence of critical asthma exacerbation, defined by using adjunctive medications (ipratropium, terbutaline, aminophylline, magnesium, epinephrine, ketamine). We identified 1,153 hospitalizations from 902 unique patients (Table 1). COI 3.0 quintile was very low in 553 (48%), low in 251 (21.8%), moderate in 181 (15.7%), high in 89 (7.7%), and very high in 79 (6.9%) hospitalizations. We did not find an association between critical asthma and COI 3.0 (aRR by quintile: low 1.10 (0.96, 1.27), moderate 1.00 (0.82, 1.21), high 0.96 (0.74, 1.25), very high 1.05 (0.79, 1.39))."

Clinical • Asthma • Immunology • Respiratory Diseases

Impact of Team Triage Implementation on Triage Discordance in a Pediatric Emergency Department (PAS 2026) - "Level 2 events also included age 2 albuterol doses administered.Level 3 events: Hospital admission/transfer beyond first hour, sedating medication, age 1-3 months with temp ≥100.4Tier 1 medications grouped by typical indication (parenteral unless otherwise indicated): Shock (Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Dopamine, Calcium chloride, Calcium gluconate, Bicarbonate); Cardiogenic Shock( Dobutmaine, Amiodarone, Atropine, Adenosine, Prostaglandin E, Furosemide; Anaphylaxis (Epinephrine); Hypovolemic Shock (≥2 IV weight based fluid bolus); Status Epilepticus (Ativan, Valproate, Diazepam, Phenytoin, Fosphenytonin, Phenobarbital, Levetiracetam, intranasal Midazolam); Altered mental status/hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia (Insulin Infusion, Mannitol, Hypertonic saline D10, D25, or D50 bolus, Naloxone); Status Asthmaticus (Magnesium sulfate, Methylprednisolone. Terbutaline, Epinephrine, Aminophylline)Table 2... Among 124,539 included visits, 79,938 occurred pre-TT and 44,601 occurred..."

Clinical • Discordant • Asthma • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Epilepsy • Hypoglycemia • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • Suicidal Ideation

Comparison of Acetaminophen With Aminophylline and Aminophylline With Dexamethasone for Prophylaxis of PDPH in Patients With History of PDPH. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=50 | Completed | Sponsor: Sargodha Medical College

New P2 trial • Pain

Potential antidepressant properties of aminophylline in male mice exposed to chronic restraint stress. (PubMed, Pharmacol Rep) - "The study provides the first evidence of the antidepressant activity of aminophylline in a validated model of depression, prompting further clinical investigation into its therapeutic potential. Moreover, molecular and biochemical analyses are warranted to validate its precise mechanism of action."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Depression • Psychiatry

Renal Effects of Aminophylline in Cooled Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. (PubMed, Am J Perinatol) - "Aminophylline administration at the start of TH was associated with a steeper decline in serum creatinine, suggesting a potential renoprotective effect in neonates with HIE. However, the higher frequency of convulsions emphasizes the need for careful neurological monitoring. Further studies are needed to clarify optimal dosing and the balance between potential renal benefits and neurological risks."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

THE EFFECT OF INTRAVENOUS AMINOPHYLLINE ON PREVENTING ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN SICK NEONATES – A MULTICENTRIC DOUBLE BLINDED, RANDOMISED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL (ISN-WCN 2026) - "These findings suggest potential renoprotective benefit beyond asphyxiated neonates and support further evaluation of aminophylline as an adjunct for AKI prevention across diverse neonatal critical care populations. Larger adequately powered studies are warranted to confirm its protective role and define the subgroups most likely to benefit."

Clinical • Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • LCN2

Cardioprotective effects of the ranolazine in myocardial infarction mediated by stimulation of the endogenous mediators involved in ischemic preconditioning. (PubMed, Acta Cir Bras) - "ranolazine can be a pharmacological alternative to surgical ischemic preconditioning utilized prior to interventional procedures like coronary artery bypass graft surgery and heart transplantation, offering improved patient compliance."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Myocardial Infarction • Reperfusion Injury • Transplantation • MB

Safety, Efficacy, and Outcomes of the Modified Rotational Atherectomy Approach: A Real-World Single-Center Experience. (PubMed, Indian Heart J) - "The use of TPM can be avoided during RA, and slow/no reflow incidence can be reduced with pretreatment aminophylline and adrenaline. Small burr sizes with a slow rotation speed and short runs are key for safe and effective calcium ablation with this debulking modality."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders

TRENDS OF MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION RESERVE IN AN ADOLESCENT POST-HEART TRANSPLANT POPULATION (ACC 2026) - "Standard regadenoson stress protocol was followed for hyperemic response followed by aminophylline reversal. MPR is associated with LV mass and trends lower in adolescent HT patients than reported adult cut offs despite absence of high-grade CAV. Limited stress CMR-derived MPR data exists in adolescent HT population. Future studies are warranted to establish normal pediatric MPR values and delineate the relationship between MPR and LV mass post HT."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Transplantation

Current Treatments for Pediatric Critical Asthma: An Interim Analysis From the CATCHUP Study (SCCM 2026) - "During hospital admission, 134 (33.7%) received ipratropium, 136 (34.2%) received intermittent IV magnesium, 52 (13.1%) received continuous IV magnesium, 45 (11.3%) received IV terbutaline, and 28 (7.0%) received IV aminophylline. Pharmacologic treatments and respiratory support management varies between patients, with ipratropium and magnesium being the most common adjunctive medications and HFNC and NIV both being common support devices used."

Clinical • Acute Lung Injury • Asthma • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock