temazepam / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

A new nano-encapsulated TSPO ligand reduces neuroinflammation and improves cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease model. (PubMed, Theranostics) - " We synthesized a new TSPO ligand, TEMNAP, a hybrid of temazepam, a compound well known for its ability to bind TSPO, and naproxen, a drug with anti-inflammatory properties that is potentially useful to mitigate neuroinflammation. More importantly, TEMNAP was mass-spectrometrically detected in the hippocampus and cortex of Tg2576 mice after SANP-TF-TEMNAP intraperitoneal administration, preventing hippocampal neuroinflammation and improving cognitive function. These results emphasize the following: (i) the role of transferrin-conjugated self-assembling nanoparticles (SANP-TF) as CNS nanovectors, and (ii) the potential therapeutic effectiveness of peripherally administered SANP-TF-TEMNAP in preventing neuroinflammation associated with cognitive decline."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Inflammation

Treatment Patterns for Sleep Disorders in the United States Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (ISPOR 2025) - "Other treatments may include the melatonin receptor agonist (ramelteon) or sedating antidepressants (trazodone, off label)...Overall, an estimated 2.6% were prescribed zolpidem, 0.7% temazepam, 0.28% eszopiclone, 0.12% ramelteon, 0.06% zaleplon, 0.05% suvorexant, 0.04% triazolam, 0.006% lemborexant, 0.005% estazolam, and 0.001% daridorexant... The Z-drug zolpidem was the most commonly prescribed medication indicated for insomnia. Sedative antidepressants were also frequently utilized, likely due to their affordability and the lack of widely accepted, cost-effective alternatives for managing insomnia. Lemborexant and daridorexant, more recently approved for insomnia, were prescribed less frequently and have not yet become mainstream frontline treatments."

CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder

Determination of diazepam and its active metabolites in aquatic products and aquaculture environments using modified QuEChERS-based UPLC-MS/MS. (PubMed, Anal Methods) - "This study developed a modified QuEChERS method combined with UPLC-MS/MS to determine the residues of diazepam and its active metabolites, nordiazepam, oxazepam, and temazepam, in aquatic products and aquaculture environments. The risk assessment results showed that the residues of diazepam in aquaculture posed an acceptable risk to human health and a medium risk to the ecosystem. These results confirmed that the established method is suitable for the simultaneous analysis of diazepam and its active metabolites in aquatic products and aquaculture environments."

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The Effect of Suvorexant on Fear Extinction Recall: A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Pilot Trial in Healthy Individuals. (PubMed, J Sleep Res) - "In this pilot, randomised controlled trial, we investigated the effect of 20 mg suvorexant to increase REM sleep, 20 mg temazepam to decrease REM sleep, and a placebo on extinction recall in 30 healthy adults (age: M = 26.93 years, SD = 7.54). These findings suggest that increasing REM sleep in populations with REM disruptions such as PTSD to optimal levels could improve extinction recall. This underscores the potential of enhancing REM sleep as a therapeutic target for improving PTSD outcomes, warranting further investigation of suvorexant in clinical populations where REM sleep deficits are prevalent."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Mood Disorders • Post-traumatic Stress Disorder • Sleep Disorder

A Parallel-Group, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Randomised, Pragmatic Clinical Trial Investigating the Effect of Temazepam on Objective and Subjective Measures of Sleep in Critically Ill Patients (The DREAM Trial) (ATS 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Critical care

Impact of Postoperative Sleep Medication Use on 90-Day Complications Following Total Knee Arthroplasty (AAOS 2025) - "We further analyzed the effects of standard prescription sleep medications (Daridorexant, Eszopiclone, Lemborexant, Suvorexant, Temazepam, Triazolam, Zaleplon, Zolpidem) and less potent prescription sleep medications (Doxepin, Ramelteon). Both standard and less potent prescription sleep medication use is associated with surgical complications. Post-operative sleep disturbance remains a major problem following TKA, but prescription sleep medications may be unsafe for routine postoperative use."

Insomnia • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics • Pain • Sleep Disorder

Residue Behavior and Risk Assessment of Diazepam and Its Metabolites in Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus) After Oral Administration. (PubMed, J Vet Pharmacol Ther) - "Diazepam (DZP), a benzodiazepine medication, is extensively utilized in both human and veterinary medicine and has been frequently detected in fish populations. DZP was metabolized into nordiazepam and temazepam in crucian carp; nordiazepam is the main metabolite of DZP, which is gradually higher than the parent drug in the elimination phase. The dietary risk assessment suggested that a possible health risk (HQ ≥ 0.1) was found within 1 day via ingestion of crucian carp after an oral dose of DZP, suggesting that frequent consumption of high-residue crucian carp may cause harm to human health."

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Determination of diazepam and its three metabolites in fish by pass-through solid phase extraction purification combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (PubMed, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu) - "The established method is simple, rapid, sensitive and selective, which is suitable for the simultaneous determination of diazepam and its three metabolites in fish."

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Prevalence and Incidence of Oral Benzodiazepine Use in Hospitalized Surgical Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, Ann Surg) - "In this study, one fifth of patients admitted to surgical departments were administered oral benzodiazepines for sleep disturbances and anxiety. Future research and policies should focus on finding and implementing effective non-pharmacological methods for perioperative sleep disturbances and anxiety."

Journal • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

"Multimodal Sleep Signal Tensor Decomposition and Hidden Markov Modeling for Temazepam-Induced Anomalies Across Age Groups". (PubMed, J Neurosci Methods) - "DREAMS supports the development of personalized interventions based on sleep transition variability across age groups, offering a powerful tool to understand temazepam's age-dependent effects on sleep architecture."

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Pharmacokinetics of remimazolam, midazolam and diazepam in sheep. (PubMed, Vet Anaesth Analg) - "Remimazolam elimination is significantly faster than either midazolam or diazepam. The rapid pharmacokinetics of remimazolam may be particularly useful to facilitate fast recovery from sedation and minimize drug residue exposures in food-producing animals."

Journal • PK/PD data • Anesthesia

Online Insomnia Treatment in Australian General Practice (ANZCTR) - P=N/A | N=375 | Completed | Sponsor: The Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Flinders University | Recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder

Psychoactive pollutant alters movement dynamics of fish in a natural lake system. (PubMed, Proc Biol Sci) - "This effect was potentially owing to temazepam-exposed fish suffering increased predation compared with unexposed conspecifics, particularly at the river-lake confluence. These findings underscore the ability of pharmaceutical pollution to alter key fitness-related behavioural traits under natural conditions, with likely negative impacts on the health and persistence of wildlife populations."

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MULTI-BIOINFORMATICS REVEALED DRUGGABLE PROTEIN NETWORK OF PROGRESSION FROM GASTRIC INTESTINAL METAPLASIA TO GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA (UEGW 2024) - "Computational drug repurposing of approved and investigational drugs/compounds (e.g., as found on www.clinicaltrials.gov) identified the following drugs as effective for GIM: dasatinib with or without erlotinib, nilotinib, afatinib on SRC, SM1-71 on SRC, JNJ-26483327 on EGFR, Afatinib on EGFR, ingenol mebutate on protein kinase C (PKC) family, amoxapine, benoxaprofen, avobenzone, amlexanox, alprazolam, praziquantel, ibuprofen piconol, tranilast, and restoril. The druggable protein network associated with GIM progression toward GA was identified. The distinct phenotypic patterns between GIM and GA might challenge the notion that GIM serves as the primary precancerous lesion in GA tumorigenesis rather than shares a common cause with tissue-resident stem cells. Further validation of the druggable protein network is needed for the development of a cost-effective surveillance program and preventive treatment of the GIM-to-GA progression."

IO biomarker • Breast Cancer • Gastric Adenocarcinoma • Gastric Cancer • Gastrointestinal Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • BRCA1 • CD44 • CTNNB1 • EGFR • JUN • RBP2 • SRC

Transient global amnesia predisposed by rizatriptan and temazepam. (PubMed, BMJ Case Rep) - "This case suggests that the combined use of triptans and benzodiazepines may predispose patients to TGA. It also highlights the importance of differentiating TGA from other cerebrovascular diseases in order to reduce patients' exposure to the thrombolytic agent and the cost of hospitalisation."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Insomnia • Ischemic stroke • Migraine • Pain • Sleep Disorder • Vascular Neurology

Masked Taper With Behavioral Intervention for Discontinuation of Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (PubMed, JAMA Intern Med) - P=N/A | "This randomized clinical trial conducted at an academic medical center and a Department of Veterans Affairs medical center included adults aged 55 years or older who had used lorazepam, alprazolam, clonazepam, temazepam, and/or zolpidem for current or prior insomnia, at doses of less than 8-mg diazepam-equivalent 2 or more nights per week for at least 3 months. This randomized clinical trial found that a program combining masked tapering with novel cognitive and behavioral exercises targeting placebo mechanisms improved the percentage of long-term benzodiazepine receptor agonist discontinuation compared with standard CBTI plus an unmasked taper. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03687086."

Clinical • Journal • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder

Agitated Depression Associated With Flurazepam Discontinuation. (PubMed, Case Rep Psychiatry) - "Symptoms did not resolve with the use of alternative benzodiazepines such as nitrazepam and temazepam and further worsened with the use of several antidepressants. She finally had a complete resolution of these symptoms with a combination of alprazolam, zopiclone, and olanzapine. This case provides insight into this unique variant of depression and the role of GABA agonists in its pathology and management."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • General Anxiety Disorder • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Psychomotor Agitation

Temazepam or Melatonin Versus Placebo for the Treatment of Insomnia in Advanced Cancer: A Three-Arm, Double-Blind, Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial. (PubMed, J Palliat Med) - " Temazepam and melatonin PR were associated with a clinically significant improvement in patient-reported insomnia severity compared with placebo. Findings need confirmation with larger patient numbers."

Clinical • Journal • Metastases • P3 data • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Oncology • Sleep Disorder

Multiscale neural dynamics in sleep transition volatility across age scales: a multimodal EEG-EMG-EOG analysis of temazepam effects. (PubMed, Geroscience) - "Mean conditional volatility parameterization of the GARCH model reveals directional influences, with a causality index of 0.75 from frontal to occipital regions during REM sleep transition periods. Our methodological framework identifies distinct neural behavior patterns across age groups associated with each sleep stage and transition, offering insights into the development of targeted interventions for sleep regularity across the lifespan."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Sleep Disorder

A randomised control trial investigating the effect of temazepam on sleep in critically ill patients (ANZCTR) - P4 | N=56 | Completed | Sponsor: Melbourne Health | Recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • CNS Disorders • Sleep Disorder

Increased Pneumonia Risk Associated with Concomitant Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Benzodiazepines: A Pharmacovigilance Analysis. (PubMed, Lung) - "Our findings identified a significantly elevated pneumonia risk with the combined use of ICS and BZD. These results highlighted the necessity for cautious co-prescription of ICS and BZD and suggested the need for more comprehensive clinical studies to assess this interaction."

Adverse events • Journal • Asthma • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • CNS Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Mental Retardation • Pneumonia • Psychiatry • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Managing a Complex Case of Bipolar Disorder in a Patient With Recurrent Hospitalizations. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Throughout his admission he demonstrated extreme episodes of agitation, making threats of physical violence towards staff, attempting self-injury, behaving violently towards others, and displaying impulsivity as well as grandiosity despite receiving his long-acting injectable neuroleptic medication just three weeks prior to his hospitalization. Scheduled medication treatment during his inpatient hospitalization included a combination of risperidone, thorazine, divalproex sodium, mirtazapine, clonazepam, and temazepam. This clinical case underscores the importance of recognizing both typical and atypical presentations of manic episodes in BD-1 as well as the challenges involved in the treatment of a patient with severe and refractory symptoms requiring frequent hospitalizations."

Journal • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Depression • Fatigue • Mental Retardation • Psychiatry • Suicidal Ideation

Site specific binding pattern of benzodiazepines with GABAA receptor and related impact on their activities in the human body: An in silico method based study. (PubMed, Heliyon) - "It is commonly seen that Bromazepam, Clonazepam, and, Alprazolam are prescribed for the treatment of anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and phobias. On the other hand, Midazolam, Temazepam, Flurazepam, and Nitrazepam are indicated for the treatment of insomnia and Lorazepam is considered as a drug having anticonvulsant effects...This reveal will help design new molecules with the highest beneficial effect and lowest toxicity in the body. The in silico method provides the initial level of understanding regarding the binding patterns, performing in vitro and in vivo experiments will be more specific to claim the benefits of newly designed drugs."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Postoperative use of sleep aids and delirium in older adults after major surgery: A retrospective cohort study. (PubMed, J Am Geriatr Soc) - "Melatonin receptor agonists were not associated with a lower risk of postoperative delirium and other adverse outcomes compared with zolpidem and temazepam in older adults after major surgery."

Journal • Retrospective data • Surgery • CNS Disorders • Geriatric Disorders • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Nonclinical Studies Of Abuse Potential With Dual Orexin-Receptor Antagonists: Concordance With Real-World Use (CNSF 2024) - "Abuse potential may be better represented by nonclinical studies and national surveillance systems, suggesting DORAs may not pose meaningful abuse potential and related risks."

Clinical • Discordant • Real-world • Real-world evidence • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder