ampicillin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Environmental antibiotic stress and high-risk resistance genes in bacterial communities of the Gomti and Ganga Rivers, India. (PubMed, Mol Biol Rep) - "These findings indicate that both rivers act as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant bacteria harbouring complex resistance gene profiles."

Journal

Ketogenic Diet Mitigates Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Neuroinflammation in Rats, While Antibiotics Exacerbate Brain Health Risks. (PubMed, J Mol Neurosci) - "Diets were maintained for 10 weeks; during the final week, AB and KDAB groups received a broad-spectrum antibiotic cocktail (ampicillin 1 g/L, vancomycin 0.5 g/L, neomycin 1 g/L, and metronidazole 1 g/L) in drinking water. Although antibiotic treatment alone caused only a transient impairment in spatial memory and was associated with reduced TNF-α levels, the ketogenic diet-irrespective of microbiota status-consistently improved cognitive performance and elevated neuroprotective markers. These findings suggest that KD appears to promote brain resilience during aging, even in the presence of microbiota disruption."

Journal • Preclinical • Inflammation • BDNF • IL10 • IL1B • TNFA

Methoxy and Thiophene Chalcone Derivatives Against Multidrug-resistant Bacteria: Synthesis, in Vitro Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Insights. (PubMed, Chem Biodivers) - "Molecular docking studies targeting Penicillin-Binding Protein 4 from S. aureus indicated robust binding affinities, with 3a and 4a exhibiting interactions comparable to or even exceeding ampicillin. Additionally, computational Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity analysis confirmed promising pharmacokinetics, such as adherence with Lipinski's Rule of Five, high gastrointestinal absorption, and low toxicity profiles. These insights emphasize a great potential in the synthesized derivatives for further advancement in addressing multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, and potentially expanding the range of effective antibacterial drugs."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease

Synergistic antibacterial action of AgNP-ampicillin conjugates: Evading β-lactamase degradation in ampicillin-resistant clinical isolates. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "The AgNP-ampicillin conjugates exhibited enhanced antibacterial efficacy, biofilm disruption, and protection against β-lactamase degradation while maintaining low toxicity."

Journal

Etiological Profiles and Antibiotic Resistance of Urinary Tract Infections Among Different Age Categories in Children: A Retrospective Study of Xiamen Single-Center. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "Escherichia coli had a significantly lower rate of resistance to ampicillin than Klebsiella pneumoniae (p < 0.001), and both had a high rate of resistance to cephalosporins (over 95% to cefazolin), but a low rate of resistance to amikacin and furotoxin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had 100% resistance to most cephalosporins, but less than 7% to ceftazidime, cefepime and piperacillin tazobactam. Enterococcus faecalis had over 90% resistance to Ampicillin, Penicillin, Linezolid and 91.53% to tetracycline. No Tigecycline/Vancomycin-resistant enterococci were found...Pediatric UTIs in Xiamen show gender-based pathogen differences, mainly gram-negative. Nitrofurantoin is preferred for mild cases, and the clinical selection should be individualized by combining the regional pathogen spectrum and drug sensitivity."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pediatrics • Pneumonia

A Case of Decompensated Cirrhosis Secondary to Sickle Cell Hepatopathy (SCH) Managed With Orthotopic Liver Transplantation (OLT) Followed by Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) (ACG 2025) - "Despite treatment of SCD with transfusions and hydroxyurea, his cirrhosis progressed with refractory ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatic encephalopathy. With a MELD score of 36, he underwent successful OLT with the institution's immunosuppression protocol of basiliximab induction, steroid taper, mycophenolate modafinil and maintenance tacrolimus...Complications included cutaneous reaction to ampicillin requiring IV methylprednisolone and ruxolitinib due to initial concern for early GVHD which was later felt less likely based on timing and presentation characteristics. Sirolimus, used for immunosuppression/GVHD prophylaxis, was switched to tacrolimus due to possible cutaneous adverse reaction and was continued to prevent OLT rejection...Patients with SCD who have undergone liver transplantation can have significant risk of graft loss, with studies showing up to 22% requiring re-transplantation due to SCD complications. Our approach addresses both..."

Clinical • Bone Marrow Transplantation • CNS Disorders • Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Graft versus Host Disease • Hematological Disorders • Hepatic Encephalopathy • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Sickle Cell Disease • Transplantation

Retrospective analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility testing illustrates the problem of resistant Staphylococcus species in cats in the northeastern United States. (PubMed, Prev Vet Med) - "Susceptibility was lowest overall to penicillin (48 %), followed by ampicillin (49 %) and erythromycin (62 %), while susceptibility was highest to vancomycin and rifampin (≥99 %)...Compared to coagulase-negative staphylococcal species, S. pseudintermedius had higher MICs for β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, doxycycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole...This study underscores the significance of AMR and MDR in feline medicine and One Health. The findings emphasize the need for vigilant AMR surveillance in veterinary practices and antimicrobial stewardship in companion animal medicine."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease

Antimicrobial susceptibility and genomic characterization of Lactococcus formosensis, Lactococcus garvieae, and Lactococcus petauri in Hong Kong. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "Among the three species, the antimicrobial resistance profiles were similar, with resistance being extremely high for rifampicin (100%) and clindamycin (71%-92%), very high for cotrimoxazole (53%-58%), moderate to very high for minocycline (12%-56%) and low for levofloxacin (0%-2%). All isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, ceftaroline, daptomycin, erythromycin, linezolid, meropenem, and vancomycin...No cross-sectoral clustering of isolates was observed for the other two species. There are potential risks associated with consuming ready-to-eat foods contaminated with potential pathogens, which can cause health consequences."

Journal • Infectious Disease

A Comparative Analysis of Molecular Epidemiology and Antibiotic Resistance in Group B Streptococcus Isolated From Invasive and Noninvasive Adult Cases in Daejeon, South Korea. (PubMed, Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol) - "All isolates were susceptible to both ampicillin and vancomycin, while antibiotic resistances were observed for erythromycin (27.8%), levofloxacin (13.3%), clindamycin (25.6%), and tetracycline (47.8%), respectively. These data are key elements to help design prevention and treatment strategies for GBS infection in Korean adults."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Prevalence, characterization, and transmissible factors of foodborne pathogens in the Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. (PubMed, Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)) - "coli isolates exhibited complete resistance (100%) to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, and cephalothin. High resistance rates were also observed for norfloxacin (80.8%) and tetracycline (73.1%)...Imipenem remained the most effective antibiotic, showing 100% susceptibility among E. coli and S. aureus isolates and 93.3% effectiveness against A. baumannii. These findings underscore the critical need for routine microbial surveillance, implementation of rapid diagnostic tools, and enforcement of stringent food safety regulations to curb the spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens through the food supply chain."

Journal

Corynebacterium amycolatum: an underestimated pathogen in early-onset neonatal sepsis-a case report. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - "This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing C. amycolatum as a potential pathogen in neonatal sepsis, especially in preterm infants, and underscores the necessity of accurate identification methods such as MALDI-TOF MS to avoid misidentification. Given the severe clinical outcomes associated with this condition, heightened awareness and diagnostic precision are crucial for optimizing treatment strategies in neonatal intensive care units. This report highlights a rare case of EOS caused by C. amycolatum in a premature infant."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

The investigation of bacteria in the oral of Trichomonas gallinae infected pigeons and the antibiotic resistance analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from farm pigeons in Shandong Province of China. (PubMed, Poult Sci) - "Furthermore, we assessed the resistance profiles of K. pneumoniae isolates against quinolones, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides, and identified the carriers of related resistance genes, including bla genes encoding SHV, TEM, and CTX-M-9 ESBLs.Our results revealed that approximately 30% of pigeons from Laiwu City and Tai'an City in Shandong Province were infected with T. gallinae...The majority of these isolates exhibited multidrug resistance to ampicillin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and aminoglycosides...These findings provide a overview of antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the emergence of resistance genes in K. pneumoniae isolates from farm pigeons in Shandong, China. They underscore the widespread multidrug resistance in these isolates and highlight the potential risk of antibiotic resistance transmission between animals and humans."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Pharmacokinetics of Ampicillin Trihydrate in Plasma, Interstitial, and Peritoneal Fluid Following Intraperitoneal or Intramuscular Administration in Steers at the Beginning of a Standing Flank Laparotomy. (PubMed, J Vet Pharmacol Ther) - "Despite high peritoneal fluid concentrations of ampicillin, the variability in critical pharmacokinetic parameters following IP administration raises concerns about its therapeutic reliability. The correlation between intraperitoneal drug concentrations and clinical efficacy warrants further investigation."

Journal • PK/PD data • Infectious Disease

One health approach unravels worrying antimicrobial resistance patterns: A cross-sectional study in Kisii, Kenya. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Shared resistance patterns across human, animal, and environmental samples highlight interconnected AMR pathways. These findings reinforce the need for a One Health approach through integrated AMR surveillance and interventions."

Journal • Observational data

Transposition of Tn552-II (a Tn552 derivative) to the conjugative pCtra plasmid family in pediatric multidrug-resistant community-associated MRSA. (PubMed, Antimicrob Agents Chemother) - "Tn552-II contained a 7-bp target site (att) on the left; an internal i-att on the right, apparently "brought-in" through a circular intermediate; and i-att2 and i-att3 in the tgl gene and its neighboring gene, respectively. This transposition enhanced ampicillin resistance and facilitated Tn552-II spread at a frequency of 10-3."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Challenges in Pediatric Fluid Management: Insights into Nursing Practices and Knowledge. (PubMed, Sage Open Pediatr) - "Key issues included excessive dilution (vancomycin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone) and storage noncompliance (eg, 40% in cardiac NICUs), posing risks to vulnerable patients. Standardized dilution guidelines, enhanced education on drug compatibility/storage, and real-time monitoring tools are critical to mitigating fluid overload risks and improving pediatric outcomes."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Nephrology • Pediatrics • Renal Disease

Antibacterial Activity of Remineralizing Paste Incorporating Strontium Doped Nano Hydroxyapatite (Sr-nHAp) - A Comparative Study. (PubMed, Indian J Dent Res) - "The results of the study proved that there is significant difference in zone of inhibition at 10%, 20% and 30% of Sr-nHAp (P < 0.05). The antimicrobial activity of Sr-nHAp improves as the concentration increases. It was concluded that 30% Sr-nHAp has shown antimicrobial activity similar to Ampicillin against both S. mutans and E-Coli."

Journal

Antimicrobial resistance and plasmid-associated virulence genes in Salmonella isolated from pigs, pork, and humans in border provinces of Thailand and neighboring countries. (PubMed, PeerJ) - "Overall, 69.40% (n = 254/366) were multidrug resistant, including resistance to medically important antimicrobials tigecycline, azithromycin, colistin and ciprofloxacin...None of the plasmids were horizontally transferred under ampicillin selective pressure. Phylogenetic analysis of whole genome sequence and virulence plasmids revealed the clonal dissemination of the isolates. The co-existence of virulence and resistance plasmids may complicate antibiotic therapy, highlighting the need to monitor plasmid-associated virulence genes alongside AMR genes in surveillance programs for humans and animals."

Journal • RPA2

Insights into the phylogenetic profile and virulence-associated genes of multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in North of Iran. (PubMed, IJID Reg) - "Among MDR strains, the highest resistance rates were to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. In contrast, the highest susceptibility, aside from carbapenems, was to fosfomycin, amikacin, cefoxitin, and nitrofurantoin...The results of this study revealed that phylogenetic group B2 of UPEC isolates are associated with virulence-associated genes and antibiotic resistance more than other phylogenetic groups. The findings support the potential of these genes as targets for vaccine development and highlight the necessity for continued regional research to address antibiotic resistance and improve urinary tract infection management in order to select appropriate treatments."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neonatal sepsis: epidemiological shifts, antibiotic resistance patterns, and pathogen profiles in a tertiary referral hospital. (PubMed, Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob) - "The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered neonatal sepsis patterns, increasing late-onset infections, shifting pathogen prevalence, and exacerbating antimicrobial resistance trends. Rising resistance to key antibiotics, including Colistin, underscores the urgent need for strengthened antimicrobial stewardship in NICUs. Despite these disruptions, NICU protocols remained effective, ensuring stable neonatal mortality rates."

Journal • Retrospective data • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Septic Shock

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli from various clinical sources. (PubMed, Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol) - "There were high sensitivity rates to Amikacin, Tigecycline, and Imipenem by (97.49%), (90.87%), and (90.35%), respectively, while there were high resistance rates to Norfloxacin, Ampicillin, and Cefotaxime by (93.67%), (79.60%), and (71.65%), respectively. Antibiotics, including imipenem, amikacin, and nitrofurantoin, demonstrated the highest efficacy against E. coli isolates. Nalidixic acid, cefexime, and ceftriaxone showed efficacy against E. coli; nevertheless, several clinical isolates exhibited resistance."

Journal • Gastrointestinal Disorder

Molecular Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolated From Hospital-Visited Cats. (PubMed, Vet Med Int) - "aureus isolates exhibited the highest resistance to penicillin (94.29%) and ampicillin (91.5%), while 60% of S. pseudintermedius isolates were resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin. Cats with otitis externa (OR 46; 95% CI: 3.2-660.4) and steroid use (OR 46; 95% CI: 3.2-660.4) were potential risk factors for S. pseudintermedius carriage. The circulation of MDR isolates, including the detection of MRSA, poses a significant concern for the clinical management of companion animals."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology

Molecular Characterization of β-Lactamase-Resistant Klebsiella aerogenes Isolated from Raw Milk in Bangladesh. (PubMed, Foodborne Pathog Dis) - "Due to the overwhelming challenges of antimicrobial resistance, the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes, and mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes through zoonotic organisms, this study aimed to characterize K. aerogenes in raw milk in Sylhet...Among 234 samples, 86 (36.44%) were positive for Klebsiella and exhibited variation in resistance levels to amoxicillin (100%), ampicillin (100%), ceftazidime (100%), tetracycline (100%) followed by azithromycin (89.54%), cefoxitin (86.04%), gentamicin (83.74%), and cefuroxime (77.90%)...These findings underscore that raw milk could be a potential harbor for multidrug resistance K. aerogenes, raising concerns about antimicrobial resistance transmission through traditionally processed dairy products, as such products are often prepared without proper heat treatment. The study emphasizes the need for strict hygiene practices and mandatory pasteurization measures during processing to reduce potential public health risks."

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Determination of minimum inhibitory and lethal concentrations of two lactic acid bacteria Lactiplantibacillus plantarum reveals strain-specific antibiotic resistance. (PubMed, MicroPubl Biol) - "Strain-specific differences were found in MICs for kanamycin, neomycin, and geneticin, while ampicillin and chloramphenicol MICs were similar. Both strains exhibited intrinsic resistance to vancomycin. These findings contribute to efforts to characterize the LAB resistome and inform probiotic strain selection."

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Population structure of Bacillus cereus sensu lato associated with foodborne outbreaks in France between 2004 and 2023. (PubMed, Food Microbiol) - "Notably, one Bcsl clade, B. cytotoxicus, lacking beta-lactamase-encoding genes showed a greatly increased sensitivity to ampicillin than other Bcsl considered to be naturally resistant to beta-lactams. Additionally, various strains from distinct populations showed reduced susceptibility to macrolides and cyclins. Finally, accurately differentiated populations will be used in further epidemiological studies and in dose-response modeling."

Journal • Infectious Disease