acetazolamide / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Stent Implantation Versus Medical Therapy for Idiopathic IntracraniaL Hypertension (SIMPLE) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=74 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Beijing Tiantan Hospital | Trial completion date: Dec 2026 ➔ Mar 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2026 ➔ Jan 2027

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hypertension • Hypotension

ACETAZOLAMIDE AND GROWTH OUTCOMES IN PMM2-CDG: A PAIRED AND MIXED-EFFECTS ANALYSIS (WRMC 2026) - "Acetazolamide did not significantly impact short-term growth outcomes in children with PMM2-CDG. Growth Z-scores remained stable across 6- and 12-month intervals before and after treatment. These findings suggest acetazolamide is growth-neutral in the short term, though longer follow-up and larger cohorts are warranted to confirm safety and evaluate potential delayed effects."

Metabolic Disorders • PMM2

Bypass Beyond Medical Therapy: Outcomes in Chronic Carotid/MCA Occlusion with Misery Perfusion, A Single Center Experience (ISC 2026) - "Inclusion criteria were: chronic carotid/MCA occlusion, failure of maximal medical management defined by use of Dual Antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and Statin, and evidence of misery perfusion or impaired CVR on CT perfusion (CTP) Diamox challenge... In this single-center series, STA–MCA bypass in carefully selected patients with chronic carotid/MCA occlusion and impaired CVR achieved high long-term patency and low stroke recurrence rates. These findings support the role of bypass as a potential treatment option in select medically refractory patients, using specific imaging criteria and comprehensive interdisciplinary approach, warranting a further large scale prospective evaluation."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke

Aggregate Multi-tiered Normalization to Enhance Detection of Impairment in Dynamic BOLD-CVR for Assessment of Hemodynamic Impairment (ISC 2026) - "The following tests the hypothesis that integrated atlas- and subject-based normalization improves identification of CVR impairment.METHODS Twenty-two patients with angiographic unilateral SOD underwent 28 BOLD-CVR studies under provocation with acetazolamide...Among an additional population of nine bilateral SOD subjects, chi-squared distance (Fig 3B) was used to compare CVR in abnormal and normal voxels.RESULTS In unilateral SOD, consistently greater delineation and volume of abnormal voxels and greater asymmetry indices were demonstrated by integrated normalization than by atlas-only assessment (Fig 3A ). Among nine bilateral subjects, chi-squared analysis showed superior discrimination between CVR of abnormal and normal voxels at all thresholds below –1.0, where regions of greater impairment are emphasized (Fig 3B ), based on Z-score risk map thresholds.CONCLUSION Integrated normalization enhances detection of abnormalities in BOLD-CVR, facilitating extension of..."

Cardiovascular

Impaired Cerebrovascular Reactivity Predicts Stroke Risk in Asymptomatic High-Grade Carotid Stenosis or Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (ISC 2026) - "Transcranial Doppler (TCD) was the most frequently used modality to assess CVR, with acetazolamide or CO2 as the vasodilatory stimulus... Impaired CVR is associated with a 3- to 4-fold increased risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke or TIA in patients with high-grade carotid stenosis/occlusion. CVR assessment may help stratify risk and guide individualized management in this population."

Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Hypertension • Ischemic stroke • Metabolic Disorders

Sternberg canal defect and intracranial hypertension: a synergistic etiopathology in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. Illustrative case. (PubMed, J Neurosurg Case Lessons) - "This case highlights the interplay between skull base defects and ICP, including subclinical IIH, in spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea. Surgical repair unmasked symptomatic IIH and dynamic venous sinus stenosis secondary to elevated ICP. Recognizing this pathophysiology enables accurate diagnosis, avoids unnecessary intervention, and guides appropriate management. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25775."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Thrombosis

The Intersection of Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease: Challenges in Co-management. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Recent advances include the nonsteroidal MRA finerenone and SGLT-2 inhibitors, which have demonstrated cardiovascular and renal benefits in patients with mild to moderate CKD, as well as acetazolamide, which has shown short-term efficacy as an adjunctive decongestive therapy in acute HF. However, the safety, efficacy, and clinical relevance of these approaches remain insufficiently defined in advanced CKD and in patients receiving dialysis. Multidisciplinary care models, precision medicine approaches, and digital innovations such as telemedicine and artificial intelligence-driven risk prediction promise to overcome fragmented management and improve patient-centered outcomes. This review highlights current challenges, synthesizes emerging evidence, and outlines future directions for optimizing the co-management of this complex and high-risk population."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Inflammation • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Case Report: Neuroretinitis versus hypertensive retinopathy secondary to Alport syndrome. (PubMed, Front Neurol) - "She was started on acetazolamide 250 mg twice daily and transitioned to hemodialysis...This complex symptom presentation, to our knowledge, has never been described in the context of Alport syndrome. Further research is needed to better understand the relationship between Alport-related renal disease, hypertensive retinopathy, and neuroretinitis."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Macular Edema • Nephrology • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain • Renal Disease • Retinal Disorders • COL4A5

Glucocorticoid-Mediated Astrocytic L-Lactate Release Drives Chronic Postsurgical Pain via Spinal Neuronal Sensitization. (PubMed, Neurochem Res) - "Blockage of glycogenolysis by 4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol (DAB), inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA) by acetazolamide or inhibition of soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) by bithionol prevented SMIR-induced mechanical allodynia and reduced spinal dorsal horn L-lactate levels, implicating a critical role of astrocyte-derived lactate in CPSP development and maintenance...Mechanistically, SMIR elevated plasma glucocorticoid levels, while adrenalectomy (ADX) abolished both SMIR- induced mechanical allodynia and spinal lactate elevation. Collectively, these findings indicate that glucocorticoid receptor signaling drives astrocytic L-lactate release in spinal dorsal horn following SMIR, which promotes spinal neuronal hyperexcitability and contributes to CPSP pathogenesis."

Journal • Immunology • Pain

A Case Report of Carotid Cavernous Fistula: A Commonly Missed Diagnosis. (PubMed, J Educ Teach Emerg Med) - "Emergent surgical decompression was deferred due to chronicity of symptoms, and patient was started on dorzolamide/timolol and brimonidine eye drops as well as intravenous (IV) acetazolamide with subsequent improvement in IOP. This case is a good example of how non-traumatic causes of OCS can lead to misdiagnosis and how surgical decompression could potentially be deferred in subacute OCS. Ocular compartment syndrome, carotid cavernous fistula, eye pain, eye swelling, vision loss."

Journal • Achromatopsia • Ophthalmology • Pain

Severe metabolic alkalosis and hypernatremia induced by excessive sodium bicarbonate intake: A case report and literature review. (PubMed, Am J Emerg Med) - "Excessive sodium bicarbonate ingestion can cause life-threatening complications. Clinicians should be alert to the risks of misuse driven by widely circulating unproven health claims."

Journal • Dyspepsia • Metabolic Disorders

Case Report of Andersen-Tawil Syndrome: Rare Presentation of a Rare Disease. (PubMed, Ann Indian Acad Neurol) - "He was treated with potassium supplementation and later acetazolamide, with no recurrence over 2 years. This case highlights a rare adult-onset presentation of ATS without cardiac or dysmorphic features and a negative family history, contributing to the limited adult ATS literature."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Genetic Disorders • Rare Diseases

Potent Multi-Target Inhibition of Cholinesterases and Carbonic Anhydrases by Iridium(III)-Phenanthroline Derivatives: Integrated Structure-Activity Relationship, Molecular Docking and Anticancer Cell Culture Studies. (PubMed, Drug Dev Res) - "Among the tested compounds, 2a demonstrated exceptional potency with IC50 values of 66.5 ± 9.06 nM for AChE and 26.45 ± 5.00 nM for BChE, significantly outperforming tacrine. Compound 4a also exhibited strong inhibition of hCA I (IC50 = 33.0 ± 7.09 nM) and hCA II (IC50 = 41.79 ± 8.09 nM), surpassing the reference drug acetazolamide...Cell viability assays showed that compounds 1a-4a decreased PC3 prostate cancer cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 10.09, 3.95, 11.39, and 4.51 µM, respectively. This comprehensive study highlights iridium(III) complexes as multitarget therapeutic agents with potent anticholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitory properties, offering promise for treating neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Genito-urinary Cancer • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Pain • Prostate Cancer • Solid Tumor

Add-on Diuretics in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=66 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Tanta University | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

A nuclear CobW/WW-domain factor represses the CO2-concentrating mechanism in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (PubMed, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A) - "Consistently, cbp1 mutants accumulate CAH1 and LCIB proteins and exhibit 40% higher inorganic carbon affinity under high-CO2 conditions; this phenotype is rescued by CBP1 complementation or by acetazolamide treatment...Thus, CBP1 prevents unnecessary CCM activity when CO2 is abundant, acting upstream of both transporter/channel and carbonic anhydrase modules. Our findings suggest a regulatory mechanism potentially linking zinc-dependent protein chemistry to CCM gene repression, providing insights into energy-efficient CO2 sensing in aquatic photosynthetic organisms."

Journal • BST1

Concurrent Presentation of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Bilateral Optic Perineuritis in a Young Boy: A Rare Clinical Entity. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The patient was treated with acetazolamide and corticosteroids, resulting in marked clinical improvement and complete restoration of vision at two-month follow-up...To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in a child. Recognition of this dual pathology is essential for timely diagnosis and effective treatment."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hypertension • Inflammation • Ocular Inflammation • Oncology • Ophthalmology • Optic Neuritis • Pain • Pediatrics

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Presenting With Reversible Hemiparesis: A Rare Stroke Mimic. (PubMed, Cureus) - "She improved significantly following LP and acetazolamide, with complete resolution of hemiparesis within one week. This uncommon presentation highlights the importance of prompt neuroimaging, early ophthalmological assessment, and LP. IIH should be considered in patients with persistent headache and acute hemiparesis once structural and vascular causes have been excluded."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hypertension • Ophthalmology • Pain

Add-on Diuretics in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=66 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Tanta University

New P2 trial • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Acetazolamide as a Novel Therapeutic Agent against Acute Experimental Toxoplasmosis: Insights into Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition. (PubMed, Acta Trop) - "Although the current therapeutic regimens for acute toxoplasmosis, most commonly a combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, are still considered the standard of care, they are associated with numerous drawbacks, such as bone marrow suppression, and hepatotoxicity. Histopathological examination of hepatic and renal tissue sections showed amelioration of parenchymal inflammation and scanty parasite. In conclusion, Acetazolamide demonstrated a significant promise as a therapeutic agent for combating acute murine toxoplasmosis with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Oncology • IL1B • TNFA

Assessment of cerebrovascular reserve using acetazolamide brain perfusion SPECT in Moyamoya disease. (PubMed, Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol) - "ACZ-challenged SPECT effectively characterizes regional CVR in MMD. Identifying Type II and III responses is a valuable predictor for ischemic vulnerability and guides the selection of surgical candidates."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Vascular Neurology

Cytotoxic lesion of corpus callosum associated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. (PubMed, Ideggyogy Sz) - "She was treated with low-molecular-weight heparin, warfarin, and acetazolamide. She was symptom-free at the two-year follow-up.Conclusion - It is crucial to recognize CLOCC and thus to unveil and treat its potential etiology. CVST should be considered in CLOCC cases, particularly in patients with prothrombotic states such as the postpartum period."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Pain • Thrombosis

Acetazolamide for Acute Heart Failure: Rethinking Clinical and Economic Value in a Field of Narrow Gains. (PubMed, Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes) - No abstract available

Journal • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

IMPLEMENTATION OF A SYSTEM-WIDE INTRAVENOUS-TO-ENTERAL CONVERSION FOR ACETAZOLAMIDE (ACC 2026) - "Abstract is embargoed at this time."

Avoiding Post-DMEK IOP Elevation: Insights from a Standardized Surgical Approach. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "IOP-lowering interventions consisted of venting in cases of elevated IOP, gas fill > 90%, and/or suspected angle closure or pupillary block, as well as intravenous or oral acetazolamide in cases of moderate IOP elevation with a lower gas fill and a patent iridectomy... In our patient cohort, a standardized surgical approach incorporating a surgical iridectomy at the 6 o'clock position, 10% SF6 tamponade, and maintaining a mid-normal IOP at the end of surgery effectively prevented pupillary block. We recommend early postoperative assessment of IOP and percent gas fill to promptly identify and manage impending IOP elevation, which is particularly important in patients with glaucoma."

Journal • Cataract • Glaucoma • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Hyaluronic Acid-Palmitate Nanoparticle Delivery of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Impairs Growth and Early Metabolism in Escherichia coli Through β- and γ-Carbonic Anhydrase-Associated Processes. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Here, building on evidence that acetazolamide (AZA) delivered via hyaluronic acid-palmitate (HA-PA) nanocarriers impairs Escherichia coli growth and its glucose uptake, we investigated the physiological roles of β- and γ-class CAs using sulphonamide inhibitors with distinct selectivity encapsulated in HA-PA nanomicelles to ensure intracellular delivery. AZA, a potent dual β/γ-CA inhibitor, ethoxzolamide (EZA), a selective β-CA inhibitor, and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), a weaker inhibitor of both classes, were tested for effects on bacterial physiology...Early metabolic responses assessed via intracellular ATP after three hours of exposure revealed an unexpected and reproducible ATP increase for all inhibitors relative to untreated cells, suggesting reduced ATP consumption in bicarbonate-dependent pathways. These findings provide indirect yet compelling evidence that β- and γ-class CAs influence bacterial energy homeostasis and support the rationale for CA inhibition as an..."

Journal