acyclovir / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Acyclovir induces testicular damage and impairs HPT axis by upregulating oxidative enzymes and inflammatory cytokines in male Wistar rats. (PubMed, JBRA Assist Reprod) - "Acyclovir induced testicular damage by promoting inflammatory response, oxidative damage, and endocrine disruption."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • IL10 • IL1B • IL6 • TNFA

Central Adrenal Insufficiency, Central Hypogonadism, and Optic Neuritis Associated with HSV-1 CNS Infection in a Patient Receiving Pembrolizumab Therapy (ENDO 2025) - "Previously she had developed ICI-induced thyroiditis, currently on levothyroxine...Lumbar puncture detected HSV-1 antibodies, prompting acyclovir initiation...Latent HSV-1 infection evades immune detection by promoting CD8+ T-cell exhaustion via PD-1, TIM-3, and CTLA-4 pathways. By blocking these pathways, ICIs may enhance T-cell activity against latent HSV-1, leading to inflammation of optic nerve and regional pituitary as seen in our case."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Herpes Simplex • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Kidney Cancer • Nephrology • Ocular Inflammation • Oncology • Ophthalmology • Optic Neuritis • Renal Disease • Solid Tumor • CD8 • HAVCR2

Viral Infection Induces Alzheimer's Disease-Related Pathways and Senescence in iPSC-Derived Neuronal Models. (PubMed, bioRxiv) - "Results directly support the Pathogen Infection Hypothesis and suggest that preventing viral infections via vaccinations may represent a feasible approach to reducing AD risk."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease

Concurrent Mpox and HSV-1 Proctitis in a Young Male With AIDS: A Case Report of Treatment Failure. (PubMed, Case Rep Infect Dis) - "Despite initial treatment with oral tecovirimat, acyclovir, and antiretrovirals, the patient's condition worsened, requiring readmission. The patient received intravenous tecovirimat, vaccinia immune globulin, and brincidofovir. Sigmoidoscopy revealed extensive rectal and sigmoid lesions that necessitated prolonged hospitalization and pain management. This case emphasizes the complexity of treating severe coinfections in immunocompromised patients, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach and consideration of alternative therapies when standard treatment fails."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pain • CD4

Long-acting lipegfilgrastim and antimicrobials as vigorous primary prophylaxis in bendamustine-treated patients with indolent B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a multicentric real-life experience. (PubMed, Support Care Cancer) - "Febrile neutropenia (FN) is one of the most important clinical signs of infection, especially for older patients with indolent B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (iBC-NHLs) receiving frontline immune-chemotherapy with bendamustine-rituximab (BR). Data on the optimal strategy for infection prophylaxis from the start of chemotherapy until 1 month after the last cycle is scanty in this setting of patients, and for this reason, we carried out a multicentric retrospective study on vigorous primary anti-infectious prophylaxis consisting of lipegfilgrastim, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and acyclovir...Prophylaxis was well tolerated with grade 3 toxicity (bone pain) in only 10% of patients and was successfully managed with paracetamol or tramadol. Systematic, prompt, and sustained use of vigorous primary anti-infectious prophylaxis was able to reduce the rate of fever episodes, thus averting parenteral antimicrobial administrations, hospitalizations, and immune-chemotherapy..."

Journal • Retrospective data • B Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma • Febrile Neutropenia • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Indolent Lymphoma • Infectious Disease • Lymphoma • Musculoskeletal Pain • Neutropenia • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Oncology • Pain

Herpes Simplex Virus Reactivation and Candida glabrata Fungemia Following Short-Term Corticosteroids in a Patient With Septic Shock. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The patient's HSV-1 dermatitis was treated with acyclovir, and C. glabrata fungemia was treated with micafungin. The case underscores the underrecognized immunosuppressive potential of short-term corticosteroids in the intensive care unit (ICU). It highlights the need for heightened clinical vigilance, especially in patients with predisposing factors such as diabetes, renal impairment, and recent surgical instrumentation."

Journal • Critical care • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Diabetes • Herpes Simplex • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Renal Disease • Septic Shock

CMV gastritis as first presentation in a patient with underlying chronic granular lymphocytic leukaemia – a case report (BSG 2025) - "Immunostain for EBER was negative, but nuclei were highlighted by the CMV immunostain confirming the diagnosis of CMV gastritis.The patient was started on IV acyclovir, and a workup was performed for any underlying immunocompromised condition...Early recognition and antiviral treatment are essential to patient outcomes. Extensive work-up for the underlying immunocompromised condition must be done when CMV infection is diagnosed."

Case report • Clinical • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Dyslipidemia • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Hepatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Oncology • Pain • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • CD4 • CD8

Revisiting Acyclovir Dosing for Adult Viral Encephalitis Using a Full Bayesian LeiCNS PBPK Modeling Approach. (PubMed, Clin Pharmacokinet) - "Alternative dosing strategies involving increased frequency or extended infusion durations appear more effective and safer. Future efforts should focus on refining the PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) relationship between acyclovir exposure and antiviral efficacy to improve therapeutic outcomes."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Herpes Simplex • Herpes Zoster • Infectious Disease • Varicella Zoster

Extracellular Vesicles Released by Bovine Alphaherpesvirus 1-Infected A549 Cells May Limit Subsequent Infections of the Progeny Virus. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Furthermore, incorporation of the known anti-herpesvirus drug Acyclovir (ACY) into the EDVs leads to synergistically enhanced antiviral efficacy. Collectively, the EDVs exhibit antiviral effects by blocking viral binding to target cells and stimulating the innate immune response, thereby leading to the failure of the serial passaging of viral progeny in these cells, and these EDVs may serve as a promising vector for delivering drugs targeting TG tissues for antiviral purposes."

IO biomarker • Journal • Infectious Disease • Lung Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • IFNA1 • IFNB1 • IFNG

Mechanistic Perspectives on Herpes Simplex Virus Inhibition by Phenolic Acids and Tannins: Interference with the Herpesvirus Life Cycle. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Conventional antiviral drugs such as acyclovir and its derivatives are limited by drug resistance, potential toxicity, and their inability to eradicate latent viral reservoirs...Phenolic acids and tannins, plant-derived polyphenolic compounds, have attracted considerable attention due to their potent antiviral properties against various viruses, including HSV. This review summarizes current research on phenolic acids and tannins as promising natural antivirals against HSV, with a focus on their mechanisms of action and efficacy in disrupting multiple stages of the HSV life cycle."

Journal • Review • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease

Letermovir for CMV Prevention After Lung Transplantation (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=16 | Completed | Sponsor: Fernanda P Silveira, MD, MS | Active, not recruiting ➔ Completed | Trial completion date: Jul 2025 ➔ Mar 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2025 ➔ Mar 2025

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Neutropenia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation

Pritelivir for the Treatment of Nucleoside Analogue-Resistant Orolabial Herpes Simplex Virus 2 in a Person Living with HIV. (PubMed, J Assoc Med Microbiol Infect Dis Can) - "The patient received multiple treatment courses including nucleoside analogue therapy, topical and intravenous foscarnet and cidofovir, and topical imiquimod but these failed to establish a significant and durable therapeutic response...Subsequent genotyping revealed a M183X mutation in UL23 expected to convey resistance to acyclovir and penciclovir...Pritelivir is a novel helicase-primase inhibitor that appears to be an attractive option for management of resistant herpes simplex infections due to its unique mechanism, excellent oral bioavailability, and minimal toxicity. To our knowledge, this is the first described case of treatment of nucleoside analogue-resistant orolabial herpes simplex 2 infection with pritelivir and the first documented use of pritelivir in Canada."

Journal • Herpes Simplex • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Disseminated Herpes Simplex Virus-1 in Previously Healthy Child Without Skin Rash: Case report and literature review. (PubMed, Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J) - "A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) finding of HSV as well as positive HSV IgM serology resulted in a diagnosis of disseminated HSV (encephalitis/hepatitis). She received acyclovir course and during follow-up for 1 year showed excellent developmental outcome."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Dermatology • Herpes Simplex • Inflammation

Primary Varicella Pneumonia in an Adult With Robust Immune Status: A Case Report. (PubMed, Clin Case Rep) - "Primary varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection is infrequent in adults, but it causes more than 10 to 20 times the morbidity and mortality seen in healthy children and pneumonia being the most prevalent consequence. Early recognition and aggressive management of primary varicella pneumonia with antiviral therapy and supportive care is essential to prevent severe complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)."

Journal • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Herpes Zoster • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Varicella Zoster

Subacute herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis: a case report. (PubMed, Encephalitis) - "Typical imaging findings, CSF analysis, and polymerase chain reaction results positive for herpes simplex virus-1 confirmed a diagnosis of HSE. The insidious symptomatology of this case led to delayed acyclovir administration and the patient unfortunately died 4 days after diagnosis."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease • Pain

Insights into the antiviral mechanisms of β-caryophyllene: inhibiting viral spread and its synergy with acyclovir. (PubMed, BMC Complement Med Ther) - "These findings suggest that BCP is a promising complementary therapy for HSV-1 infection, with the potential to reduce the emergence of drug resistance. However, further preclinical and clinical studies are warranted to fully validate its therapeutic efficacy and safety before patient application."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Adherence to Bell's Palsy Clinical Practice Guidelines: A Nationwide Retrospective Analysis (AAO-HNSF 2025) - "Data collected included the administration of corticosteroids within 72 hours, the use of antivirals (valacyclovir or acyclovir), and whether imaging or serology testing was performed. A greater percentage of patients with Bell's palsy received steroid treatment within 72 hours of symptom onset after the CPG publication. However, providers continue to order imaging and labs which are not recommended by the CPG."

Adherence • Clinical guideline • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Lyme Disease • Otorhinolaryngology

Adherence to Bell's Palsy Clinical Practice Guidelines: A Nationwide Retrospective Analysis (AAO-HNSF 2025) - "Data collected included the administration of corticosteroids within 72 hours, the use of antivirals (valacyclovir or acyclovir), and whether imaging or serology testing was performed. A greater percentage of patients with Bell's palsy received steroid treatment within 72 hours of symptom onset after the CPG publication. However, providers continue to order imaging and labs which are not recommended by the CPG."

Adherence • Clinical guideline • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Lyme Disease • Otorhinolaryngology

Distribution of acyclovir in central nervous system compartments: a porcine pharmacokinetic model. (PubMed, Antimicrob Agents Chemother) - "However, the first dose may not reach therapeutic levels, suggesting that higher initial dosages or prolonged infusions should be considered. Further studies under inflammatory conditions are warranted to extrapolate these findings."

Journal • PK/PD data • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease

Mumps Encephalitis in a Measles Rubella (MR)-Vaccinated Child: A Rare but Preventable Complication. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Initial empirical antibiotics and acyclovir were discontinued following the diagnosis of mumps encephalitis...This case highlights the importance of considering mumps encephalitis in pediatric patients with mumps showing neurological symptoms. It also demonstrates the public health impact of omitting the mumps vaccine from India's UIP and the major role of the mumps, measles, and rubella (MMR) vaccination in preventing such complications."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Dystonia • Infectious Disease • Measles • Movement Disorders • Mumps • Pediatrics • Rubella

Health resource use and epidemiologic profile of herpes zoster outpatients aged 50 years or older: a modified Delphi consensus panel in Brazil. (PubMed, Braz J Infect Dis) - "Acyclovir (95 %) and valaciclovir (80 %) were the therapy of choice in the public and private systems, respectively. Pain management included dipyrone and codeine (63 %), pregabalin (58 %), and gabapentin (Neurontin) (48 %). Our results report significant healthcare resource utilization by elderly HZ patients in Brazil."

Journal • Herpes Zoster • Neuralgia • Ophthalmology • Pain • Varicella Zoster

Pediatric Rabies Due to a Feral Cat Bite in the Amazonas Region of Peru: First Rabies Case in a Decade. (PubMed, Sage Open Pediatr) - "Meningoencephalitis was suspected, and empiric therapy with ceftriaxone and vancomycin was started...Phenytoin, dexamethasone, mannitol, and acyclovir were started, and ceftriaxone was continued...Post-mortem brain direct immunofluorescence study confirmed human rabies. Awareness campaigns can be lifesaving since more than 99% of deaths can be prevented if timely treatment is provided."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain • Pediatrics

Prolonged acyclovir therapy for Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1-associated hepatitis in an immunocompetent man. (PubMed, IDCases) - "Clinical and biological resolution of hepatitis may be helpful in guiding the decision to discontinue antiviral therapy. This case highlights the importance of early molecular diagnosis in atypical presentations of HH and contributes to guiding management strategies, particularly regarding antiviral treatment duration."

Journal • Hepatology • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Failure

Varicella-zoster virus vasculopathy: a rare complication of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome: a literature review. (PubMed, Front Neurol) - "All 9 patients received acyclovir treatment, with 77.8% (7/9) combination with corticosteroids...Detection of VZV IgG antibodies and VZV DNA in the CSF has equal sensitivity. Antiviral combined with steroid therapy represents the optimal treatment approach."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • Hematological Disorders • Herpes Zoster • Ischemic stroke • Ophthalmology • Varicella Zoster

Posterior Reversible Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome and Disseminated Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection After Kidney Transplantation. (PubMed, IJU Case Rep) - "After conversion from tacrolimus to cyclosporine and antihypertensive therapy, symptoms improved...Treatment with acyclovir and reduction of immunosuppression led to full recovery without recurrence. This case highlights the importance of recognizing PRES and its triggers, including infections and CNIs, in kidney transplant recipients. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for preventing severe outcomes."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Herpes Zoster • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pain • Renal Disease • Transplantation • Varicella Zoster