azithromycin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Analysis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility trends (MIC creep) from North India: A 15-years' experience! (PubMed, Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol) - "The MIC for penicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, azithromycin, and spectinomycin was determined using the E-test method. Conclusion There appears to be no immediate threat to the therapies currently being used in syndromic management for genitourinary discharge. However, MIC-based monitoring of crucial antimicrobials is imperative."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Urology

Benefit of azithromycin with platelet-rich fibrin in clinical osteoimmunology regarding autogenous bone grafting: A retrospective cohort study. (PubMed, Int J Oral Implantol (Berl)) - "The combination of platelet-rich fibrin and azithromycin markedly enhanced the success of autogenous bone grafts, likely due to the immunomodulatory effects of azithromycin on the receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB ligand pathway. These findings support further investigation into this approach, particularly guided bone regeneration."

Journal • Retrospective data • Allergy • Immunology • Orthopedics

Infections with the human pathogenic Mycoplasma species M. genitalium and M. pneumoniae : Current epidemiological aspects (PubMed, Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesund) - "While its epidemiological significance is limited, resistance to the guideline-recommended antibiotics azithromycin and moxifloxacin is increasing, reaching 69% and 25%, respectively, in samples tested in the German consulting laboratory in recent years. Even higher rates are to be expected in high-risk groups (e.g., men who have sex with men), where M. genitalium is relatively frequent. Under these conditions, therapy can only be successful with a resistance-guided treatment concept.This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on both pathogens."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

A Chilling Complication: Severe Ceftriaxone-Induced Cold Agglutinin Hemolysis in Sickle Cell Disease (ASPHO 2025) - "Design/ A 5-year-old male with hemoglobin SS disease presented with ACS and was treated with ceftriaxone, azithromycin, and supportive care. This case highlights the critical need for vigilance when prescribing ceftriaxone in patients with SCD. Early recognition of hemolysis, particularly in the setting of CAD, is essential for preventing life-threatening outcomes. Prompt cessation of the offending agent, drug-specific antibody testing, and comprehensive supportive care, including warmed transfusions and temperature regulation, are paramount."

Acute Kidney Injury • Anemia • Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia • Complement-mediated Rare Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Nephrology • Pediatrics • Renal Disease • Sickle Cell Disease

Fatal Ceftriaxone-Induced Hemolytic Anemia in a Patient With Sickle Cell Disease: A Case Report (ASPHO 2025) - "A chest x-ray demonstrated pneumonia and lab work found mild hemolysis, and he empirically started IV ceftriaxone and azithromycin but remained hospitalized due to persistent fevers and worsening lung consolidation. While ceftriaxone is a cornerstone treatment for ACS, this case highlights that its widespread use does not ensure safety. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of early recognition for drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia, particularly in patients with underlying hemolytic disorders at increased risk of complications."

Case report • Clinical • Anemia • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cough • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Ischemic stroke • Metabolic Disorders • Pain • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Sickle Cell Disease

Rare Psmb10 Mutation in an Infant With Proteasome-Derived Omenn Syndrome (ASPHO 2025) - "Our patient continues to do well, now on Bactrim, azithromycin, and isavuconazonium prophylaxis, subcutaneous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil. Considering the patient's degree of athymia and increased morbidity and mortality associated with HSCT, thymic transplant versus allogenic stem cell transplant is still being contemplated."

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Primary Immunodeficiency • Respiratory Diseases • CD4 • CD8 • PSMB10 • RAG1

Long Term Follow UP of a Child With a Rare Hemoglobinopathy: Hemoglobin Little Venice (ASPHO 2025) - "At 14, she was treated for asymptomatic babesiosis with atovaquone and Zithromax...She has significant transfusion-associated hemosiderosis and receives double chelation with deferasirox and deferiprone with a marked history of noncompliance... Currently, little is known regarding treatment for Hemoglobin Little Venice; we continue chronic blood transfusions and encourage compliance with iron chelation. A similar variant affecting the same codon, Hb Hammersmith [β42 Phe→Ser, HBB:c.128T>C] has comparatively more data in the literature which may offer some general guidance."

Clinical • Anemia • Gastroenterology • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Thrombocytopenia • Thrombocytosis

Computational investigation of natural compounds as inhibitors against macrolide-resistant protein using virtual screening, molecular docking and MD simulations. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Macrolide resistance is the ability of bacteria to survive the effects of macrolide antibiotics, which include drugs such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin. The results indicate that these compounds could potentially serve as inhibitors of macrolide resistance. However, while computational validations were part of this research, additional in-vitro studies are necessary to develop these potential inhibitors into therapeutic drugs."

Journal

The First Case of Antimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella Stanley ST29 Diagnosed Secondary to Acute Cholecystitis. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "It was resistant to six antimicrobial agents, including ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, azithromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol. The case of Salmonella Stanley ST29 isolated from a patient with diarrhoea lasting 55 days secondary to cholecystitis aligns with the characteristics of high drug resistance and relatively low virulence. This highlights the need for increased vigilance in clinical practice regarding invasive cases and the significant disease burden associated with the intestinal migration of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella isolates."

Journal • Gastroenterology • Hepatology • Infectious Disease

A New Strategy for Chronic Endometritis Treatment Using Fermented Soy Product (ImmuBalance™). (PubMed, J Reprod Infertil) - "A total of 819 women with CE were treated with antibiotics-1 (doxycycline, n=809) or IMB (n=10, Group 1)...Subsequently, 194 patients were treated with antibiotics-1 (n=4) or -2 (amoxicillin, azithromycin, and metronidazole, n=190), whereas 15 were treated with IMB (n=15, Group 2)...CE was treated in 100% of cases in Group 2 and 3 (15/15 and 4/4, respectively). Based on the findings of this study, administration of IMB may be effective in treating CE, especially following antibiotic treatment."

Journal • Endometriosis • SDC1

Antibiotic use patterns and factors associated with leukocyte decrease in COVID-19 patients with suspected secondary infections: A cross-sectional study in Indonesia. (PubMed, Narra J) - "The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were azithromycin, levofloxacin, and ceftriaxone. Broad-spectrum antibiotics from the World Health Organization (WHO) AWaRe "Watch" category dominated the antibiotic prescriptions in the patients. While antibiotic selection was generally aligned with pathogen type and comorbidities, standardized guidelines remain crucial to optimizing antibiotic use, particularly in settings with limited pathogen testing."

Journal • Observational data • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Genomic characterization and antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella spp. clinical isolates: A single-centre hospital-based exploratory study from Uttarakhand, India. (PubMed, Microb Pathog) - "This study indicates that Salmonella strains are susceptible to most antibiotics for enteric fever, except fluoroquinolones. However, gathering data from diverse Indian regions is essential to understanding regional variations in Salmonella antimicrobial resistance emergence."

Journal • Infectious Disease

A nature-inspired metal-free electrocatalyst towards efficient electron transfer and robust cascade oxygen reduction for wastewater treatment. (PubMed, Water Res) - "In particular, PBth-BQ performed well as both anodic and cathodic electrodes in azithromycin mineralization with different oxygen donors, verified by the in-situ mass spectrum. Considering the abundance of quinone-like structures in oxidized carbon materials, this biomimetic design may inspire the further exploration of cheap and efficient electrocatalysts for wastewater treatment."

Journal

Mycobacterium shimoidei cavitary pneumonia: A rare case report, literature review. (PubMed, J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis) - "Sputum cultures grew Mycobacterium shimoidei in two separate collections, and the patient was treated with oral azithromycin, ethambutol, and rifabutin empirically. Thus, only a two-drug regimen including ethambutol and azithromycin was used, on which he improved clinically and cavitary lung lesions decreased in size. In addition, we did a literature review and compiled 41 previously published cases of Mycobacterium shimoidei."

Journal • Cough • Infectious Disease • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Genomic perspectives on NDM Salmonella Typhi, and a case report from India. (PubMed, Infection) - "To date, NDM-producing S. Typhi has been reported only once, from Pakistan. This is the first documented case in India. The presence of blaNDM-5 in S. Typhi poses a serious clinical and public health threat, given its multidrug-resistant nature and potential for interspecies transmission. Continued genomic surveillance is crucial to monitor its spread and guide treatment strategies."

Journal • Cough • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases

NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE INFECTION: FINDINGS FROM A MULTICENTER STUDY IN SPAIN (ESPID 2025) - "Almost all (26/27) received antibiotics (mainly azithromycin), 15/27 received corticosteroids and 12/27 intravenous immunoglobulins...In our series, most patients responded well to antibiotics and adjunctive therapies addressing immune-mediated mechanisms. In an epidemiological outbreak, prompt recognition and treatment of M. pneumoniae are essential to improve outcomes."

Clinical • Infectious Disease

RESURGENCE OF BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS CASES IN FRANCE, GENOMIC INSIGHTS AND EMERGING MACROLIDE RESISTANCE (ESPID 2025) - "Fourteen macrolide-resistant isolates (MIC > 256 mg/L for azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin), carrying the A2047G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene, were identified. Conclusions/Learning Points The current resurgence of pertussis in France involves antigenically distinct isolates compared to those circulating before the COVID-19 pandemic. The possible introduction of macrolide resistance into Europe requires vigilant surveillance and control measures."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pertussis

1600 - MEET THE EXPERT 11: AZITHROMYCIN AND PRESCHOOL WHEEZING - TO GIVE OR NOT TO GIVE? (ESPID 2025) - No abstract available

CHARACTERISTICS OF ADOLESCENTS WITH MYCOPLASMA GENITALIUM SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION IN SPAIN (ESPID 2025) - "Treatment was documented in 11/13 (85%) cases: only 1/13 (8%) received therapy recommended for MG: doxycycline 100mg/12 hours 7 days followed by azithromycin 2.5 g over 4 days. Only one adolescent received guideline-recommended treatment. Efforts to improve diagnosis and treatment for adolescents with MG infection are needed, including STI and pregnancy screening."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

EVALUATING A SINGLE DOSE OF ORAL AZITHROMYCIN DURING LABOUR TO PREVENT INFECTIONS IN INFANTS AND BIRTHING PARENTS IN FIJI: RESULTS FROM A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL (ESPID 2025) - "Conclusions/Learning Points Our study findings strongly support previous evidence demonstrating intrapartum azithromycin prevents a variety of postpartum infections for birthing parents including SSTIs but provides less evidence for its efficacy in preventing infant infections and SSTIs. Further research on public health impacts and target populations is required."

Clinical • Infectious Disease

SHIGELLA PCR-POSITIVE GASTROENTERITIS IN CHILDREN: INSIGHTS FROM A COMPARISON BETWEEN CULTURE-POSITIVE AND CULTURE-NEGATIVE CASES (ESPID 2025) - "Resistance to azithromycin and ceftriaxone was observed in 33% and 64% of isolates, respectively. CT of 27 was a predictor of culture positivity (aOR=6.78, 95% CI 4.22, 11.2, p<0.001) and severe disease (aOR=1.78, 95% CI 1.10, 2.89, p=0.020). Conclusions/Learning Points Diarrheic children <18 years who were Shigella-positive by both stool PCR and culture exhibited lower CT and greater disease severity compared to those with Shigella-positive PCR but negative stool cultures."

Fatal Case of Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis Infection, Japan, 2024. (PubMed, J Infect Chemother) - "Despite initial treatment with azithromycin and a high-flow nasal cannula, her condition deteriorated rapidly, requiring mechanical ventilation and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation...The combination of early infancy and delayed administration of effective antimicrobials likely contributed to the unfavorable outcome in this case. It is imperative to monitor the global dissemination of MRBPs and enhance local diagnostic capabilities."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pertussis • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Lipoid Pneumonia Following Chronic Aspiration of Cannabis Oil Used for the Treatment of Seizures. (PubMed, Chest) - "She was admitted to the hospital and treated with supplemental oxygen and IV ampicillin for a suspected aspiration pneumonia. Because of poor response after 7 days, and respiratory secretions showing moderate growth of Klebsiella oxytoca and light growth of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was added. Azithromycin was also started on day 8 to cover atypical pathogens, then discontinued when Mycoplasma pneumoniae polymerase chain reaction was negative."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Epilepsy • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

An Atypical Presentation of Disseminated Histoplasmosis (ATS 2025) - "He was treated empirically with Piperacillin-Tazobactam, Azithromycin, Dexamethasone, nebulizers, and bilevel positive airway pressure...Given his immunosuppression from Adalimumab, ID postulated this could have been an atypical culprit of multilobar pneumonia...MICU and ID initiated Itraconazole for disseminated histoplasmosis...Immunocompromised individuals are at increased risk of opportunistic and atypical infections, many of which may have an insidious presentation. This case illustrates the importance of maintaining a wide differential diagnosis during work-up of a mass, and the necessity of acquiring tissue pathology for an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment plan."

Anorexia • Cachexia • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • CNS Disorders • Cough • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genito-urinary Cancer • Head and Neck Cancer • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Laryngeal Cancer • Musculoskeletal Pain • Oncology • Otorhinolaryngology • Pain • Palliative care • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Cell Carcinoma • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Solid Tumor

Mycobacterium Avium Complex Biofilm in a Lung Cavity (ATS 2025) - "This was treated with chemotherapy, erlotinib and radiation therapy for brain metastasis...Sputum collected two months pre-operatively demonstrated many acid-fast bacilli (AFB) on smear, and rough and smooth variants of M. intracellulare subspecies chimaera, susceptible to clarithromycin and amikacin. We treated her with oral azithromycin, ethambutol, clofazimine, and omadacycline; inhaled amikacin and off-label ceftazidime-avibactam IV were added for additional coverage during the perioperative period...To our knowledge, this is the first report of MAC biofilm in a human. MAC biofilm within cavities may be a cause of disease that is refractory to medical therapy."

Cough • Fibrosis • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Immunology • Leukopenia • Lung Cancer • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor