citicoline / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

The efficacy of different doses of citicoline in improving the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke based on network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "Notably, 500 mg citicoline and 2,000 mg citicoline not only demonstrate higher rates of improvement in neurological function and daily living activities but also have lower mortality and ineffective results. However, this study does not specify the best one of the two dosages."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke

Biological and Pharmacological Enhancement of Regeneration in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury. (PubMed, Indian J Orthop) - "To compare the efficacy of multiple bone marrow implantations and co-administration of citicoline to multiple bone marrow implantations alone in the treatment of chronic Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)...The statistically significant increase in FA values recorded in both groups and the post-treatment improvements in DTT and MRI in the BMCT group are imaging evidences of spinal cord regeneration. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-024-01328-8."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Orthopedics • Transplantation

Alterations of static and dynamic changes in intrinsic brain activity and its relation to behavioral outcomes in subcortical ischemic stroke after one-month intervention. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "The objective of this study was to comprehensively investigate potential abnormalities in brain activity among stroke patients before and after one month of intervention (antiplatelet therapy, as well as intravenous citicoline)...In combination, this study demonstrates that a comprehensive understanding of abnormal activity and its longitudinal changes in ischemic stroke can be achieved by integrating static and dynamic imaging methods. Regions showing significant overlap among different brain activity indicators and exhibiting consistent image-behavior relationships may have some potential values for predicting clinical outcomes."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Cognitive Disorders • Ischemic stroke

Cognitive impairment in asthenic disorders (PubMed, Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova) - "The role of cognitive control impairment in the development of adaptation disorders and the formation of asthenic conditions is considered. The results of studies of the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy for asthenic disorders are presented."

Journal • Review • Alzheimer's Disease • Cognitive Disorders • Fatigue • Infectious Disease

Cognitive Effects of Citicoline on Attention in Healthy Mean and Women (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=148 | Completed | Sponsor: Kirin Holdings Company, Limited | Recruiting ➔ Completed | N=90 ➔ 148

Enrollment change • Trial completion

Neuroprotection beyond intraocular pressure: game changer or quiet addiction. (PubMed, Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol) - "While promising neuroprotective agents, such as citicoline and nicotinamide, have been explored for their potential to mitigate neurodegeneration in glaucoma, robust clinical evidence validating their efficacy remains limited and there is a need for further large-scale, long-term studies to substantiate the neuroprotective effects of these agents...Neuroprotection is an emerging area of research, with strategies focusing on alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. A reassessment of clinical endpoints and methodologies in neuroprotection research is critical to better evaluate the efficacy of these therapies in glaucoma and AMD."

Journal • Review • Age-related Macular Degeneration • CNS Disorders • Glaucoma • Inflammation • Macular Degeneration • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Psychiatry • Retinal Disorders

Supplemental Citicoline Administration to Reduce Lung Injury Efficacy Trial (SCARLET) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=80 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Ohio State University | Recruiting ➔ Active, not recruiting

Enrollment closed • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases • CRP

Evaluate the Effects of Citicoline on Cognitive Performance in Healthy Adults (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=90 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Kirin Holdings Company, Limited

New trial

Choline metabolism in ischemic stroke: An underappreciated "two-edged sword". (PubMed, Pharmacol Res) - "Although choline and its metabolites exhibit a protective effect, excessive intake and increases in some metabolites may confer risk, suggesting the need to carefully balance dietary choline intake. The purpose of this review is to integrate the existing research results and provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the mechanism, prognosis evaluation and clinical intervention of choline metabolism in ischemic IS, hoping to provide a new perspective and enlightenment for the formulation of effective stroke prevention and treatment strategies, and promote a comprehensive understanding of heart and brain health and optimize intervention methods."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Inflammation • Ischemic stroke

Prospective randomised controlled observation of tympanic chamber injection of gangliosides in the treatment of refractory sudden deafness (PubMed, Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi) - "Both groups were simultaneously administered oral ginkgo biloba extract and citicoline tablets...The combination of postauricular injection of methylprednisolone and intratympanic injection of ganglioside is more effective than postauricular injection of methylprednisolone alone in the treatment of refractory sudden deafness. The earlier the treatment, the better the therapeutic effect."

Clinical • Journal • Otorhinolaryngology

Multimodal Morpho-functional Study in Glaucoma Patients-Citicoline Oral Solution (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=29 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Fondazione G.B. Bietti, IRCCS | Recruiting ➔ Active, not recruiting | N=60 ➔ 29 | Trial completion date: Apr 2024 ➔ Jul 2025

Enrollment change • Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Glaucoma • Ophthalmology

Structure-based discovery of dual-target inhibitors of the helicase from bagaza virus. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "Molecular docking, mutation analysis, isothermal calorimetry (ITC) and the ATPase activity assay demonstrated that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and other top three screened compounds (Quercitrin, Citicoline sodium, Isochlorogenic acid C), showed binding affinities for both the NTP binding site and the RNA binding site of BAGV helicase, and inhibited the ATPase activity of the helicase. Taken together, our discovery of dual-target inhibitors provides a viable strategy for advancing innovative therapies against BAGV, as well as other flaviviruses."

Journal • CNS Disorders

Can the combination of citicoline and vitamin B12 be beneficial in the healing of corneal nerves after corneal cross-linking? (PubMed, Int Ophthalmol) - "The use of OMK2 eye drop after CXL may provide more stable CNFA. In addition, it may also provide faster recovery in CCT."

Clinical • Journal • Ophthalmology

The synergistic effects of citicoline and silymarin on liver injury and thyroid hormone disturbances in γ-irradiated rats. (PubMed, Mol Biol Rep) - "Citicoline mitigates γ-radiation-induced liver damage by reducing oxidative stress, activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, and modulating thyroid hormone metabolism. These findings support the use of citicoline as a safe standalone treatment or as an adjuvant with silymarin for managing liver damage and thyroid hormone disturbances caused by γ-irradiation."

Journal • Preclinical • Endocrine Disorders • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Oncology • IL1B • TNFA

Evaluate the Effects of Citicoline on Cognitive Performance in Healthy Adults (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=90 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Kirin Holdings Company, Limited | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open

Neuroprotective Effect of the Combination of Citicoline and CoQ10 in a Mouse Model of Ocular Hypertension. (PubMed, Antioxidants (Basel)) - "The citicoline + CoQ10 compound used in the laser-citicoline + CoQ10 group demonstrated (1) an ocular hypotensive effect only at 24 h post-laser; (2) prevention of Brn3a+ RGC death in OHT eyes; and (3) no changes in NeuN+ neurons in the dLGN. This study demonstrates that the oral administration of the citicoline + CoQ10 combination may exert a neuroprotective effect against RGC death in an established rodent model of OHT."

Journal • Preclinical • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Glaucoma • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Retinal Protection of New Nutraceutical Formulation. (PubMed, Pharmaceutics) - "This study assessed the neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effect of a new nutraceutical formulation named Epicolin, based on citicoline, homotaurine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, forskolin, and vitamins, through in vitro and in vivo studies...Finally, Epicolin treatment on DBA/2J mice protected the RGCs from loss of function, as demonstrated by PERG analysis, and attenuated their death by enhancing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and reducing interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression. Epicolin, due to its neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, represents a promising potential treatment for glaucoma."

Journal • CNS Tumor • Glaucoma • Neuroblastoma • Oncology • Ophthalmology • Solid Tumor • BDNF • HIF1A • IL1B • TNFA

Improving Sleep and AD Biomarkers (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=100 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Emory University | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 ➔ Jul 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 ➔ Jul 2025

Biomarker • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Aβ42

Comparative efficacy of neuroprotective agents for improving neurological function and prognosis in acute ischemic stroke: a network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Neurosci) - "The interventions assessed included Cerebrolysin, Citicoline, Edaravone, Edaravone Dextranol, Human urinary kallidinogenase, Minocycline, Nerinetide, Butylphthalide, Vinpocetine, and Control. To further validate the efficacy and safety of neuroprotective agents, future studies should involve larger sample sizes and conduct multicenter, large-scale randomized controlled trials. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=601346, identifier CRD42024601346."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio: A simple and accurate biomarker for the prognosis of patients with intracerebral bleeding, a study of 115 cases. (PubMed, Surg Neurol Int) - "The most common neuroprotective therapy used in hemorrhagic stroke is the combination of citicoline and mecobalamin...At present, no ICH therapy can reduce complications and improve the physical and mental condition of ICH patients. Therefore, further research is needed to find an effective therapy for ICH."

Biomarker • Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • Hematological Disorders • Ischemic stroke • Psychiatry

Dementia Care Practice. (PubMed, Alzheimers Dement) - "The present case report shows the need for wise prescriptions in very old people. Drug-induced symptoms are the second most frequent medical problem that geriatricians encounter and collaboration with nurses can help to optimize pharmacotherapy by deprescribing inappropriate agents."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • Anorexia • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Congestive Heart Failure • Dementia • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Heart Failure • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Renal Disease • Rheumatology

Identification of RdRp-NiRAN/JAK1 Dual-Target Drugs for COVID-19 Treatment. (PubMed, J Phys Chem B) - "Based on the MDCC method combined with molecular dynamics simulations, Azvudine and Citicoline among these 31 drugs showed stronger predicted binding affinities with the NiRAN domain as well as JAK1 compared to the reference drug Remdesivir. Further experimental verification, including a thermal shift assay and homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assay, demonstrated that Azvudine was an RdRp-NiRAN/JAK1 dual-target drug. This work provided a previously unexplored mechanism of Azvudine for COVID-19 treatment and proposed a design concept for RdRp-NiRAN/JAK1 dual-target nucleoside drugs."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases • JAK1

Efficacy analysis of neuroprotective drugs in patients with acute ischemic stroke based on network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "The total sample size was 18,423 cases and included nine interventions: citicoline, edaravone (EDV), edaravone dexborneol, cinepazide maleate, cerebrolysin, minocycline, ginkgolide, ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine (GDLM), and conventional (CON) treatment. Moreover, ginkgolide, EDV, edaravone dexborneol, and GDLM treatment schemes revealed not only a high total treatment effective rate but also a low rate of treatment inefficacy. When considering the combination of the total treatment effective rate with adverse effect, EDV, ginkgolide, and edaravone dexborneol were revealed as the safest and most effective."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke

Central retinal artery occlusion following surgery for thyroid eye disease: A case report. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "Retinal vascular obstruction is a serious threat to vision; therefore, early detection and treatment are very important."

Journal • Surgery • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders • Thyroid Eye Disease

Preclinical evidence for the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of citicoline and imipramine in the sciatic nerve-ligated mice. (PubMed, IBRO Neurosci Rep) - "Furthermore, when co-administered with imipramine, citicoline potentiates imipramine effects. Injection of citicoline (as a dietary supplement) along with imipramine improved the effectiveness of imipramine for the management of anxiety- and depressive-like responses in nerve-ligated mice."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Depression • Neuralgia • Pain • Psychiatry