abacavir/lamivudine / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Galactorrhea and Headache in an 18-Year-Old Transfeminine Youth: A Case Report (ESPE-ESE 2025) - "Medical History The patient was diagnosed with HIV at 15 years of age and has been on antiretroviral therapy (atazanavir, ritonavir, abacavir/lamivudine)...She has a history of PTSD due to sexual assault and MDD, managed with escitalopram (10 mg/day) and trazodone (50 mg/day as needed)...Later, she purchased 17β-estradiol and cyproterone acetate online, following advice from a senior acquaintance, and intermittently used intramuscular hormones advertised online, including estradiol benzoate (3 mg) and progesterone (50 mg)...Conclusion This case highlights the risks of self-prescribed hormone use in transfeminine youth, emphasizing the need for medical supervision to prevent endocrine complications. Accessible care and regular follow-up are crucial for safer outcomes."

Case report • Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pain • Post-traumatic Stress Disorder • CD4

Pharmacokinetics of Generic Pediatric Abacavir/Lamivudine Dispersible Tablets in Thai Young Children Living With HIV Weighing Below Twenty Kilograms. (PubMed, Pediatr Infect Dis J) - "Twenty-eight Thai children were enrolled and received ABC/3TC-DT plus pediatric dolutegravir-DT once daily. ABC and 3TC exposures were within target ranges across WBs. These data supported current ABC/3TC-DT WHO-weight band dosing guidance for young children in Thailand."

Journal • PK/PD data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Re-Examining InSTI Effects on Weight Gain Among Treatment-Naive People With HIV in North America (CROI 2025) - "Results Among 32,962 included individuals, median baseline age and BMI were 41 years and 25.4 kg/m2, respectively; 84% were male, and 45% were Black; 10,406 started an INSTI, 13,500 an NNRTI, and 9,056 a PI; and 72% initiated on TDF/FTC, 12% ABC/3TC, and 11% TAF/FTC. These findings suggest that the previously reported differences in weight gain between ART regimens may not be entirely explained by EFV's weight-suppressive effects or its coformulation with TDF. Additionally, other agents, such as non-EFV NNRTIs and EVG/c, may also have weight-suppressive properties."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Alternative Dosing of ABC/3TC Dispersible Tablets to Align With Dolutegravir Dosing in Neonates (CROI 2025) - "Methods The 'PETITE' study was a phase I/II, open-label, single arm, PK and safety trial of ABC/3TC-DT (120:60mg, double-scored) and lopinavir boosted with ritonavir (40:10 mg) granules in HIV-exposed term neonates in Tygerberg hospital, South Africa. Conclusions Giving 30/15 mg of ABC/3TC every 48 hours for the first 14 days of life; then daily was predicted to maintained target drug exposures comparable to young children. This dosing schedule should align with the proposed DTG regimen in term neonates during the first month of life."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

New developments in antiretroviral therapy strategies to improve clinical management of neonates and young infants with HIV. (PubMed, Curr Opin HIV AIDS) - "Studies are ongoing with regards to dolutegravir in various formulations. Long-acting antiretroviral therapy and broadly neutralizing antibodies are currently being studied in neonates and young infants. Addressing maternal clinical and psychosocial health and is a key factor in ensuring infants achieve viral suppression and decreased morbidity."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Efficacy and safety of switch to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide from dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine: Results from an open-label extension of a phase 3 randomized, double-blind, multicenter, active-controlled, non-inferiority study. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - P3 | "Switching to B/F/TAF from DTG/ABC/3TC was associated with continued high rates of virologic suppression up to week 168, with no treatment-emergent resistance. B/F/TAF was well tolerated throughout the study period."

Clinical • Head-to-Head • Journal • P3 data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Pharmacokinetics of Generic Pediatric Abacavir/Lamivudine Dispersible Tablets in Thai Young Children Living With HIV Weighing Below Twenty Kilograms. (PubMed, Pediatr Infect Dis J) - "Twenty-eight Thai children were enrolled and received ABC/3TC-DT plus pediatric dolutegravir-DT once daily. ABC and 3TC exposures were within target ranges across WBs. These data supported current ABC/3TC-DT WHO-weight band dosing guidance for young children in Thailand."

Journal • PK/PD data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

HIV-1 DNA Genotypic Drug Resistance Testing Guides Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients with Low-Level Viremia. (PubMed, AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses) - "The primary resistance mutations observed for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) were against abacavir, lamivudine, and emtricitabine. For non-NRTI, the primary DRMs were associated with efavirenz and nevirapine...The ART-unchanged case showed progressive treatment failure with drastic increase of plasma HIV-1 RNA and whole blood HIV-1 DNA. For patients with LLV, HIV-1 DNA genotypic drug resistance testing directed ART regimen considerations are highly recommended for achieving viral suppression."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

No impact of the M184I/V mutation on the efficacy of tenofovir or abacavir+lamivudine+doravirine in HIV treatment‐experienced people (HIV-Glasgow 2024) - "Baseline characteristics of the participants on tri-therapy according to the presence or not of M184V/I at baseline among switch participants (10 imputed datasets) M184V/I at baseline M184V/I at baseline Characteristic No (n = 293) n/N (%) or median (IQR) Yes (n = 45) n/N (%) or median (IQR) p-value Gender 0.3138 Male 191/293 (65.2) 33/45 (73.3) Female 102/293 (34.8) 12/45 (26.7) Viral subtype 0.5998 B 158/293 (53.9) 28/45 (62.2) CRF02 59/293 (20.2) 8/45 (17.8) Other non-B 76/293 (25.9) 9/45 (20.0) Nadir CD4 count (cells/mm3) 257 (130−409) 157 (42−318) 0.0246 CD4 count at baseline (cells/mm3) 620 (467−846) 616 (421−910) 0.9044 Doravirine co-treatment 0.5539 3TC+TDF 268/293 (91.5) 43/45 (95.6) 3TC+ABC 25/293 (8.5) 2/45 (4.4) GSS with doravirine (Stanford) 3.0 (3.0−3.0) 1.5 (1.0−2.0) <.0001 GSS with doravirine (ANRS) 3.0 (3.0−3.0) 2.0 (1.5−2.0) <.0001 Number of NNRTI mutations at baseline 0 (0−1) 1 (0−2) <.0001 Log zenith plasma HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/ml) 4.9..."

Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy in England in 2019‐2022: common regimens and treatment modifications (HIV-Glasgow 2024) - "Among pregnancies conceived on ART, most common (reported in >5%) first regimens were efavirenz (EFV) + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) + emtricitabine (FTC) (13.5% [267/1974]), rilpivirine (RPV) +TDF+FTC (11.6% [228/1974]), darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) +TDF+FTC (8.0% [158/1974]), dolutegravir (DTG) + lamivudine (3TC) + abacavir (ABC) (7.7% [152/1974]), and raltegravir (RAL) +TDF+FTC (6.4% [127/1974]). Where ART was initiated during pregnancy (55.7% [234/420] diagnosed antenatally), median gestational age at start was 15 weeks (IQR 12–19); most common first regimens were RAL+TDF+FTC (17.7% [75/423]), DRV/r+TDF+FTC (15.4% [65/423]), atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r) +TDF+FTC (12.5% [53/423]), DTG+3TC+ABC (9.2% [39/423]) and DTG+TDF+FTC (8.3% [35/423])...3TC, lamivudine; ABC, abacavir; ATV/c, atazanavir/cobicistat; ATV/r, atazanavir/ritonavir; BIC, bictegravir; DRV/c, darunavir/cobicistat; DRV/r, darunavir/ritonavir; DTG, dolutegravir; EFV, efavirenz; EVG/c,..."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

The experience of pregnancy in women living with HIV (WLWH) between 2000 and 2023: a single‐centre retrospective observational analysis (HIV-Glasgow 2024) - "About ART, 34 out of 80 pregnancies (42.5%) were on a PI-containing regimen, while nucleoside backbone combination was used in 17 subjects (16 on TDF/FTC vs. one on ABC/3TC). Among the 56 gestations from 2008, 21 were on INSTIs, with 81% on raltegravir, and 9.5% on dolutegravir (introduced upon the third trimester)... Our findings demonstrate that more women (21%) are diagnosed late in the 2017–2023 period; however, modern ART conferred excellent virological control, with all WLWH achieving viral suppression by first trimester and thus achieving zero MTCT."

Retrospective data • Hepatitis C • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Evolution of Self-reported Neuropsychiatric Symptoms After Switching from Dolutegravir/Abacavir/Lamivudine to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide: Results from the Randomized DOBINeuro Trial. (PubMed, Infect Dis Ther) - "Although limited by a low sample size, this study suggests neuropsychiatric tolerability may improve when switching virologically suppressed PLWH from DTG to BIC-based strategies."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Efficacy of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide versus dolutegravir-based three-drug regimens in people with HIV with varying adherence to antiretroviral therapy. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - P3 | "Participants with suboptimal (<85%) adherence to B/F/TAF maintained high levels of VS, whereas suboptimal DTG + 2 NRTI adherence was associated with lower VS."

Adherence • Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

What Leads to Acquired Perforating Dermatosis? (EADV 2024) - "His medical record includes HIV-1 with no history of AIDS-defining illnesses, treated with raltegravir 400 mg and abacavir lamivudine 600/300 mg, and CKD in dialysis...Topical steroids and pirfenidone were the indicated treatments... APD, a rare skin disease characterised by the elimination of dermal material through the epidermis, is associated with underlaying diseases like CKD and diabetes and less commonly with solid tumours, HIV, and lymphomas. Experts estimate the incidence at 2.53 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. APD starts as 2 – 10 mm hyperkeratotic papules that can turn into umbilicated papulonodules with a central keratotic plug on the hands and limbs."

Chronic Kidney Disease • Dermatology • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Hematological Malignancies • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Lymphoma • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Oncology • Pruritus • Renal Disease • Solid Tumor • CD4

Incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in antiretroviral therapy-naïve people with human immunodeficiency virus who start DTG/ABC/3TC compared to BIC/FTC/TAF at 48-week follow-up. (PubMed, Int J STD AIDS) - "There is a high incidence of NAFLD in PLWH who start a second generation INSTI at 48 weeks; baseline overweight, low HDL-cholesterol and FIB-4 >1.3 at 48 weeks of treatment were independent risk factors for NAFLD development."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Dyslipidemia • Hepatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Obesity

Ultra-Long-Term Delivery of Hydrophilic Drugs Using Injectable In Situ Cross-Linked Depots. (PubMed, bioRxiv) - "We demonstrated the versatility of ISCD by showcasing ultra-long-term delivery of several hydrophilic drugs, including antiretrovirals (tenofovir alafenamide, emtricitabine, abacavir, and lamivudine), antibiotics (vancomycin and amoxicillin) and an opioid antagonist naltrexone. Pharmacokinetic modeling predicted over six months of drug release in humans, significantly surpassing the one-month standard achievable for hydrophilic drugs with existing LAIs. The platform's biodegradability, retrievability, and biocompatibility further underscore its potential for improving treatment adherence in chronic conditions."

Journal

Raltegravir + Lamivudine/Abacavir in HIV/Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=10 | Completed | Sponsor: Central Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia | Unknown status ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis • CD4 • HLA-B

Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor-associated weight gain in people living with HIV: data from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) study. (PubMed, AIDS Care) - "Both tenofovir disoproxil/emtricitabine or lamivudine and abacavir /emtricitabine or lamivudine, but not tenofovir alafenamide /emtricitabine or lamivudine were associated with weight gain over two years (0.6 kg, p = 0.025; 1.0 kg, p = 0.005). Non-ART risk factors for gaining weight were low or normal BMI, age <40 years, underweight, inactivity or highly active at baseline.Tenofovir disoproxil and abacavir-based ART regimens were associated with a small weight gain. Third drug NNRTI, dolutegravir and atazanavir were associated with an increase in weight."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Population pharmacokinetics of Dolutegravir in African Children: results from the CHAPAS-4 trial. (PubMed, J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc) - "Co-administration with emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide reduced dolutegravir bioavailability by 19.6% (95%CI: 8.13-30.8%) compared to zidovudine or abacavir with lamivudine. Nevertheless, concentrations remained above efficacy targets, confirming current dosing recommendations."

Journal • PK/PD data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

High prevalence of transmitted and acquired drug resistance mutations among newly HIV diagnosed neonates and infants from Mozambique (AIDS 2024) - "Genotypic resistance testing (GRT) was performed by Sanger sequencing for nucleot(s)ide (NRTI) and non-nucleotide (NNRTI) reverse transcription inhibitors, protease inhibitors (PI), and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI). At delivery, 76.4% of MLWH were on a dolutegravir-based ART regimen, 22.1% were on an efavirenz-based regimen, and 1.2% were not on ART...After attaining one month of age and 3kg weight, infants were initiated on/transitioned to abacavir+lamivudine dispersible tabs, plus lopinavir/ritonavir syrup or granules, and in 29.7% of cases, lopinavir/ritonavir was later switched to dolutegravir... We observed high rates of transmitted DRMs against NNRTIs in infants born to MLWH, which may have affected the efficacy of PNP prior to HIV diagnosis and ART in neonates initiating nevirapine-based treatment. Maternally transmitted DRMs and acquired DRMs resulting from ART adherence challenges in neonates and infants, particularly DRMs against NRTIs, may be..."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in People living with HIV Starting ART with a Dolutegravir Based-Regimen vs Bictegravir Based-Regimen After 48 Weeks in Mexico (AIDS 2024) - "The aim of the study was to identify the incidence of MetS at 48 weeks for ATP III score in PLHIV who started antiretrovi­ral therapy (ART) with Dolutegravir based-regimen compared with Bictegravir based-regimen. A randomized open clinical trial was developed in men PLHIV who started ART randomized to BIC/FTC/TAF or DTG/3TC/ABC. This Mexican trial shows that the inciden­ce of MetS was similar in both groups. Second generation INSTI-based regimens were effective and tolerated in our population."

Dyslipidemia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Hypertriglyceridemia • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • CD4

Long-term effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of doravirine in antiretroviral-experienced people with HIV in real life. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "We evaluated the effectiveness of DOR plus two nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), mainly abacavir/lamivudine, and dual therapies in people with HIV (PWH), mostly virologically suppressed...Participants were grouped as follows: A, received DOR plus two NRTI; B, dual therapy (DT) with DOR plus dolutegravir (DTG) or darunavir/cobicistat (DRVc); C, DOR plus ≥two antiretroviral drugs...The combination of DOR plus ABV/3TC has shown even better safety and effectiveness than TFV/FTC. DOR plus two NRTI offers cost benefits compared to other regimens."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Availability and stock-outs of paediatric antiretroviral treatment formulations at health facilities in Kenya and Uganda. (PubMed, HIV Med) - "Recommended DTG-based first-line ART for children across all ages was reasonably available at health facilities in Kenya and Uganda, with the exception of Kenyan PNFP facilities. Availability of paediatric ART formulations on the limited-use list was extremely low across both countries. Stock-outs were reported regularly, with the high number of reported stock-outs of neonatal ART formulations in Uganda being most concerning."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Dolutegravir and Growth in Pediatric Populations With HIV-1: IMPAACT P1093 and IMPAACT 2019 (CROI 2024) - "We report body mass index (BMI)-based growth parameter changes in pediatric participants from 2 single-arm studies of DTG in IMPAACT 1093 (P1093) and DTG/abacavir/lamivudine in IMPAACT 2019, through 48 weeks of treatment.Separate descriptive post hoc analyses were performed for each study. Children and adolescents initiating DTG had a small overall increase in mean BAZ over 48 weeks in P1093 and IMPAACT 2019 and remained within mean BAZ >−1 to ≤1 at Week 48. Some participants with BAZ <−2 at baseline had a more marked increase in BAZ over 48 weeks of treatment, potentially suggesting a return to health."

Clinical • Genetic Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Obesity • Pediatrics

Emerging Integrase Resistance in the Perinatal Virtual Clinic: The Need for Protease Inhibitors (CROI 2024) - "15/17 were on second/subsequent ART (median 2 [IQR 2-3] prior regimens) comprising nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) with: dolutegravir (DTG) (7), raltegravir (4), DTG and darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) (4). One adolescent failed first line DTG/lamivudine (3TC)/abacavir (ABC) with E138K S147G Q148R N155H M184V (high-level DTG resistance (R)) after 5 years. A second suppressed on nevirapine/3TC/ABC for 11 years simplified to DTG/3TC/ABC but failed 4 years later with an R263RK (intermediate DTG-R)...INSTI resistance is emerging in CALWHIV, most commonly in highly treatment experienced individuals from L/MIC. This highlights the global need for access to DRV/r, TXF and novel classes, including formulations for children <35kg."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4