Ervebo (recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) expressing the envelope glycoprotein of Ebola Virus Zaire) / Lumos Pharma, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Merck (MSD) - LARVOL DELTA

Ebola Virus Disease in the Era of One Health and Global Preparedness: Evolving Epidemiology, Genomic Surveillance, and Future Challenges. (PubMed, Infect Dis Rep) - "Vaccination, particularly ring vaccination with rVSV-ZEBOV, has shown high effectiveness against Zaire ebolavirus, yet vaccine equity gaps and the absence of licensed vaccines for Sudan virus and Bundibugyo virus remain critical vulnerabilities, though new candidate vaccines and therapeutics for Bundibugyo virus entered clinical evaluation in mid-2026...Sustainable, multi-year financing, diversified vaccine platforms, regional manufacturing, and local co-design of digital tools are essential to translate lessons into lasting change. Preparedness is best understood as a continuous process rather than a reactive state."

Journal • Review • Ebola Virus Disease • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease

A self-adjuvant trivalent T4 bacteriophage nanoparticle vaccine induces broad protective immunity against Orthoebolaviruses. (PubMed, Antiviral Res) - "Furthermore, the optimized trivalent T4-Mix formulation provided complete protection against rVSV-EBOV, rVSV-SUDV, and rVSV-BDBV challenges. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the T4 bacteriophage functions as both an antigen delivery vehicle and an intrinsic immunostimulatory scaffold, highlighting its potential as a versatile platform for the development of broadly protective multivalent orthoebolavirus vaccines."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis with a monoclonal antibody cocktail Following Bundibugyo Ebolavirus Exposure in Adults and Children. (PubMed, Nat Med) - "Five individuals from a single-family cluster, one rVSV-ZEBOV-vaccinated adult and four unvaccinated children aged 1-7 years, received investigational MBP134 as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) 5-6 days after high- to intermediate-risk occupational or household exposure to Bundibugyo ebolavirus (BDBV)...Notably, endogenous BDBV-reactive IgM and IgA were detected in the adult following high-risk exposure despite persistently negative PCR results. Together, these findings support prospective evaluation of MBP134 as PEP for high-risk adult and pediatric contacts during BDBV outbreaks."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

The 2026 Bundibugyo Ebola Outbreak: A Warning for Global Preparedness for Future Epidemics. (PubMed, Iran Biomed J) - "While the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine has played a significant role in controlling Zaire ebolavirus, there is no licensed vaccine for BDBV...Investing in health infrastructure, developing Pan-Ebolavirus vaccines, strengthening laboratories, expanding the One-Health approach, and supporting research on emerging zoonotic pathogens must be at the top of global health security priorities. Otherwise, the BDBV outbreak may be just a prelude to larger crises to come."

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Malaria • Rare Diseases

Cross-reactive Bundibugyo antibody responses in Guinean survivors of Ebola virus and recipients of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP (Ervebo) in an outbreak setting. (PubMed, Lancet Infect Dis) - No abstract available

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

Ring and community vaccination for Bundibugyo virus outbreak response: a stochastic network modelling study. (PubMed, Lancet Infect Dis) - "Strengthened case finding, contact tracing, and isolation averted most deaths even without vaccination. Once these operations were strong, reactive ring vaccination added a modest further benefit, whereas rapid community vaccination produced the largest reductions in simulated scenarios but required substantially more doses. A partially protective BDBV vaccine's population-level value will depend principally on rapid, broad delivery."

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

A Lethal Pseudofilovirus Model in Ifnar1(-/-) Mice Using Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Viruses. (PubMed, Viruses) - "We performed dose-dependent lethality assessment in small groups to estimate median lethal doses for rVSV-EBOV-GP, rVSV-SUDV-GP, rVSV-BDBV-GP, rVSV-MARV-GP in Ifnar1-knockout mice and showed high viral load in liver and immune cell reservoirs. The developed models contribute to safe and effective research of filoviral vaccines and therapeutic antibodies under BSL-2 conditions."

Journal • Preclinical • Ebola Virus Disease • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • IFNAR1

Bundibugyo virus glycoprotein seroreactivity following recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-Zaire Ebola virus glycoprotein vaccination in outbreak-affected populations of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a longitudinal cohort study. (PubMed, Lancet) - "The differing patterns of BDBV glycoprotein seroreactivity observed between Beni and Mbandaka warrant further investigation into the epidemiological and immunological factors associated with this seroreactivity, including the epidemiological significance of baseline seroreactivity observed before vaccination. To our knowledge, these findings provide the first longitudinal human data describing BDBV glycoprotein seroreactivity following licensed Ebola virus disease vaccination in populations living in regions now affected by the current outbreak of disease caused by BDBV. They add to the growing body of human evidence describing cross-reactive antibody responses following licensed Ebola virus disease vaccination and support rigorous clinical evaluation of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP during the ongoing outbreak while BDBV-specific vaccines continue to be developed."

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

Developing and Characterizing a Murine Model of In Utero Transmission of Ebola Virus. (PubMed, bioRxiv) - "We utilized interferon α/β receptor knock out mice infected and authentic EBOV or the model virus, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus encoding EBOV glycoprotein (rVSV/EBOV)...These studies establish an infectious model that provides EBOV trafficking and pathogenesis insights during pregnancy. This model provides key insights into how viral trafficking and maternal immune responses drive adverse fetal outcomes during gestational Ebola virus infection."

Journal • Preclinical • Ebola Virus Disease • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease

Multiplex pan-filovirus assay performance and reproducibility across varied geographical and resource settings. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Additionally, 907 samples were tested in DRC before and after vaccination with a prophylactic EVD vaccine, ERVEBO...Longitudinal analysis detected increased EBOV GP reactivity following vaccination, while reactivity to non-vaccine filovirus antigens remained stable, consistent with minimal cross-reactivity in a vaccinated cohort. These findings suggest that this pan-filovirus MIA produces reproducible results across distinct laboratory settings and may serve as a useful tool for comparative serologic investigations, serosurveillance, and evaluation of EBOV vaccine-associated antibody responses."

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

Safety and immunogenicity of one or two doses of the rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola virus vaccine in adults and adolescents living with HIV: a phase 2, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. (PubMed, Lancet HIV) - P2 | "A single dose of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP is highly immunogenic in people living with HIV on ART with an undetectable viral load, with a tolerable safety profile. A two-dose regimen in a subset of participating adolescents and adults showed a significant boosting at day 28, with no increase in reactogenicity compared with the first dose."

Journal • P2 data • Ebola Virus Disease • Fatigue • Hematological Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Orthopedics • Pain • Rheumatology • CD4

Closing Critical Gaps in the 2026 Bundibugyo Ebola Response: Five Actionable Priorities. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Fourth, ring vaccination strategies with recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-Zaire Ebola virus (rVSV-ZEBOV) as a post-exposure intervention should be explored, given the potential for cross-protection against BDBV...Together, these recommendations highlight actionable, scalable steps that can be implemented quickly through existing systems and out-of-the-box solutions. Filling these key gaps could significantly affect the outcome of this current outbreak and enhance regional and global preparedness for future ebolavirus outbreaks."

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

Ebola virus disease: A persistent challenge in global health security. (PubMed, Open Vet J) - "Current EVD prevention and control efforts focus on a One Health approach, the implementation of stringent biosafety standards, the use of the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine, and the development of monoclonal antibody-based antiviral therapies. This review reviews the latest developments in EVD pathogenesis, epidemiology, and mitigation strategies to strengthen preparedness for potential future outbreaks."

Journal • Review • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain

When it could have been prevented: A maternal death from postpartum hemorrhage due to genital tract lesions complicated by urinary fistula in an Ebola treatment unit in DR Congo. (PubMed, BMC Pregnancy Childbirth) - "In cases of Ebola in pregnancy, not all maternal deaths due to post-partum hemorrhage are necessarily due to EVD and, therefore, could be averted with resources to provide specialized obstetric and post-partum care."

Journal • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Ebola Virus Disease • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Obstetrics • Postpartum Hemorrhage

Antibodies Cross-Reactive with Bundibugyo Virus in Ferrets Vaccinated with Ebola Virus Vaccine. (PubMed, Emerg Infect Dis) - "Banked serum samples from ferrets previously immunized with the Ebola virus vaccine revealed a prominent but limited humoral immune response that cross-reacted with Bundibugyo virus. The supporting immunogenicity data we report may help guide the ongoing response to the current outbreak of Bundibugyo virus in the Democratic Republic of the Congo."

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

Immunogenicity of Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Vaccine for Ebola-Zaire (rVSV∆G-ZEBOV-GP Vaccine) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=248 | Completed | Sponsor: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) | N=99 ➔ 248

Enrollment change • Dental Disorders • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease • Stomatitis

PREPARE: Immunity Induced by VSV-EBOV and Assessment of a Booster Dose in Individuals at Potential Occupational Risk for Exposure (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=0 | Withdrawn | Sponsor: Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf | N=70 ➔ 0 | Not yet recruiting ➔ Withdrawn

Enrollment change • Trial withdrawal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

REVIVE (Response to the Ebola Virus Vaccine) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=40 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Tulane University | Recruiting ➔ Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: May 2026 ➔ Nov 2026 | Trial primary completion date: May 2026 ➔ Nov 2026

Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Dental Disorders • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease • Stomatitis

Post-exposure prophylaxis against Ebola virus: arguments for expanding the role of monoclonal antibodies in a context of limited access (PubMed, Med Trop Sante Int) - "While Ebola virus disease (EVD) remains a major threat, recent advances have led to the approval of several medical products, in particular the rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine (Ervebo) and two monoclonal antibody treatments, mAb114 (Ebanga) and REGN-EB3 (Inmazeb)...Finally, an emergency stockpile of monoclonal antibodies and improved contact tracing are essential to strengthen the response to epidemics. Despite the limitations of current data, monoclonal antibodies should be considered a priority option for PEP after high-risk exposure."

Journal • Review • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

Confirming ERVEBO Vaccination to Support Ebola Virus Surveillance. (PubMed, Emerg Infect Dis) - "In samples collected after a ring vaccination campaign in Guinea, combined sGP and VSV-P-N positivity confirmed vaccination in 94.8% of persons with written and 90.8% of persons with verbal confirmation of vaccination history. Our findings show that sGP and VSV-P-N provide a reliable signature of ERVEBO vaccination and support improved Ebola surveillance."

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease • Stomatitis

EBOSURV: Surveillance of Vaccine-induced Immunity Against Ebola in Previously Vaccinated Health Care Workers (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=133 | Completed | Sponsor: Institute of Tropical Medicine, Belgium | Recruiting ➔ Completed | N=245 ➔ 133

Enrollment change • Trial completion • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

Glycoprotein-specific transcriptional response contributes to differential vaccine protection against lethal Ebola virus infection. (PubMed, Vaccine) - "During the 2018-2020 Ebola outbreak, the VSV-Kik vaccine, known as ERVEBO, was administered to lower-risk individuals at a 5-fold dose reduction of the standard 2 × 107 PFU to provide broader population protection...On the other hand, VSV-Mak only provided partial protection and induced minimal transcriptional response. These results highlight a glycoprotein-specific transcriptional response after vaccination despite the high EBOV variant homology."

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

Global Health Preparedness Frameworks and Recombinant Vaccine Platforms: A Public Health Perspective on Regulations and System Readiness. (PubMed, Vaccines (Basel)) - "Drawing from experiences like COVID-19 (mRNA vaccines) and Ebola (rVSV-ZEBOV), we analyzed the advantages, challenges, and lessons from initiatives such as the CEPI, BARDA, HERA, and WHO frameworks...Recombinant vaccines have redefined preparedness by coupling scientific innovation with operational agility. Strengthening global coordination, regional production capacity, and public trust is essential to ensure that technological progress translates into equitable and effective public health impacts."

Journal • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

EBO-PEP: EBOla Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=160 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases | Initiation date: Oct 2025 ➔ Sep 2026

Trial initiation date • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease

Impact of Delay Between Administration of Inmazeb Administration and Vaccination by Ervebo on Vaccine Immune Response on Healthy Volunteers (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=132 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases | Phase classification: P2a ➔ P2 | Trial completion date: Mar 2023 ➔ Aug 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2023 ➔ Aug 2027

Phase classification • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Ebola Virus Disease • Infectious Disease