amikacin/fosfomycin inhalation (AFIS) / Savara - LARVOL DELTA

Bergeyella zoohelcum: A first case report of its association with respiratory diseases in swine in China. (PubMed, Vet Res Commun) - "Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) revealed that the B. zoohelcum isolates exhibit multi-drug resistance (MDR) patterns, particularly the B. zoohelcum ZWSF strain, which showed resistance to several antibiotics including polymyxin B, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, fosfomycin, amikacin, and gentamicin. Therefore, further investigations are necessary to better understand the pathogenicity of B. zoohelcum in swine and to prevent its spread."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Antibiotic resistance in children with urinary tract infections and urinary tract abnormalities in Vietnam National Children’s Hospital (IPNA 2025) - "Escherichia coli was resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics such as Ampicillin (97.1%), Cefotaxime (79.5%), Quinolone (56.4%), and Gentamycin (53.8%). The most common urinary tract abnormalities were vesicoureteral reflux accounting for 72.2%. The most common cause of UTI with urinary tract abnormalities was Escherichia coli , followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae . There were 78.9% of Escherichia coli and 62.5% of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing ESBL enzymes."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia

Preserving the antimicrobial arsenal: exploring alternatives to carbapenems in ESBL battles within the southeast of Ireland. (PubMed, J Med Microbiol) - "Temocillin (TMC), mecillinam (MEC), cefiderocol (FDC), amikacin and fosfomycin (FOS) displayed excellent activity against all ESBL-PE isolates tested, with susceptibility rates of≥85%. Ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were the least efficacious agents, with susceptibility rates≤20%.Conclusions. TMC, MEC, FDC and FOS offer promising alternatives to carbapenems, demonstrating efficacy against ESBL-PE. The use of these agents not only broadens the therapeutic arsenal against ESBL-PE but also mitigates the potential for escalating carbapenem resistance, especially in regions where the incidence of carbapenem resistance is increasing."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Synergistic antibacterial activity of ceftazidime-avibactam in combination with colistin, gentamicin, amikacin, and fosfomycin against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "The most synergistic effects were observed in the combination of CZA-COL (78.2%) and CZA-FOS (63.6%). Given the limited therapeutic options for treating severe CRKP infections, combining CZA with COL and FOS may enhance in-vitro activity against clinical CRKP isolates."

Combination therapy • Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Evaluation of urine cultures with growth in kidney transplant patients: A single-center experience (TTS 2024) - "When we look at the antibiotic resistance we observed against E. Coli, the most common pathogen, we observed antibiotic resistance; Ampicillin 88%, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole 82%, Ciprofloxacin 64%, Cefuroxime (oral) 44%, Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid 41%, Ceftriaxone 40%, Cefepime 30%, Gentamicin 26%, Cefuroxime (IV) 19%, Piperacillin-Tazobactam 18%, Ampicillin-Sulbactam 17%, Nitrofurantoin 16%, Amikacin 15%, Fosfomycin 4%, Cefixime 3%, Ceftazidime 2%, Cefoxitin 1%, and Ertapenem 1% (Fig 1-(b)). Urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infection in kidney transplant recipients, occurring in 29-60% with a prevalence of 23-75%. We believe that it would be appropriate to consider the information provided in our study as a guideline when (1) empirical drug use is in question and (2) there is growth in urine cultures of organ transplant patients."

Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia • Solid Organ Transplantation • Transplantation • Urology

Evaluation of adhesin genes and risk factors associated with urinary tract infections by drug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in North of Iran. (PubMed, J Infect Dev Ctries) - "Our results revealed a significant rate of drug resistance among UPEC isolates obtained from UTIs in our region. This underscores the importance of monitoring the empirical use of antibiotics and identifying specific risk factors in our geographical area to guide the selection of appropriate empirical treatment for UTIs."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

DOSE CONFIRMATION OF FOSFOMYCIN AND FLOMOXEF FOR EMPIRIC TREATMENT OF NEONATAL SEPSIS (ESPID 2024) - "Methods A run-in confirmatory PK phase within the ongoing NeoSEP1-trial (ISRCTN48721236) sequentially enrolled neonates with suspected sepsis into 3 treatment cohorts (1) fosfomycin and amikacin; (2) flomoxef and amikacin; and (3) flomoxef and fosfomycin. Seven neonates (11%; 95%CI: 5.7–22.8) died by day 28. Table 1.Fosfomycin and flomoxef plasma concentrations Conclusions/Learning Points In this predominately preterm population, fosfomycin and flomoxef exposures shortly after birth were similar to published studies, although with substantial variability, supporting these doses for the larger randomised NeoSEP1-trial."

Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

Effect of ceftazidime-avibactam combined with different antimicrobials against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of meropenem (MEM), colistin (COL), eravacycline (ERA), amikacin (AK), fosfomycin (FOS), and aztreonam (ATM), both individually and in combination with CZA, were tested using the checkerboard method. Additionally, CZA exhibited a notable synergy effect when combined with FOS. These combination therapies present promising new options for the treatment of CRKP infection."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Fosfomycin and amikacin show a highly synergistic interaction against resistant Escherichia coli: a promising antibiotic combination therapy (ECCMID 2024) - No abstract available

Combination therapy

Prevalence and Characteristics of Ertapenem-Mono-Resistant Isolates among Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in China. (PubMed, Emerg Microbes Infect) - "ETP-mono-resistant strains exhibited enhanced susceptibility to β-lactams, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, levofloxacin, fosfomycin, amikacin and polymyxin than MEM/IPM-resistant strains (P < 0.05). These findings illustrate that ETP-mono-resistant CRE strains are relatively prevalent and that caution should be exercised when using meropenem alone for treatment. The detection of carbapenemase should be prioritized."

Journal

Dissemination of Urinary Escherichia coli Phylogroup B2 in Provincial and Community Hospitals in Uthai Thani, Central Thailand. (PubMed, Jpn J Infect Dis) - "All the isolates were completely susceptible to nitrofurantoin, whereas almost all isolates were susceptible to carbapenem, fosfomycin, and amikacin. A high resistance rate was found to fluoroquinolone, ampicillin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole...ERIC-PCR showed the strain of the B2 subgroups III and V were spread between provincial and community hospitals and between hospital wards. This evidence suggested the need for comprehensive infection control monitoring, with strong active surveillance at all hospital levels."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Septic Shock

Ceftazidime-Avibactam Improves Outcomes in High-Risk Neutropenic Patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales Bacteremia. (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "The antibiotics prescribed in combination with G2 were carbapenems, colistin, amikacin, fosfomycin, tigecycline, and fluoroquinolones. High-risk neutropenic patients with KPC-CPE treated with CA had an outcome similar to those treated for ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, with higher 7-day clinical response and lower overall and infection-related mortality than those treated with other antibiotics. In view of these data, CA may be considered the preferred therapeutic option for KPC-PEB in high-risk neutropenic patients."

Journal • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Neutropenia • Pneumonia

Development and application of neonatal physiology-based pharmacokinetic models of amikacin and fosfomycin to assess pharmacodynamic target attainment. (PubMed, CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol) - "The simulated regimens, tested in a neonatal sepsis trial (NeoSep), are likely to be adequate for neonates across different post-natal ages and gestational age. This work demonstrates a template for determining target attainment for antimicrobials (alone or in combination) in special populations without limited available pharmacokinetic data to assess with traditional pharmacometric methods."

Journal • PK/PD data • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Septic Shock

Wastewater from healthcare centers in Burkina Faso is a source of ESBL, AmpC-β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. (PubMed, BMC Microbiol) - "This study showed that wastewater from healthcare centers constitutes a reservoir of multidrug-resistant bacteria in Burkina Faso, including carbapenemase producers. Untreated healthcare wastewater entering the environment exposes people and animals to infections caused by these multi-resistant bacteria, which are difficult to treat, especially in the resource-poor settings."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Ceftazidime-Avibactam Treatment for Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteremia in Preterm Infants in NICU: A Clinical Experience. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "The median duration of CAZ/AVI treatment was 14 days, and combination therapy with fosfomycin or amikacin was administered. Previous case reports have also shown positive outcomes with CAZ/AVI in neonates. However, larger trials are needed to further investigate the safety and efficacy of CAZ/AVI in this population."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Coexistence of bla, bla and bla in bla-producing Citrobacter freundii of clinical origin in China. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "Citrobacter freundii carrying bla, bla, bla, and bla are resistant to most antibiotics, intermediate to tigecycline, and only sensitive to polymyxin B, amikacin, and fosfomycin. In particular, we found that bla, bla, and bla coexisted on a new transferable hybrid plasmid that carried many drug resistance genes and insertion sequences. The plasmid may capture more resistance genes, raising our concern about the emergence of new resistance strains."

Journal

Genomic Characteristics of a Multidrug-Resistant ST648 Escherichia coli Isolate Co-Carrying bla and bla Genes Recovered from a Respiratory Infection in China. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "coli 488 was resistant to aztreonam, levofloxacin, cefepime, fosfomycin, amikacin, imipenem, cefotaxime, and meropenem. Our study reveals the first ST648 E. coli isolate containing both bla and bla in China. These results could provide valuable insights into the genetic characteristics, antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, and transmission dynamics of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in clinical settings."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases

EVALUATION OF CLINICAL SPECTRUM, ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY AND CLINICAL OUTCOME IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP (0 TO 18 YEARS) WITH EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE (ESBL) PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI ASSOCIATED URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN INDIA (ESPID 2023) - "Resistance was high for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones and 100% for beta-lactams. E.coli was commonest organism with 259(57%) cases, 158(35%) were ESBL E. coli. Maximum incidence was between ages 0 to 5 years (56%). Prevalence of infection in females(59%) was higher than in males(41%)."

Clinical • Clinical data • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pediatrics

Outpatient antibiogram and predictors of ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistant urinary tract infections. (PubMed, Ann Fam Med) - "Among patients with E. coli isolated (n=189), antibiotic resistance was highest to ampicillin (63%), TMP-SMX (44%), ciprofloxacin (31%), and cefazolin (30%); no or low resistance against amikacin (0%), fosfomycin (0%), and nitrofurantoin (2.7%) was detected. We constructed an antibiogram and found resistance surpassed this threshold for TMP-SMX and ciprofloxacin and identified factors associated with resistance to these agents. Assessing these characteristics during clinical decision making may improve antibiotic-organism susceptibility concordance in primary care."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

Rising Resistance In Uropathogens With An Indication Of Nitrofurantoin Mic Creep. (PubMed, J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad) - "Trends in rising MIC should alert prescribers to use drugs such as Nitrofurantoin judiciously. Antimicrobial stewardship practices should be strongly implemented in hospitals to curb rising resistance and obtain better treatment outcomes for patients with infectious diseases."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

Resistance to Some New Drugs and Prevalence of ESBL- and MBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Uropathogens Isolated from Diabetic Patients. (PubMed, Life (Basel)) - "Susceptibility to colistin and cefiderocol was tested in accordance with CLSI guidelines...More than 50% of the isolates showed resistance to 22 antibiotics, with the highest resistance (>80%) against tetracycline, ampicillin, and cefazolin. The uropathogens showed less resistance to non-β-lactam antibiotics, including amikacin, fosfomycin, and nitrofurantoin...with 7-28% resistance, except for P. mirabilis which had 100% resistance against eravacycline. This study concludes that a few types of ESBL and carbapenemases are common in the uropathogens isolated from the diabetic patients, and antibiotic stewardship programs need to be revisited, particularly to cure UTIs in diabetic patients."

Journal • Diabetes • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Pneumonia • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Limited Therapeutic Options in Mexico for the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "Bacteria were classified as susceptible or resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam, amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ), ertapenem, meropenem, and fosfomycin...For E. coli isolates, resistance was <20% for amikacin, fosfomycin, and nitrofurantoin; for K. pneumoniae, amikacin, fosfomycin, chloramphenicol, and norfloxacin...In total, multidrug-resistant bacteria represented 61% of all isolates. Isolates demonstrated high resistance to beta-lactams, fluoro-quinolones, and TMP/SMZ."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia

Comparison of amikacin with fosfomycin as an add-on to ciprofloxacin for antibiotic prophylaxis in transrectal prostate biopsy: A single-center retrospective study. (PubMed, Investig Clin Urol) - "In the era of FQ resistance, CP and fosfomycin may reduce the rate of infectious complications compared with CP and amikacin prophylaxis."

Journal • Retrospective data

The Role of Urinary Nitrite in Predicting Bacterial Resistance in Urine Culture Analysis Among Patients With Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Results We examined the correlation between the nitrite-positive and -negative groups with the resistance pattern to ceftriaxone, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), ampicillin-sulbactam, fosfomycin, amikacin, doxycycline, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and nitrofurantoin. Furthermore, the highest relative resistance rate was recorded against cefuroxime, whereas amikacin revealed the lowest. Therefore, we suggest physicians to not adjust antibiotic therapy for urinary tract infections (UTIs) based on the presence of nitrite. Urine bacteriology should be ordered."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Urology

A Macroporous Magnesium Oxide-Templated Carbon Adsorbs Shiga Toxins and Type III Secretory Proteins in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Which Attenuates Virulence. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "In contrast, MgOC adsorbed antimicrobial agents, including β-lactams, quinolones, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. However, fosfomycin and amikacin were not adsorbed...MgOC is used for industrial purposes, such as an electrode catalyst, a bioelectrode, and enzyme immobilization. The study proposed another potential application of MgOC, assisting anti-EHEC chemotherapy."

Journal • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease