amikacin sulfate / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Homozygous STAT-1 Loss of Function Presenting with Recurrent Respiratory Infections and Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (CIS 2025) - "She was started on prophylactic IVIG and acyclovir and regularly screened for EBV, CMV, and HHV-6...Ultimately, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia was diagnosed by PCR from bronchoalveolar lavage; she improved with trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole...Given high risk for myco-bacterial infection, empiric treatment with azithromycin, amikacin, and linezolid was initiated...Planned conditioning regimen was rituximab, targeted dosing rATG, targeted busulfan, targeted fludarabine, and thiotepa...Graft-versus-host prophylaxis was tocilizumab and abatacept... Complete STAT1 deficiency is a severe immunodeficiency that is historically fatal in early life without curative HSCT. Our case supports the need for early transplant before the acquisition of and complications due to severe infections."

Bone Marrow Transplantation • Graft versus Host Disease • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Primary Immunodeficiency • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections • IFNG • STAT1

Gram-negative bacterial sepsis, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and treatment outcomes at two neonatal intensive care units in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A retrospective observational study. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Klebsiella spp. was the most common GNB isolated from the NICUs. More than half neonatal sepsis was caused by MDR organisms and associated with significant poor treatment outcomes. high prevalence of MDR-gram-negative bacteremia is alarming and highlights the need for the implementation of routine surveillance and infection control measures to decrease morbidity and mortality and to combat the development of antimicrobial resistance."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

Synthesis of rice husk-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for treatment of amikacin-induced kidney injury in male rats. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "In vivo, rice husk-loaded chitosan NPs significantly restored kidney function biomarkers, lowered oxidative stress and inflammation. In conclusion, rice husk-loaded chitosan NPs is a nephroprotective treatment."

Journal • Preclinical • Inflammation • Renal Disease

Microbiological profile of slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria species other than Mycobacterium avium complex. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "Clarithromycin, rifabutin, and amikacin demonstrated high levels of effectiveness across all species. A specific susceptibility profile was observed among all the species. The in vitro profiles of the most frequent species correlated with the clinical treatment guidelines, reinforcing the supporting role of DST in the design of individualized treatment for each patient."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Respiratory Diseases

CLINICAL EFFICACY OF ANTIMICROBIAL LOCK THERAPY IN MANAGING CENTRAL LINE-ASSOCIATED BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS: A SINGLE-CENTER RETROSPECTIVE STUDY (ESPID 2025) - "(tablo-1) The most frequently identified gram-positive pathogen was Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=14/24), with ALT primarily performed using vancomycin. Among gram-negative pathogens, Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 8/21) was the most common, with ALT most often utilizing amikacin...(tablo-2) Conclusions/Learning Points ALT is a valuable adjunct in managing CLABSIs, particularly in addressing the challenges posed by MDR organisms and biofilm formation. These findings underscore the importance of ALT as an effective strategy for improving patient outcomes and advancing infection management in pediatric clinical practice."

Retrospective data • Infectious Disease

AI-GENERATED TOOLS IN ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP: DEVELOPING AND TESTING A SCRIPT FOR ANALYZING THE EFFICACY OF EMPIRICAL ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY IN PAEDIATRIC FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA (ESPID 2025) - "Empirical Treatment Efficacy 95%CI Meropenem 100% 98-100% Ceftazidime 81% 74-86% Piperacillin/tazobactam 77% 72-82% Ciprofloxacin 77% 70-83% Piperacillin/tazobactam+Amikacin 98% 96-99% Ceftazidime+Amikacin 96% 94-98% Piperacillin/tazobactam+Ciprofloxacin 96% 93-97% Ceftazidime+Ciprofloxacin 86% 82-90% Conclusions/Learning Points We validated the script functionality, demonstrating the efficacy of empirical therapy currently in use with P/T plus amikacin against most isolated pathogens in FN. We relay that the use of this tool could be applied in other paediatric populations, with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of empirical therapies and support the development of local resistance-driven guidelines."

Clinical

Mycobacterium Avium Complex Biofilm in a Lung Cavity (ATS 2025) - "This was treated with chemotherapy, erlotinib and radiation therapy for brain metastasis...Sputum collected two months pre-operatively demonstrated many acid-fast bacilli (AFB) on smear, and rough and smooth variants of M. intracellulare subspecies chimaera, susceptible to clarithromycin and amikacin. We treated her with oral azithromycin, ethambutol, clofazimine, and omadacycline; inhaled amikacin and off-label ceftazidime-avibactam IV were added for additional coverage during the perioperative period...To our knowledge, this is the first report of MAC biofilm in a human. MAC biofilm within cavities may be a cause of disease that is refractory to medical therapy."

Cough • Fibrosis • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Immunology • Leukopenia • Lung Cancer • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor

Therapeutic Management of an Immunocompromised Patient With Disseminated M. Avium Disease (ATS 2025) - "The patient was treated with clarithromycin, ethambutol, rifabutin, moxifloxacin, and cycloserine for two years, with amikacin added for the first six months, which led to hearing loss...A salvage regimen was initiated, including amikacin, tedizolid, clofazimine, ceftazidime/avibactam, isoniazid, delamanid, and ethambutol, as well as antiepileptic treatment and IFNγ administration...Dexamethasone plus intensified NTM treatment...Due to previous Gram-negative infections, his regimen was modified to include daptomycin, meropenem/vaborbactam, and colistimethate...He was placed on meropenem and ceftriaxone with clofazimine, isoniazid, linezolid, cycloserine, bedaquiline, and pretomanid. NeurologicaMl declinerequired intubation, and despite aggressive treatment, he ultimately succumbed to sepsis.ConclusionsThis case demonstrates the necessity for high clinical suspicion of mycobacterial infection in granulomatous diseases unresponsive to standard therapies. Effective..."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • IFNG • IL12A

Activity of imipenem-relebactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam and comparators against clinical isolates of Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing severe infections in hematological and oncological patients: a prospective multicenter study. (PubMed, Int J Antimicrob Agents) - "TOL/TAZ and IMP/REL were the most active of the beta-lactams against PA. IMP/REL was the most active agent against EB; 30% of the isolates were resistant to levofloxacin."

Clinical • Journal • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Urology

Whole genome comparisons reveal gut-to-lung translocation of Escherichia coli and Burkholderia cenocepacia in two cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU patients. (PubMed, Respir Res) - "This study demonstrates the gut-to-lung translocation of E. coli and B. cenocepacia, highlighting their role in the development and progression of VAP in ICU patients. These findings provide valuable insights for implementing targeted prevention and treatment strategies for VAP in ICU settings."

Journal • Critical care • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Dose Optimization of Amikacin in the Emergency Department: A Population Pharmacokinetics Simulation Study. (PubMed, Ther Drug Monit) - "A flat dose is recommended over weight-based dosing. However, selecting a 1500-mg or 3500-mg dose may compromise either efficacy (MIC 2 mg/L) or safety (clinical breakpoint 8 mg/L), posing a dilemma. Clinical validation is warranted."

Journal • PK/PD data • Chronic Kidney Disease • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Septic Shock

Prevention of Ototoxicity in NTM Patients Treated With IV Amikacin (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=105 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Kevin Winthrop | Trial completion date: Jan 2027 ➔ Feb 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2027 ➔ Feb 2028

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Infectious Disease • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Otorhinolaryngology

The Culprit Was Under the Nose: A Refractory Case of Chronic Sinusitis With Polyposis Due to P. Aeruginosa Colonization (ATS 2025) - "This is a 39-year-old male with History of Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), CRSwNP, and who has been followed by Allergy and ENT due to unrelenting sinusitis for the past ten years...He received Omalizumab and Dupilumab a year and a half each with no improvement seen...ID was consulted and recommended 21 days of IV antibiotics, amikacin nasal rinses, and to start dupixumab...Highly-virulent organisms like Pseudomonas are known to infect CRS patients after surgeries, and require IV antibiotics to adequately treat, but are associated to immunocompromise states and Cystic fibrosis (CF). This case shows how Pseudomonas infection may also occur in an immunocompetent, non-CF patient, thus should remain in the differential in patient with recurrent disease."

Clinical • Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps • Cough • Cystic Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Nasal Polyps • Otorhinolaryngology • Pain • Respiratory Diseases • Sinusitis

Therapeutic approaches for septicemia induced by multidrug-resistant bacteria using desert-adapted plants. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "Multidrug resistance was widespread, with many isolates showing high resistance to various antibiotics, although all were susceptible to colistin. Evaluation of desert-adapted plant extracts revealed that J. candicans exhibited the most potent antimicrobial activity and the strongest COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activities, as well as antioxidant effects, compared to other extracts and Celecoxib, with a concentration required to achieve 50% enzyme inhibition (IC50) value of 71.97 μg/mL for antioxidant activity...Histopathological analysis of mice showed that the combination of J. candicans extract and amikacin resulted in reduced severity of pulmonary lesions and splenic damage compared to amikacin alone. We highlighted the potential of J. candicans extracts as combination therapies alongside traditional antibiotics for combating MDR Gram-negative infections, due to their superior antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Evaluation of the relatedness between the biofilm-associated genes and antimicrobial resistance among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in the southwest Iran. (PubMed, Iran J Microbiol) - "All isolates displayed multi-drug resistance, with the highest resistance rates observed against ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100%). Gentamicin and amikacin showed the lowest resistance rates at 70% and 84%, respectively...Biofilm production significantly contributes to the prevalence of multi-drug resistant A. baumannii strains. It is essential to implement effective antimicrobial stewardship and develop innovative anti-biofilm strategies to address this global health issue."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease • PER1

Extremely Delayed Diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis in an Elderly Female Presenting with IgG Subclass Deficiency (CIS 2025) - "Diagnosed with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), she initiallyunderwent triple therapy, later switched to inhaled amikacin due to medication intolerance...Sweat chloride testing revealed intermediate results, and she was started on elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor, leading to marked improvement in sputum clearance and overall health...Misattributed symptoms delayed appropriate treatment for decades. CFTR modulators significantly improved outcomes in this patient, emphasizing the need for a high index of suspicion in adults with similar clinical features, particularly those with infertility or high-risk ancestry."

Clinical • Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis • Bronchiectasis • Celiac Disease • Cystic Fibrosis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Infertility • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Pancreatitis • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Primary Immunodeficiency • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Sexual Disorders • CFTR

Resveratrol Improves Unilateral Nephrectomy/Amikacin-Induced Oxidative Injury in Rat Kidney Tissue. (PubMed, Mol Nutr Food Res) - "Resveratrol treatment significantly improved body weight, renal compensatory growth, and several biochemical parameters. These results indicate that resveratrol may represent a promising nutritional strategy for safeguarding kidney function and architecture in renal injury contexts."

Journal • Preclinical • Chronic Kidney Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease

BromAc® Removes Biofilm From Endotracheal Tubes and Exhibits Antibacterial Effect in Mucoid and Non-Mucoid Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (ATS 2025) - "In vitro, biofilms from mucoidal (PA-183, PA-297, PA-298) and non-mucoidal (PA-201) strains were grown on ETTs in a 48-well plate for 48 hours and exposed to BromAc® 6.25-50ug/5mg/ml +/- antibiotic (Colistin, Tobramycin, Amikacin, Gentamicin at 0.72-64ug/ml) for 24 hours (triplicate). In-vitro, BromAc® alone and in combination with antibiotic removed biofilms and reduced bacterial load of Pseudomonas Aeroginosa. The ability of BromAc® to remove biofilm, especially when caused by Pseudomonas Aeroginosa, holds potential to reduce the burden of VAP in mechanically ventilated patients."

Late-breaking abstract • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

A Squeaky Lung Mass: A Case of a Rare NTM Disease (ATS 2025) - "We present the case of a 67-year-old female with a medical history of Hodgkin's disease treated with mantle radiation, breast cancer treated with bilateral mastectomy on anastrozole, and progressive lung disease with bronchiectasis status post-right middle and lower lobe lobectomies...Albuterol, N-acetylcysteine, as well as multiple courses of suppressive antibiotics with azithromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole over several years provided some relief...The patient started on moxifloxacin, rifabutin, and ethambutol...Due to her history of bronchiectasis and lung resection, parenteral amikacin was considered. Once diagnosed, treatment courses are recommended to continue for at least 12 months from culture conversion. If culture conversion is not achieved, surgical intervention may be a consideration if tolerated, with an 87% culture conversion rate."

Clinical • Breast Cancer • Bronchiectasis • Hodgkin Lymphoma • Infectious Disease • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Oncology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor

Pleural Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) Empyema: A Rare Presentation of Disseminated Mac Infection in a Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus/Dermatomyositis Overlap (ATS 2025) - "Treatment was adjusted to clarithromycin, ethambutol, and rifabutin...He is currently treated with rifabutin, ethambutol, azithromycin, and amikacin with close monitoring via pulmonology, rheumatology, and infectious disease... This case illustrates an atypical presentation of an uncommon infection, specifically the complexities of managing MAC empyema in immunocompromised patients with autoimmune disorders. While MAC infections are rare, their prevalence in immunocompromised patients is increasing, warranting high index of suspicious and aggressive treatment. Importantly, further research into optimal management is needed."

Clinical • Dermatomyositis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lupus • Myositis • Respiratory Diseases • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus • Tuberculosis

A Life-saving Journey: Miliary Tuberculosis as ARDS in a Newly Diagnosed AIDS Patient - Early TB Treatment Enables VV ECMO Weaning (ATS 2025) - "Initially, broad-spectrum antibiotics, including meropenem, were administered...Therefore, second-line anti-TB therapy with amikacin and levofloxacin were initiated, along with steroids upon ICU admission...While the timely initiation of injectable anti-TB medications led to significant clinical improvement, careful monitoring is essential. Consulting with infectious disease and tuberculosis specialists is critical to balance the benefits of early treatment against potential risks associated with compromised organ function."

Clinical • Acute Kidney Injury • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Anorexia • Cough • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Hypotension • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • Tuberculosis • CD4

Constrictive Bronchiolitis With Paraneoplastic Autoimmune Multi-organ Syndrome Treated With Lung Transplantation (ATS 2025) - "6 months prior, she was diagnosed with abdominal grade 1 follicular lymphoma, treated with Bendamustine and Rituximab...Secondary to radiographic findings consistent with NTM-PD (bronchial wall thickening and mucoid impaction) and pending lung transplant, she was treated with omadacycline, tedizolid, amikacin and clofazimine until sputum culture negativity (3-months)...Post-operatively she was started on Tacrolimus, Mycophenolate Mofetil and Prednisone...Her lymphoma recurrence risk was very low after 2 years of remission following initial treatment, and as her lymphoma was not associated with immunosuppression, post-transplant immunosuppression likely does not increase risk of recurrence. Additionally, while mycobacterium abscessus poses significant risks, intensive treatment in the peri-transplant period can help allow for safe transplantation."

Follicular Lymphoma • Hematological Malignancies • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Lymphoma • Oncology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation

Longitudinal Changes in St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire Scores Following Culture Conversion in Patients With Mycobacterium Avium Complex Lung Disease (ATS 2025) - P3 | "This abstract is funded by: Insmed Incorporated Rationale Amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) is indicated for treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease as part of a combination antibacterial drug regimen for adult patients who do not achieve negative sputum cultures after at least 6 consecutive months of multidrug antibiotic therapy...The same trend was observed across the 3 health domains measured by the SGRQ, with a 7.8 point reduction in Symptoms, 6.2 point reduction in Activity, and 7.9 point reduction in Impact at EOT+3 months (P<0.05 for all). Conclusions After treatment was completed, patients who achieved sputum culture conversion experienced significant reduction in SGRQ scores from baseline, which may indicate improvement across all included health domains."

Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Real-world Experience of Prolonged Treatment for Patients With Treatment-refractory Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (ATS 2025) - "Clofazimine (32.0% vs. 11.0%, p=0.008) and inhaled amikacin (28.0% vs. 9.6%, p=0.015) were more frequently used in the prolonged group. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged treatment increases the risk of adverse events and may elevate the likelihood of acquiring macrolide resistance. Given the similar overall treatment outcomes and occasional delayed culture conversions, prolonged treatment could be a viable option for managing refractory NTM-PD in patients who can tolerate side effects, though careful monitoring for macrolide resistance is recommended."

Clinical • Nontuberculous mycobacteria • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Eosinophilic Systemic Drug Reaction With Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium Therapy (ATS 2025) - "Treatment was planned with inhaled liposomal amikacin, clofazimine, and minocycline but was not started at the time due to patient reluctance...Based on sensitivities, treatment was started with doxycycline, cefoxitin, inhaled liposomal amikacin, and clofazimine...The presence of HHV-6 DNA suggests a potential reactivation of latent infection, which may have contributed to the patient's immune response and exacerbated his condition. Clinicians should remain vigilant for signs of DRESS and consider viral infections in patients receiving prolonged antimicrobial therapies."

Cough • Dermatology • Eosinophilia • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Infectious Disease • Pain • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases