atomoxetine / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

The Combination of Pimavanserin and Atomoxetine Reduces Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity: A Randomized Trial (ATS 2025) - "The combination of atomoxetine and pimavanserin significantly reduced OSA severity, lowering arousal index and overnight hypoxemia. Compared to placebo, the combination did not raise the risk of many adverse effects seen in similar trials (e.g., insomnia, headache, tachycardia), except for a mild heart rate increase. Pimavanserin shows promise to be associated to atomoxetine for treating OSA and merits further, larger trials."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Insomnia • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Pain • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Recognition and treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in patients with treatment-resistant burning mouth syndrome: a retrospective case study. (PubMed, Front Pain Res (Lausanne)) - "Algorithm-based pharmacotherapy using ADHD-effective medications (methylphenidate, atomoxetine, guanfacine, aripiprazole, venlafaxine, and duloxetine) was administered. ADHD is frequently comorbid in patients with treatment-resistant BMS, and ADHD-targeted pharmacotherapy may help alleviate pain, cognitive dysfunction, and brain perfusion abnormalities. These findings suggest that ADHD screening, diagnosis, and multidisciplinary management involving psychiatrists could play a crucial role in optimizing clinical outcomes in patients with BMS."

Journal • Retrospective data • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Depression • Developmental Disorders • Mood Disorders • Pain • Psychiatry

Adrenergic Modulation of Cortical Gain and Sensory Processing in the Mouse Visual Cortex. (PubMed, Brain Sci) - "Behaviorally, clonidine impaired accuracy at moderate noise levels, while atomoxetine reduced discrimination performance and increased response variability. Our findings demonstrate that NE regulates the balance between signal amplification and noise suppression in a noise- and context-dependent manner. These results extend existing models of neuromodulatory function by linking interlaminar communication and cortical variability to perceptual decision-making."

Journal • Preclinical

Dual-Responsive Ion-Exchange Resin Encapsulated Atomoxetine Hydrochloride for Taste-Masking and Biphasic Release. (PubMed, AAPS PharmSciTech) - "Notably, the plasma drug concentration of ATH ODT remained steadier than that of the commercial product when administered twice. In conclusion, ATH ODT represents a promising formulation that effectively masks bitter taste and provides biphasic release for the treatment of ADHD."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Astaxanthin Mitigates ADHD Symptoms in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats via Dopaminergic Modulation and Brain-Gut Axis Regulation. (PubMed, Molecules) - "Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), widely used ADHD model animals, were treated with ASTA (50/100 mg/kg/day) for three weeks, 5 mg/kg/day atomoxetine (ATO) as the positive, and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats as control...Furthermore, cerebellar cells were protected, and the structure of the intestinal microbiota was regulated. ASTA can mitigate ADHD symptoms in SHR through the modulation of the dopaminergic system, multiple neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, and the neuro-intestinal environment, which establishes ASTA as a promising nutraceutical candidate for adjunctive therapy in pediatric ADHD."

Journal • Preclinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Mood Disorders • Pediatrics • Psychiatry

Pharmacogenomic Implications of Genes on the American College of Medical Genetics Secondary Findings List (PAS 2025) - "In one case, a child with a pathogenic variant SDHA, associated with risk of pheochromocytoma, was prescribed atomoxetine for ADHD which may interfere with the annual screenings of metanephrine levels... Of the 81 genes reviewed, 30 (37%) had Level 1 or Level 2 interactions. PharmGKB identified 3/4 (75%) Level 1 interactions and 5/26 (19%) Level 2 interactions. GeneReviews identified 3/4 (75%) Level 1 interactions and 19/26 (73%) Level 2 interactions."

Biomarker • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Endocrine Cancer • Genetic Disorders • Oncology • Psychiatry • Solid Tumor • Ventricular Tachycardia • SDHA

Dopaminergic medications as a preventive for myopia: insights derived from pediatric patients diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. (PubMed, Postgrad Med J) - "Untreated ADHD in children is linked to a higher myopia risk than both non-ADHD individuals and treated ADHD patients. Dopaminergic treatments may provide a therapeutic avenue for mitigating myopia progression by enhancing dopamine signaling pathways. Key messages What is already known on this topic  Dopamine release in the retina inhibits myopia progression, and ADHD is linked to dopaminergic dysfunction. ADHD treatments like methylphenidate enhance dopamine signaling, but their effect on myopia risk has not been thoroughly studied. What this study adds  This study shows that untreated ADHD children have a higher risk of myopia, while dopaminergic treatments significantly reduce this risk. The use of multiple ADHD medications further strengthens the protective effect. How this study might affect research, practice or policy  These findings suggest that ADHD treatments may serve as a new approach for myopia prevention, encouraging cross-field research and..."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Ophthalmology • Pediatrics • Psychiatry

Comparative cardiovascular safety of medications for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents, and adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Lancet Psychiatry) - "Practitioners should monitor blood pressure and pulse in patients with ADHD treated with any pharmacological intervention, and not stimulants only. Given the short duration of available randomised controlled trials, new research providing insights on the causal effects of ADHD medications on cardiovascular parameters in the longer term should be funded."

Journal • Retrospective data • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

The combination of pimavanserin and atomoxetine reduces obstructive sleep apnea severity: a randomized crossover trial. (PubMed, Chest) - "Pimavanserin with atomoxetine is a strong pharmacological therapy candidate for OSA."

Journal • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

In utero exposure to methylphenidate, amphetamines and atomoxetine and offspring neurodevelopmental disorders - a population-based cohort study and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Mol Psychiatry) - "This study replicates safety data for methylphenidate and extends it with new safety data on amphetamines and atomoxetine. These findings are crucial for informing clinical guidelines and helping healthcare providers and expectant mothers make informed decisions."

Journal • Retrospective data • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Autism Spectrum Disorder • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Psychiatry

MCOS: Atomoxetine in Melanocortin Obesity Syndrome (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=20 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

New P2 trial • Genetic Disorders • Obesity

Pyridostigmine in the management of orthostatic hypotension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Open Heart) - "Pyridostigmine may be useful in the management of OH, particularly in patients with supine hypertension. The standing BP response to pyridostigmine may be greater in patients who have a relatively preserved baroreflex function and sympathetic reserve."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Hypotension

Effectiveness of Atomoxetine and Stimulant Combination in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Treatment: A Systematic Review. (PubMed, Cureus) - "For ADHD treatment, stimulants are widely considered first-line medications, with methylphenidate formulations being the most commonly prescribed. The heterogeneity in definitions and metrics carries over into population characteristics and analyses of each study, all of which contribute to the overall indirectness of evidence toward the defined question. For future studies, the current research question should be narrowed down to investigate specific ADHD patient subpopulations, with standardized protocols with consistent definitions and statistical methods to conduct prospective randomized controlled studies across multiple sites with longer follow-up periods, to have more meaningful answers regarding optimal combinations of atomoxetine with various stimulant formulations for long-term outcomes."

Journal • Review • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Psychiatry

Clinical efficacy of atomoxetine hydrochloride combined with electroencephalographic biofeedback in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. (PubMed, eNeuro) - "During the treatment period, there was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between both groups (P > 0.05). The treatment combination of ATX HCI and EEG biofeedback is effective for children with ADHD, improving their behavioral issues and psychological conditions.Significance statement This study lays a foundation to explore the combined effects of ATX HCI and EEG biofeedback in children with ADHD."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Bioethical evaluation of methylphenidate and atomoxetine for pediatric ADHD and cognitive enhancement. (PubMed, Philos Ethics Humanit Med) - "The study advocates for a cautious approach to cognitive enhancement, emphasizing the preservation of the individual's well-being over performance gains. In the context of ADHD treatment, it calls for an ethical examination of the long-term effects of Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine use in children and adolescents, recommending a preference for behavioral treatments when possible. Pediatric ADHD: There is a notable scarcity of data regarding the prevalence of therapeutic benefits and/or adverse effects in treatments exceeding 30 weeks. Furthermore, clinical trials concerning its safety and the lack of long-term data compromise the principle of non-maleficence, as we know that the use of Methylphenidate can lead to sleep disorders, anorexic conditions, nervous disorders, and has occasionally been associated with cardiac events. It also has effects on pregnancy that can lead to malformations in offspring. And although the unwanted effects associated with atomoxetine..."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Anorexia • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Pediatrics • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Is Integrating Acupuncture into the Management of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Among Children and Adolescents Now Opportune and Evidence-Based? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. (PubMed, Complement Ther Med) - "Acupuncture may offer an alternative for children and adolescents with ADHD who are intolerant to medication (primarily Methylphenidate). When combined with medication or behavioral therapy, it appeared more effective in ameliorating hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention and conduct problems than standard treatments alone. It is also safe and well-tolerated. However, the supporting evidence is of low quality, and well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed. Thus, it is premature to recommend acupuncture as an alternative or adjunctive therapy for ADHD management."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Anorexia • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Constipation • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Pain • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder • Xerostomia

Metabolomic and lipidomic profiling reveals convergent pathways in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder therapeutics: Insights from established and emerging treatments. (PubMed, J Pharmacol Exp Ther) - "We characterized the metabolomic signatures of the adgrl3.1 mutant zebrafish ADHD model and examined the impact of methylphenidate, guanfacine, atomoxetine, and 5 novel putative therapeutics identified in a prior screen, including amlodipine. Untargeted metabolomics revealed that both established and novel attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medications influence common amino acid and lipid metabolism pathways, suggesting systemic effects. Notably, amlodipine showed similar impacts as current drugs, offering promise as an alternative therapy."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Psychiatry • Solid Tumor

Acute Renal Failure Due to Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Interstitial Nephritis (NKF-SCM 2025) - "Praliperidone was held given its potential contribution to hyponatremia and Haldol alongside her home medications of Topiramate, Atomoxetine and Hydroxyzine were started. Improvement in this patient would support this hypothesis.Conclusion Patients on psychiatric medication require close renal function monitoring. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics like Praliperidone should be titrated or discontinued at signs of kidney injury, as they are not hemodialyzable, increasing the risk of mortality."

Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Heart Failure • Hepatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pain • Psychiatry • Renal Disease • Schizophrenia • MB

Drug-Induced Liver Injury-Pharmacological Spectrum Among Children. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Half of pediatric iDILI cases are linked to antibiotics, mostly amoxicillin-clavulanate, in the immune-allergic group, while autoimmune DILI is the hallmark of minocycline and nitrofurantoin. A similar tendency was observed in anti-tuberculosis drugs, higher incidences being reported in children below three years old. Current data show growing cases of iDILI related to antineoplastic agents, atomoxetine, and albendazole, so that it is advisable for clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion regarding iDILI."

Journal • Review • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Oncology • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Seasonal trends in methylphenidate use: A mirror of misuse or compliance? (PubMed, S Afr J Psychiatr) - "The unit sales of MPH were compared to those of atomoxetine for the same period. It is crucial to balance accessibility to treatment with the prevention of misuse of MPH. Our findings highlight the need to reconsider current policies and regulations regarding the appropriate diagnosis and management of ADHD and the scripting, dispensing and monitoring of MPH."

Compliance • Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

ADHD in adults and criminal behavior: The role of psychiatric comorbidities and clinical and sociodemographic factors in a clinical sample. (PubMed, Int J Law Psychiatry) - "Adult ADHD, particularly in males, with combined presentation and in the presence of comorbidities such as oppositional defiant disorder and alcohol use disorder, is associated with an increased risk of criminal behavior. The findings highlight the need for personalized and multimodal interventions to mitigate these risks. Future studies should adopt longitudinal designs to explore causal dynamics and evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic strategies in forensic contexts."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Behavior Disorders • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Psychiatry

Exploring the potential association between stimulant or atomoxetine use and suicidal or self-injurious behaviors in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: real-world insights from the FAERS database. (PubMed, Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry) - "The FAERS database (2004Q1-2023Q4) was queried and SSIBs cases associated with stimulants (methylphenidate, and amphetamine) or atomoxetine were identified. Conversely, the opposite trend was observed in the atomoxetine group. The observed differences in time to onset highlight the importance of individualized screening for SSIBs across various populations, ultimately improving patient outcomes in the follow-up of stimulants or atomoxetine recipients."

Journal • Real-world evidence • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Pediatrics • Psychiatry

Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Outpatients With a History of Disordered Eating Symptoms. (PubMed, Clin Neuropharmacol) - "Our findings are consistent with those of previous reports and suggest that ADHD treatment, including treatment with stimulant medications, is safe and tolerable for patients with a history of restrictive eating disorder symptoms."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Anorexia • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Multidimensional Comparison of Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children, a 12-Week, Open-Label, Head-to-Head Clinical Trial. (PubMed, Psychiatry Investig) - "Although both methylphenidate and atomoxetine are capable of effectively ameliorating ADHD, methylphenidate demonstrates a superior ability to improve core symptoms of ADHD, as well as address conduct problems, cognitive transfer abilities, and frontal lobe function in pediatric patients. Conversely, atomoxetine is the best choice for cases comorbid with anxiety."

Head-to-Head • Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Mental Retardation • Mood Disorders • Pediatrics • Psychiatry • Psychosomatic Disorders

Evaluating the Efficacy of Atomoxetine in Reducing Primary Nocturnal Enuresis in Children With ADHD: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=100 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Tanta University

New P1 trial • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry • Urinary Incontinence