cefuroxime axetil / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Cefuroxime axetil dosing regimens and probability of target attainment in adults and children. (PubMed, Br J Clin Pharmacol) - "Our analysis provides insight into the performance of different doses and dosing regimens for cefuroxime axetil for key pathogens. As resistance patterns evolve, and differ between countries or regions, cefuroxime doses may require adjustments considering local bacterial susceptibility."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

Rising Threats and Evolving Trends: Five Years of Urinary Tract Infection Prevalence in a Portuguese Hospital. (PubMed, Clin Pract) - "For E. coli, resistance ranged from 2% (amikacin) to 41% (ampicillin), with increasing resistance to ertapenem and fosfomycin and decreasing resistance to several key antibiotics...pneumoniae showed 4-36% resistance across antimicrobials, with notable increases for fosfomycin, meropenem, and cefuroxime axetil...Identified risk factors may inform targeted prevention strategies. Ongoing surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship are crucial to mitigate the rising burden of UTIs and resistance."

Journal • Diabetes • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pneumonia

'Unlocking the potential of cefuroxime axetil metal complexes: a multifaceted approach to discovering β-glucosidase inhibitors through MD simulations, POM analyses, and pharmacophore site identification'. (PubMed, J Biomol Struct Dyn) - "MD simulations unveiled a robust binding affinity between the inhibitors and the active site of β-glucosidase, inducing notable structural conformational alterations within the protein. Conclusively, These metal complexes have a greater capacity to block β-glucosidase activity than standard drugs, as evidenced by their binding energy and interaction pattern inside the active pocket, making them a better drug candidate."

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Variation of healthcare associated infections at a tertiary hospital in Southwest China over a 5-year period (2019-2023): a retrospective observational study. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - "The incidence rates of HAIs fluctuated over the years, peaking in 2019, suggesting potential shifts in infection control dynamics. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii were the predominant pathogens, and tigecycline may be considered as a potential option against these pathogens. The study highlights the importance of enhancing infection control measures in high-risk departments and sites, optimizing antibiotic stewardship, and continuously monitoring HAI trends to inform evidence-based infection control policies."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia

PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION CAUSED BY MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT BACTERIA AMONG CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS (ESPID 2025) - "Resistance rate to ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, nitrofurantoin, cefuroxime-axetil, and cefuroxime-sodium was 33.8%, 12.4%, 9.4%, 3.9%, 3.2%, and 2.5%, respectively, and 6.8% [95% CI (4.84-9.37)] were MDR bacteria. Conclusions/Learning Points The prevalence of MDR Gram-negative uropathogens was low, with recent antibiotic treatment being the main risk factor. No difference was found in LOS and costs of UTI hospitalizations caused by MDR and non-MDR bacteria."

Clinical • Infectious Disease

Successful Treatment of Pyogenic Liver Abscess Caused by Klebsiella Pneumoniae Using Antibiotics Alone: A Case Report. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "Despite unsuccessful drainage, the patient received 22 days of intravenous anti-infective treatment with meropenem, levofloxacin, and cefoperazone/sulbactam. After discharge, the patient continued oral treatment with levofloxacin and cefuroxime axetil for another 21 days until the abscess completely disappeared. The PLA took a total of 48 d from detection to complete resolution."

Journal • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Exploring potential drug-drug interactions in discharge prescriptions: ChatGPT's effectiveness in assessing those interactions. (PubMed, Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm) - "The most frequent major interaction was between Cefuroxime Axetil and Pantoprazole Sodium. pDDIs are prevalent in internal medicine discharge prescriptions, with polypharmacy heightening the risk. While ChatGPT 4.0 accurately identifies pDDI occurrence, its limitations in predicting severity, onset, and documentation underscore healthcare professionals' need for careful oversight."

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Antibiotic resistance in community-acquired urinary tract infections. Did the COVID-19 pandemic cause a change? (PubMed, J Infect Dev Ctries) - "Ceftriaxone and Cefixime resistance rates and ESBL positivity among the uropathogens E. coli and K. pneumoniae increased during the pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period. ESBL positivity was higher in males."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Synthesis, Characterization, Bioavailability and Antimicrobial Studies of Cefuroxime-Based Organic Salts and Ionic Liquids. (PubMed, Pharmaceutics) - "Cefuroxime is usually administered in its prodrug form, cefuroxime axetil...Cefuroxime organic salts have a water solubility 8-to-200-times greater than the original drug at 37 °C. The most soluble compounds have a very low octanol-water partition, similar to cefuroxime, while more lipophilic salts partition predominantly to the organic phase."

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Development of bacterial resistance in Germany from 2008 to 2022 - major culprit pathogens, antibacterial drugs, and prescribing practices. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "We identified cefuroxime axetil, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and nitrofurantoin as the most problematic drugs. In aggregate, our findings support irrational prescribing behaviour and underscore the urgent need for improved prescribing practices to counter rising bacterial resistance in Germany. Moreover, therapeutic guidelines for bacterial infections, the "holy grail" of pharmacotherapy, must be updated more frequently."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of 687 Escherichia coli Isolates from Urinary Tract Infection in Brazil (AAP-NCE 2024) - "E.coli is still highly susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate (84%), piperacillin-tazobactam (95%), second-generation cephalosporin (cefuroxime axetil-91%, cefuroxime-94%), third-generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone-95%), fourth-generation cephalosporin (cefepime-96%), aminoglycoside (gentamicin-93%, amikacin-99%), carbapenems (meropenem-100%, ertapenem-100%), nitrofurantoin (97%), fosfomycin (100%) and fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin-88%, ciprofloxacin-90%). E.coli isolates from Brazilian patients younger than 15 years old with UTI have low susceptibility to cotrimoxazole, ampicillin, cefalotin, and nalidixic acid. E.coli isolates from Brazilian patients younger than 15 years old with UTI have low susceptibility to cotrimoxazole, ampicillin, cefalotin, and nalidixic acid. Second-generation cephalosporins and amoxicillin-clavulanate are appropriate empiric antibiotic choices to treat uncomplicated febrile UTIs. Nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin are suitable oral alternatives..."

Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pediatrics

Daily defined dose-costs have a stronger influence on antibacterial drug prescriptions in Germany than bacterial resistance: economic factors are more important than scientific evidence. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "Our data point to irrational prescribing behavior for amoxicillin, cefuroxime axetil, doxycycline, nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, and clarithromycin. For amoxicillin clavulanic acid and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, data point to semi-rational prescribing...It will be important to conduct similar studies on the prescription of antibacterial drugs in other countries. It will also be important to study the relation between DDD-costs and -prescriptions for other drug classes and assess the scientific basis for these relations."

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Clinical Trial Comparing Oral Versus Intravenous Cefuroxime in Pregnant Women with Pyelonephritis (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=100 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Nephrology

Pediatric urinary tract infection pathogens and antibiotic resistance rates (ESPN 2024) - "In our study, ampicillin resistance was 77.2%, amoxicillinclavulanate 57.5%. Resistance rates of frequently used cephalosporins were cefixime 43.2%, cefuroxime axetil 51.7%, ceftriaxone 40.4%, and cefepime 7.5%. TMP-SMX resistance rate was 51%, nitrofurantoin 23.2%, ciprofloxacin 33.9%, amikacin 17%, gentamicin 21.8%. The lowest resistance rate was shown in the carbapenem group (meropenem 1.5%, ertapenem 1.7%)... In recent years, antibiotic resistance is increasing worldwide due to unnecessary and inappropriate antibiotic use, becoming a significant public health issue. Similarly, in our study, it is observed that pathogens with multidrug resistance are rapidly increasing, and there is a frightening rise in antibiotic resistance rates. Each country, city, and even each unit should review its resistance profile at certain intervals due to varying antibiotic resistance rates, determine current resistance rates, and minimize possible treatment failures by reviewing empiric..."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pediatrics • Pneumonia • Renal Disease

Clinical Importance and Microbiological Profile of Staphylococcus lugdunensis in Skin Infections (ESDR 2024) - "The majority of patients (65%) received systemic antibiotics, predominantly amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime axetil, and doxycycline. All isolates were susceptible to several antibiotics, though resistance to penicillin (28.5%) and clindamycin (36%) was observed...lugdunensis is a significant pathogen in skin infections, capable of causing severe disease. Continued monitoring and antimicrobial stewardship are essential to manage resistance and ensure effective treatment."

Clinical • Acne Vulgaris • Dermatology • Hidradenitis Suppurativa • Immunology • Infectious Disease

Clinical Significance and Microbiological Characteristics of Staphylococcus lugdunensis in Cutaneous Infections. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "The majority of patients (65%) received systemic antibiotics, predominantly amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime axetil, and doxycycline, with a cure rate of 100%. All isolates were susceptible to several antibiotics, though resistance to penicillin (28.5%) and clindamycin (36%) was observed...The high cure rate demonstrates the effectiveness of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Continued monitoring and antimicrobial stewardship are essential to manage resistance and ensure effective treatment."

Journal • Acne Vulgaris • Dermatology • Hidradenitis Suppurativa • Immunology • Infectious Disease

Clinical Trial Comparing Oral Versus Intravenous Cefuroxime in Pregnant Women With Pyelonephritis (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=100 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre

New P4 trial • Nephrology

DDD-costs have a strong influence on antibacterial drug prescription in Germany: a differentiated correlation analysis from 1985 to 2022. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "Our findings revealed significant correlations between DDD-prescriptions and -costs for nearly all drugs over the entire period (1985-2022), with strong negative correlations for amoxicillin (- 0.941), cefuroxime axetil (- 0.900), clindamycin (- 0.800), nitrofurantoin (- 0.895), and cefaclor (- 0.819)...In 2012-2022, significant correlations included both negative and positive, with strong positive correlations for ciprofloxacin (0.950) and clarithromycin (0.962)...Notably, amoxicillin, amoxicillin clavulanic acid, and nitrofurantoin consistently exhibited strong cost-prescription correlations throughout the entire period. While correlation does not imply causation, the significant and strong correlations, coupled with logical explanations, support the hypothesis that costs are a primary factor in prescribing patterns. Further research is needed to establish causality and examine other potential systemic factors affecting antibacterial drug prescriptions."

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Green synthesis of chitosan-encapsulated CuO nanocomposites for efficient degradation of cephalosporin antibiotics in contaminated water. (PubMed, Environ Sci Pollut Res Int) - "The synthesis and characterization of chitosan encapsulated copper oxide nanocomposites (CuNPs) using plant extracts for the photocatalytic degradation of second-generation antibiotics, cefixime and cefuroxime, were investigated...Recycling studies confirmed the sustainability of the Cu nanocomposites, maintaining over 89% degradation rate after five consecutive cycles. This research underscores the potential of green-synthesized CuNPs as efficient, stable photocatalysts for the degradation of harmful antibiotics, contributing to environmental sustainability and public health protection."

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The effect of fluoride varnish application on colour change due to paediatric drug usage in polyacid-modified composite resin: an in vitro study. (PubMed, Eur Arch Paediatr Dent) - "It is thought that fluoride varnish application may be beneficial as a preservative in the colour change of polyacid-modified composite resins due to the use of various paediatric drugs, and this protective feature may be effective for a specific period of time."

Journal • Preclinical • Pediatrics

Local Antimicrobial Resistance Trends in Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection: The Importance of Local Surveillance of a Global Problem. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Klebsiella pneumoniae had an increase in resistance to cefuroxime axetil (0%-27.50%) and nitrofurantoin (0%-47.50%). The three microorganisms showed a decrease in trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance profiles, as well as low resistance profiles to fosfomycin...Conclusion There was a significant increase in antimicrobial resistance profiles, especially to amoxicillin-clavulanate. Cefuroxime axetil remains the recommended antibiotic for empirical therapy in this hospital, although fosfomycin should be considered as an alternative in non-complicated cystitis in adolescent females. This study reinforces the importance of continuous local resistance surveillance as a preventive measure against the global increase in antimicrobial resistance."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pediatrics • Pneumonia

Differences in Anaphylaxis Reporting Among Cephalosporins: Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database (AAAAI 2024) - "Top parenteral cephalosporins associated with anaphylaxis were cefazolin (n=346;PRR=55.65), cefoxitin (37;36.67), cefuroxime (423;31), ceftriaxone (367;13.13), and cefotaxime (34;8.96) and top oral cephalosporins were cefadroxil (n=29;PRR=27.03), cefuroxime-axetil (136;26.22), cefaclor(46;18.64), cephalexin (188;12.20) and cefprozil (8;11.75). In our review of FAERS data, we uncovered important themes and trends in reports of cephalosporin-associated anaphylaxis. Intravenous cephalosporins are disproportionately reported to be associated with anaphylaxis compared to oral cephalosporins and may therefore, represent a higher priority for standardized testing approaches."

Adverse events • Allergy • Immunology

Early-life antibiotic exposure promotes house dust mite-induced allergic airway inflammation by impacting gut microbiota and lung lipid metabolism. (PubMed, Int Immunopharmacol) - "Cefixime (CFX) promoted a biased type 2 inflammation, azithromycin (AZM) enhanced Th17 immune response, and cefuroxime axetil (CFA) induced eosinophils recruitment. Lipidomic also suggested allergic airway inflammation amplified by CFX is closely associated with abnormal lipid metabolism in lung tissues. Moreover, abnormalities in lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) were found to have cellular heterogeneity be associated with asthma severity by bioinformatics analysis."

Journal • Allergy • Asthma • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Full trisomy 14 in one of bichorionic biamniotic twins. (PubMed, Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol) - "By the 12th week of pregnancy, she had hyperemesis gravidarum and one episode of bleeding due to which progesterone supplementation was prescribed. Due to asymptomatic bacteriuria, she took cefuroxime axetil in the 13th week of pregnancy and azithromycin in the 15th week due to cervicitis with ureaplasma urealyticum."

Journal • Obstetrics • Rare Diseases

Epidemiological, Genetic, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Young Children, as Obtained from a Tertiary Hospital in Guangzhou, China. (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "The predominant resistance spectrum presents as tetracycline-ampicillin-chloramphenicol-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (30.49%, 50/164). The antimicrobial resistance rates (2.4%, 9.8%, 9.8%, 10.4%, 9.1%, and 3.7%, respectively) of cephalosporins (cefepime, cefuroxime, cefuroxime axetil, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and cefoxitin) were low. Therefore, continued surveillance of the prevalence and MDR profiles of NTS, along with the rational use antibiotics, is required. This protocol is significant for preventing further dissemination of NTS and formulating effective prevention and control strategies."

Journal • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease