ampicillin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Observation of persister cell histories reveals diverse modes of survival in antibiotic persistence. (PubMed, Elife) - "We show that when cells sampled from exponentially growing populations were treated with ampicillin or ciprofloxacin, most persisters were growing before antibiotic treatment. Under ciprofloxacin, however, all persisters identified were growing before the antibiotic treatment, including samples from post-stationary phase culture. These results reveal diverse persister cell dynamics that depend on antibiotic types and pre-exposure history."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens among children aged ≤ 10-years in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "The pooled estimates of E. coli AMR for clinically important antibiotics were as follows: sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT) 71% [95%CI: 57-82%]; ampicillin (AMP) 56% [95%CI: 44-67%]; ciprofloxacin (CIP) 10% [95%CI: 5-20%]; and ceftriaxone (CRO) 8% [95%CI: 2-31%]...were AMP 76% [95%CI: 60-87%]; nalidixic acid (NA) 9% [95%CI: 2-31%]; CIP 3% [95%CI: 0-15%]; and CRO 2% [95%CI: 0-19%]...AMR were erythromycin (ERY) 33% [95%CI: 12-64%] and CIP 27% [95%CI: 8-61%]...The limitations of our findings include high regional variability, significant interstudy heterogeneity, and underrepresentation of certain LMICs. https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2024-2-0051/, registration number: INPLASY202420051."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review

The First Case of Antimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella Stanley ST29 Diagnosed Secondary to Acute Cholecystitis. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "It was resistant to six antimicrobial agents, including ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, azithromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol. The case of Salmonella Stanley ST29 isolated from a patient with diarrhoea lasting 55 days secondary to cholecystitis aligns with the characteristics of high drug resistance and relatively low virulence. This highlights the need for increased vigilance in clinical practice regarding invasive cases and the significant disease burden associated with the intestinal migration of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella isolates."

Journal • Gastroenterology • Hepatology • Infectious Disease

Genomic characterization and antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella spp. clinical isolates: A single-centre hospital-based exploratory study from Uttarakhand, India. (PubMed, Microb Pathog) - "This study indicates that Salmonella strains are susceptible to most antibiotics for enteric fever, except fluoroquinolones. However, gathering data from diverse Indian regions is essential to understanding regional variations in Salmonella antimicrobial resistance emergence."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Genomic perspectives on NDM Salmonella Typhi, and a case report from India. (PubMed, Infection) - "To date, NDM-producing S. Typhi has been reported only once, from Pakistan. This is the first documented case in India. The presence of blaNDM-5 in S. Typhi poses a serious clinical and public health threat, given its multidrug-resistant nature and potential for interspecies transmission. Continued genomic surveillance is crucial to monitor its spread and guide treatment strategies."

Journal • Cough • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases

COMPARISON OF VANCOMYCIN SENSITIVE AND RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCAL INFECTION IN CHILDREN (ESPID 2025) - "VRE exhibited multidrug resistance, notably to ampicillin, teicoplanin, gentamicin, and streptomycin, with no resistance to linezolid or daptomycin. infections, particularly VRE, are associated with high mortality in pediatric patients. Risk factors such as immunodeficiency, intensive care admission, and recent antibiotic use are critical in determining outcomes."

Clinical • Infectious Disease

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENOMIC INSIGHTS OF HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE A INFECTIONS IN ETHIOPIAN CHILDREN (ESPID 2025) - "Resistance genes conferring reduced susceptibility to ampicillin and chloramphenicol were detected in 25% of isolates...The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains underscores the urgent need for updated treatment guidelines and surveillance programs. The increasing burden of Hia in Ethiopian children highlights the necessity for enhanced diagnostic capacity, genomic surveillance, and consideration of vaccine development strategies targeting non-Hib H. influenzae serotypes."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Influenza

CLINICAL PRACTICE INDICATORS IN INFECTION PREVENTION/CONTROL AND ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION BEFORE AND AFTER THE PARTICIPATION IN THE PILOT PHASE OF AN ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PROJECT (TEAM-COACH PROJECT) (ESPID 2025) - "Clinical practices were assessed the month before the training and one and three months after, and included: volume of hydro-alcoholic solution requested per unit/patient-day or visit, the proportion of patients receiving antibiotics/total admitted patients or visits, and ampicillin/cefotaxime-ceftriaxone ratio (hospitalized) or amoxicillin/amoxicillin-clavulanate ratio (outpatient). This initiative holds promise as a foundation for multilingual IPC-AMS training. Co-funded by the European Union (GA:101079939)."

Clinical • Infectious Disease

NOT ALL THE SAME: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN BLOODSTREAM ISOLATES FROM PAEDIATRIC AND ADULT POPULATIONS IN AUSTRALIA, 2020-2022 (ESPID 2025) - "Significantly higher proportions of Enterobacterales resistant to gentamicin/tobramycin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ciprofloxacin were reported in children compared to adults...Staphylococcus aureus were significantly less resistant to ciprofloxacin and erythromycin, as well as significantly less methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates reported in children (12.9% v 16.8%, RR: 0.7 (95%CI: 0.6, 0.9), p: <0.001)...were significantly lower in children for ampicillin, vancomycin and teicoplanin, and van genes were significantly more often detected in E. faecium isolates from adults (25.0% vs 39.5%; X 2 : 4, p: 0.04). Conclusions/Learning Points Our analysis of national surveillance data highlights distinct trends in antimicrobial resistance between children and adults. Continued clinical surveillance, targeted prevention, and antimicrobial stewardship strategies are essential to address these differences."

Clinical • Infectious Disease

Lipoid Pneumonia Following Chronic Aspiration of Cannabis Oil Used for the Treatment of Seizures. (PubMed, Chest) - "She was admitted to the hospital and treated with supplemental oxygen and IV ampicillin for a suspected aspiration pneumonia. Because of poor response after 7 days, and respiratory secretions showing moderate growth of Klebsiella oxytoca and light growth of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was added. Azithromycin was also started on day 8 to cover atypical pathogens, then discontinued when Mycoplasma pneumoniae polymerase chain reaction was negative."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Epilepsy • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

DACAT: Optimizing the Diagnostic Approach to Cephalosporin Allergy Testing (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=300 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Massachusetts General Hospital | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Allergy • Immunology

Ampicillin Exposure and Glutathione Deficiency Synergistically Promote Conjugative Transfer of Plasmid-Borne Antibiotic Resistance Genes. (PubMed, Environ Microbiol) - "These results suggest that endogenous GSH is an important factor affecting the spread of plasmid-borne ARGs. Exposure to antibiotics and environmental stresses that cause a depletion of endogenous GSH in vivo are likely to increase the risk of ARG dissemination in the environment."

Journal • Gene Therapies

Maternal antibiotic exposure is associated with decreased mammary IgA and IgM (IMMUNOLOGY 2025) - "We stratified by the antibiotic spectrum of activity into narrow (penicillin, ampicillin) and broad (2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporin, gentamicin, etc) and found that the spectrum of antimicrobial activity was associated with a decrease in maternal IgA with broad spectrum antibiotics with the least amount of IgA (p<0.004). Our data demonstrate mammary IgA and IgM are decreased with antenatal antimicrobial exposure. These data suggest a mechanism by which antenatal antibiotics may lead to neonatal sepsis and NEC.Keywords: Cells B Cells; Molecules Antibodies; Processes Cell Trafficking Reproductive Immunology; Techniques/Approaches Molecular Biology"

Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease • Obstetrics • Septic Shock

Defining the mechanism of IFNg-mediated regulation of intestinal epithelium during environmental enteric dysfunction (EED). (IMMUNOLOGY 2025) - "We observed translocating bacteria in EED mice as potential activators of CD8 T cells and eliminating them by intravenous (IV) ampicillin treatment leads to improved villous structure and reduced frequency of IFNg producing CD8 T cells suggesting a role for bacterial translocation in EED onset. We are examining the targets of IFNg by eliminating its receptor in the epithelium and mesenchymal cells. These findings underpin a biological circuit; wherein translocating bacteria induces IFNg production by CD8 T cells which in turn regulate the ISCs function.Keywords: Animals Rodent; Cells T Cells; Techniques/Approaches Transgenic/Knockout Mice; Tissues Mucosa"

CD8 • IFNG

Sensitive and selective simultaneous detection of ampicillin and chloramphenicol in foods with a SERS-activated molecularly imprinted capillary sensor. (PubMed, Food Chem) - "Meanwhile, the dual-template imprinted polymer (TMIP) was synthesized as capture unit through bulk polymerization and surface imprinting, forming specific cavities for simultaneous detection of AMP and CAP. The proposed method was successfully applied to chicken and milk samples, demonstrating that the SERS-CP-MI sensor is a reliable and effective tool for detecting antibiotic residues in food samples."

Journal

Molecular identification, antibiotic susceptibility, and biofilm formation of airborne bacteria. (PubMed, AMB Express) - "Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed high resistance to fosfomycin (41.17%), ampicillin (17.64%), tetracycline (17.64%), and gentamicin (11.76%). crystallopoietes and A. saudimassiliensis) were identified. These findings provide valuable insights into the microbial composition of natural parks in the Hail region and highlight effective management strategies to mitigate health risks."

Journal

POSTOPERATIVE ANTIBIOTICS IN PEDIATRIC PERFORATED APPENDICITIS: COMPARATIVE OUTCOMES WITH MONOTHERAPY VS. MULTI-DRUG COVERAGE (SSAT 2025) - "There has been a shift away from traditional triple-drug regimens, including an aminoglycoside, clindamycin, and ampicillin, to a two-drug approach, consisting of a cephalosporin and metronidazole. Previously, controlled studies have indicated that single-agent therapies, such as piperacillin-tazobactam (PT), may reduce complications related to infection in controlled settings, but there is limited real-world data comparing outcomes in patients on PT versus ceftriaxone and metronidazole (CM)...In pediatric patients with perforated appendicitis, postoperative CM was associated with a significantly lower risk of postoperative intrabdominal abscess formation, need for additional abdominal CT, and adverse medication reactions compared to those receiving PT. These findings suggest that postoperative dual antibiotic coverage with CM may be superior to monotherapy with PT for children with perforated appendicitis"

Clinical • Monotherapy • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

POSTOPERATIVE ANTIBIOTICS IN PEDIATRIC PERFORATED APPENDICITIS: COMPARATIVE OUTCOMES WITH MONOTHERAPY VS. MULTI-DRUG COVERAGE (SSAT 2025) - "There has been a shift away from traditional triple-drug regimens, including an aminoglycoside, clindamycin, and ampicillin, to a two-drug approach, consisting of a cephalosporin and metronidazole. Previously, controlled studies have indicated that single-agent therapies, such as piperacillin-tazobactam (PT), may reduce complications related to infection in controlled settings, but there is limited real-world data comparing outcomes in patients on PT versus ceftriaxone and metronidazole (CM)...In pediatric patients with perforated appendicitis, postoperative CM was associated with a significantly lower risk of postoperative intrabdominal abscess formation, need for additional abdominal CT, and adverse medication reactions compared to those receiving PT. These findings suggest that postoperative dual antibiotic coverage with CM may be superior to monotherapy with PT for children with perforated appendicitis"

Clinical • Monotherapy • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

TARGETING THE GUT MICROBIOME IMPROVES ANTI-TUMOR CYTOTOXIC CD8 T-CELL RESPONSE AGAINST HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (SSAT 2025) - "Mice were then randomized into daily oral gavage with 500uL of saline or broad-spectrum antibiotics cocktail (AC) of poorly absorbed oral antibiotics (Vancomycin, Neomycin, Ampicillin, Metronidazole, and Amphotericin B) for 14 weeks, followed by euthanasia. Gut microbiome targeting leads to decreased HCC tumor growth accompanied by an improved cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell response. Gut microbiome can potentially emerge as a novel therapeutic target to improve immunotherapy efficacy against HCC.Antibiotics cocktail (abx cocktail) treatment leads to significantly reduced tumor burden in DEN-CCL4 model of HCC. n = 9 per groupAntibiotics cockatil treatment leads to significantly increased ex-vivo cytotoxicity of splenic CD8 T-cells."

IO biomarker • Hepatocellular Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CD8 • IFNG

PROTEOBACTERIA DRIVES INTESTINAL FIBROSIS VIA CCR2+SPP1+ MONOCYTES (DDW 2025) - "Antibiotic cocktails using various combinations of ampicillin (A), vancomycin (V), neomycin (N), and metronidazole (M) were used for microbiota depletion. Treatments of dexamethasone or clodronate liposomes were used for immunosuppression or macrophage ablation... Our findings hightlight that microbiota-MP crosstalk is crucial for the development of intestinal transmural fibrosis, which could be potential therapeutic targets for IBD fibrosis."

Fibrosis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • CCR2 • COL1A1 • CX3CR1 • SPP1

IMPACT OF PERIPARTUM AMPICILLIN AND AUGMENTIN USE ON THE INFANT GUT MICROBIOME AND INFANT RESPONSE TO VACCINES (DDW 2025) - "ELISA analysis confirmed that peripartum treatments with AMP and AMOX/CLAV resulted in transient lower titers of PCV20-induced anti-Spn IgG titers in the PCV-immunized mice compared to non-antibiotic treated mice at week 4 post-prime. OPK analysis further revealed a reduction in opsonophagocytic killing of Spn with the serum of AMOX/CLAV treated mice at week 4 post-prime compared to non-antibiotic treated mice. However, no reduction in opsonophagocytic killing was observed when serum from AMP-treated mice was used."

Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

UPPER SMALL INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA CONTROLS HOST SUGAR PREFERENCE (DDW 2025) - "[Results] (1) Germ-free (GF) mice and antibiotics cocktail (ampicillin [A], metronidazole [M], neomycin [N], vancomycin [V]; AMNV) -treated mice lost SP, while control SPF mice gained SP. abolished SP. [Conclusion] These findings highlight the role of SPIB on SP reward system through SPIB-derived acetate-GPR41-GLP1-GLP1R+ vagal afferents circuit in addition to glucose-dependent SGLT-1, which provides a novel strategy to control T2DM and obesity by unintentionally controlling the intake of sugar and artificial sweeteners."

Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Streptococcus agalactiae associated urinary tract infections using VITEK 2 system. (PubMed, Iran J Microbiol) - "We found that 53 (81.5%) of the GBS isolates showed resistance to tetracycline; 47 (72.3%), 40 (61.5%), and 30 (46.15%) of these had a resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin and ampicillin respectively. In the present study, the VITEK 2 system was validated as a user-friendly system that can serve as a rapid and accurate tool for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of GBS."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

The evaluation of antimicrobial resistance rates in infections caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains collected from the south of Lebanon. (PubMed, Iran J Microbiol) - "Antimicrobial resistance phenotype of 104 urine samples was tested to determine the resistance percentages for various antibiotics including ampicillin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, bactrim, meropenem, and imipenem using disk diffusion test. The high rates of antibiotic resistance observed, particularly to ampicillin and tetracycline, highlight the need for more judicious antibiotic use and the development of alternative treatment strategies to combat UPEC infections. These results can inform antimicrobial stewardship programs and guide the selection of appropriate empiric therapy for urinary tract infections."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Streptococcus agalactiae associated urinary tract infections using VITEK 2 system. (PubMed, Iran J Microbiol) - "We found that 53 (81.5%) of the GBS isolates showed resistance to tetracycline; 47 (72.3%), 40 (61.5%), and 30 (46.15%) of these had a resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin and ampicillin respectively. In the present study, the VITEK 2 system was validated as a user-friendly system that can serve as a rapid and accurate tool for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of GBS."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology