atovaquone / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Differential ex vivo susceptibility of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates from Ghana and Mali to current and lead discovery candidate antimalarial drugs. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "In Ghana, the susceptibility of the two species to most of the current antimalarial drugs was comparable, except for artemether, sulfadoxine, and atovaquone, for which the drugs were less potent against P. malariae than P. falciparum (7.12 vs 2.15 nM, 25.72 vs 7.86 nM, and 10.38 vs 2.51 nM, respectively). In Mali, quinine was significantly more potent against P. malariae than P. falciparum (18.35 and 26.84 nM), and tafenoquine was less potent against P. malariae than P. falciparum (5.50 and 2.85 nM). Among the candidate drugs, except INE963, whose inhibitory potency was comparable between both species, the other compounds significantly inhibited P. malariae more than P. falciparum...However, in Mali, chloroquine resistance appeared to have affected the suitability of quinine-based compounds for non-falciparum malaria treatment. Therefore, additional studies are required to establish the efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of P. malariae..."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Malaria

SURVIVING THE PERFECT STORM: A RARE CASE OF SEVERE BABESIOSIS COMPLICATED BY MULTIORGAN FAILURE (SCCM 2025) - "Ultimately, he received high dose atovaquone and azithromycin, which proved successful, in conjunction with doxycycline administrated to treat a confirmed coinfection with Lyme disease. In this instance, the patient's presentation mimicked a viral illness, resulting in a delayed diagnosis until the condition progressed to multi-organ failure attributed to babesiosis. This emphasizes the necessity for healthcare providers to maintain a high index of suspicion for tick-borne illnesses in patients presenting with compatible symptoms and relevant exposure history."

Clinical • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lyme Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pain • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombocytopenia

Atovaquone Inhibits ABCC1 and Decreases Camp Egress in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells (ATS 2025) - No abstract available

Asthma • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • ABCC1

Antibiotic Prophylaxis During Treatment of Anca-Associated Vasculitis with Rituximab: Data from a Canadian Multicenter Cohort (CRA-AHPA 2025) - "We stratified characteristics (at time of starting RTX induction or maintenance, as applicable) according to concurrent antibiotic prophylaxis (e.g. trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole [TMP-SMX], dapsone, atovaquone), and compared groups using 95% confidence interval (CI) for the differences in mean or proportion, or the Mann Whitney U test as applicable. In this Canadian cohort initiating RTX for induction or maintenance, 80% of the participants were taking antibiotic prophylaxis, which is higher than reported in other cohorts. During the induction and maintenance period, concurrent prednisone was associated with prophylaxis, as was higher disease activity during induction. Our results permit further understanding of Canadian patterns of antibiotic prophylaxis in AAV."

Clinical • ANCA Vasculitis • Rare Diseases • Vasculitis

PBPK-Led Assessment of Antimalarial Drug Concentrations in Breastmilk: A Strategy for Optimal Use of Prediction Methods to Guide Decision Making in an Understudied Population. (PubMed, CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol) - "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling was used to predict milk-to-plasma (M/P) ratios, infant daily doses (IDD) and relative infant doses (RID) for five antimalarials with clinical lactation data (chloroquine, pyrimethamine, piperaquine, mefloquine and primaquine)...RID was  10% for lumefantrine and tafenoquine. For atovaquone, RID was > 10% with Model 1 but not Model 2...These prediction methodologies can be used, alongside any licensed dosing information for < 1 year-olds, to evaluate whether a clinical lactation study is necessary and to inform drug label or policy recommendations. The ultimate goal is to better inform optimal treatment for lactating women supporting malaria eradication."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Malaria

A Unique Case of Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis in a Patient With Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Positive Vasculitis Presenting With Ocular and Cardiac Manifestations. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Cyclophosphamide-based treatment was initiated, in conjunction with glucocorticoids, mesna, and atovaquone. High suspicion for GPA with RPGN should be considered in the younger population who present with new-onset renal failure and pulmonary lesions to present irreversible kidney injury."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • ANCA Vasculitis • Glomerulonephritis • Immunology • Lupus Nephritis • Nephrology • Otorhinolaryngology • Pain • Pulmonary Disease • Rare Diseases • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Sinusitis • Vasculitis

Mitochondria-targeting of oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors to alleviate hypoxia and enhance anticancer treatment efficacy. (PubMed, Clin Cancer Res) - "Here, we review the limitations of the clinically tested OXPHOSi metformin, atovaquone, tamoxifen, BAY 87-2243 and IACS-010759 and the potential of mito-targeted OXPHOSi and their influence on ROS production. Furthermore, the effect of the mitochondria-targeting moiety TPP+ on mitochondria is discussed as this affects mitochondrial bioenergetics."

Journal • Oncology • Solid Tumor

RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF POST RENAL TRANSPLANT PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA (ISN-WCN 2025) - "All patients were treated with TMP-SMX, Dalacin except those who were G6PD deficient who received IV Pentamidine and Dalacin or had Sulfa allergy who received Primaquine and Dalacin. This study signifies the importance of universal TMP-SMX prophylaxis in all post kidney transplant patients as 80% of patients in this study who didn't receive prophylaxis ended up having PCP, and the need for administering an alternative prophylactic drug like Atovaquone or aerosolized Pentamidine or Dapsone in patients who cannot receive TMP-SMX, the only drawback being its difficult availability in India. CMV screening and prompt treatment is integral as it is found to be a risk factor in increasing morbidity and mortality in these patients."

Retrospective data • Cough • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Transplantation

A paradigmatic approach to the topological measure of babesiosis drugs and estimating physical properties via QSPR analysis. (PubMed, Heliyon) - "Mepron, azithromycin, clindamycin, imidocarb, triclosan and other medications are among them. The results demonstrate how well the QSPR experiments on applying regression technique are useful in development of novel drugs for babesiosis and predict the characteristics of babesiosis drugs. The usefulness of applying TIs in this situation is demonstrated by the linear regression model's minimum error and correct prediction of these attributes."

Journal • Pain

Atovaquone and Selinexor as a Novel Combination Treatment Option in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. (PubMed, Cancer Lett) - "Moreover, CD62L overexpression in a human AML cell line resulted in significantly prolonged survival in a xenograft mouse model. We propose that targeting the STAT3β/α ratio could be a promising new strategy for treating patients with AML and that the combination of selinexor and atovaquone could offer enhanced treatment outcomes."

Journal • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • SELL • STAT3

Efficacy and Safety of Antimalarial as Repurposing Drug for COVID-19 Following Retraction of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine. (PubMed, Clin Pharmacol) - "The results showed 3 antimalarial drugs, namely Quinine Sulfate (QS), Atovaquone (AQ), and Artemisinin-Piperaquine (AP), had gone through clinical trial to assess efficacy and safety against COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, the intervention group took 10.6 days, and the control group took 19.3 days (p=0.001). Based on this review, AP showed significant potential as a therapy in the fight against COVID-19."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases

A Self-Amplifying Photodynamic Biomedicine for Cascade Immune Activation Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. (PubMed, Small) - "Specifically, the approach targeted tumor delivery by employing specific agents such as the photosensitizer (verteporfin), the hypoxic ameliorator (atovaquone), and the cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 (COX-2/PGE2) signaling blocker (celecoxib). Notably, the self-amplifying photodynamic biomedicine significantly inhibited primary tumors, distal tumors, lung metastases, and post-operative recurrence while maintaining high biocompatibility. To sum up, the work provides a viable cascade stimulation approach and an efficient biomedical nanoplatform, offering a novel strategy for photodynamic immunotherapy of TNBC in the clinic."

Journal • Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Triple Negative Breast Cancer

A case of corneal opacity caused by atovaquone administration. (PubMed, Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep) - "Atovaquone is an alternative drug that is used for the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia when the first-line drug, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (ST combination), cannot be used due to side effects. We encountered a rare case of bilateral corneal opacity resulting from oral atovaquone administration. Regular long-term ophthalmological examinations are necessary for patients taking atovaquone."

Journal • Aplastic Anemia • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Ophthalmology • Pediatrics • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Secondary to Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "She was diagnosed with toxic hepatitis and hematologic toxicity secondary to ART and cotrimoxazole, and both therapies were discontinued, switching prophylaxis to atovaquone. During hospitalization, she maintained a fever despite empirical antibiotic therapy with piperacillin/tazobactam and worsening pancytopenia...Diagnosed with HLH secondary to VL, she received treatment with liposomal amphotericin B, with clinical and analytical improvement. Given the rarity of this entity, its diagnosis and treatment can represent real challenges in clinical practice. Early diagnosis reduces morbidity and mortality."

Journal • Cholestasis • Hematological Disorders • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Hepatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pneumonia • Rare Diseases • Respiratory Diseases

Comparative efficacy and safety of treatment regimens for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in people living with HIV - A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (PubMed, Clin Microbiol Infect) - "We conclude that TMP-SMX should be reassessed as the stand-alone first-line therapy for PCP in PWH, given the better tolerability and comparable efficacy of other treatments. In places with access to alternative drugs for PCP treatment, our analysis suggests that alternative regimens may offer comparable effectiveness, providing flexibility to use alternative treatments when comorbidities necessitate it."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • CD4

Synergistic Effects of Anti-echinococcosis Drug Candidates Combined With Atovaquone in Culture Assays and Mice With Primary Infections of Echinococcus multilocularis. (PubMed, Cureus) - "In this study, we investigated whether ATV exhibits a synergistic effect when used in combination with other anti-echinococcal drug candidates, including mefloquine (MF), 3-bromopyruvic acid (3BP), crocin, and verapamil (Ver), thereby enhancing their antiparasitic effectiveness...The anti-echinococcal effectiveness of the combination of ATV and 3BP was also evaluated by treating mice with E. multilocularis primary infection for eight weeks (Experiment B) and comparing the effects on cyst growth to those of albendazole (ABZ)...In mice experimentally treated with primary hydatid cysts, co-administration of ATV and 3BP showed a significant preventive effect against infection and demonstrated therapeutic efficacy comparable to that of ABZ. These findings are anticipated to contribute to the development of more effective therapeutic agents for AE."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease

Efficacy of azithromycin combined with compounded atovaquone in treating babesiosis in giant pandas. (PubMed, Parasit Vectors) - "Our study suggested that atovaquone and azithromycin combination therapy is highly effective for emergency treatment of Babesia sp. infection in giant pandas."

Journal • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Thrombocytopenia

Evaluation of the Incidence of Nocardia Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients on Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Opportunistic Infection Prophylaxis. (PubMed, Ann Pharmacother) - "TMP-SMX was the most commonly used initial prophylactic agent (84.6%), followed by atovaquone (15.4%). If possible, patients who are switched to an alternative agent due to TMP-SMX intolerance should be re-challenged when the adverse effect resolves. Most patients in our study were able to tolerate re-initiation, suggesting that the adverse effects associated with TMP-SMX may be temporary and may not warrant discontinuation."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Organ Transplantation • Transplantation

Tumor-Targeted Metal-Organic Framework for Improved Photodynamic Therapy and Inhibited Tumor Metastasis in Melanoma. (PubMed, ACS Appl Mater Interfaces) - "In this study, we synthesized positively charged nanoparticles through a self-assembly method, incorporating photosensitizer verteporfin (VER), mitochondrial respiratory inhibitor atovaquone (ATO), and Fe3+. Following intravenous administration, HAFV NPs preferentially accumulated in tumor tissues with minimal accumulation in the skin, demonstrating favorable biocompatibility in vivo. Furthermore, HAFV NPs effectively inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis, which presents a promising strategy for melanoma treatment."

Journal • Melanoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Rates of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Versus Alternative Pneumocystis Prophylaxis Agents in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (ASH 2024) - "Atovaquone was the most prescribed alternative agent (n=114; 66%). Use of second- and third-line agents for PJP prophylaxis may provide gaps in antimicrobial coverage. Further data are needed as to whether TMP-SMX may be safely reintroduced in patients who have had the drug discontinued for non-allergy indications, in order to provide optimal PJP prophylaxis for patients who have undergone HSCT."

Clinical • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Dermatology • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Lymphoma • Multiple Myeloma • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Oncology • Pneumonia • Pruritus • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation

Long Term Follow up of a Child with a Rare Hemoglobinopathy: Hemoglobin Little Venice (ASH 2024) - "At 14, she was treated for asymptomatic babesiosis with atovaquone and azithromycin.At present, she continues to require regular transfusions every 4 weeks due to severe hemolytic anemia and has significant thrombocytosis along with leukocytosis and nucleated red blood cells. She has significant transfusion-associated hemosiderosis and receives double chelation with deferasirox and deferiprone with marked history of noncompliance...At present, little is known regarding treatment choices for this rare hemoglobinopathy therefore, we will continue chronic blood transfusions and encourage compliance with iron chelation. A similar variant affecting the same codon, Hb Hammersmith [β42 Phe→Ser, HBB : c.128T>C] has comparatively more data in the literature which may offer some general guidance."

Clinical • Anemia • Gastroenterology • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Thrombocytopenia • Thrombocytosis

Incidental identification of neonatal babesiosis: a case report. (PubMed, BMC Pediatr) - "This unusual case highlights the importance of including neonatal babesiosis in the differential diagnosis for neonatal sepsis in endemic regions, including careful review of maternal antenatal exposure history and labs, and consideration of peripheral blood smear in suggestive cases."

Journal • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock • Thrombocytopenia

Alternative Pneumocystis Pneumonia Prophylaxis in Solid Organ Transplants. (PubMed, Transpl Infect Dis) - "Alternative PJP prophylaxis carries risk of breakthrough infection and barriers to initiation. Since most recovered from adverse effects of TMP-SMX and tolerated resumption, providers should re-trial TMP-SMX when feasible."

Journal • Allergy • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Leukopenia • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Organ Transplantation • Transplantation

Apigeninidin chloride disrupts Toxoplasma gondii Mitochondrial membrane potential and induce reactive oxygen species and metabolites production. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "Using atovaquone (Atov) as a control, we observed that it disrupted intracellular tachyzoites' mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ROS and MitoSOX production, and altered metabolite and lipid production similar to what was observed with our experimental compound APi. Overall, our results indicated that APi targets T. gondii tachyzoite growth through inducing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and eventually parasite death."

Journal • Metabolic Disorders

Hybrid Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Synergizing Sonodynamic Therapy and Immunotherapy against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. (PubMed, Adv Healthc Mater) - "The nanoparticles are loaded with semiconducting polymers (PFODBT), Atovaquone (ATO), and TMP195 to enhance biocompatibility, targeting ability, and drug uptake and retention at the tumor site...Moreover, the in vivo immune responses are further activated by improving the maturation of dendritic cells, filtration of CD8+ T cells, and depletion of regulatory T cells. This study offers a novel strategy for TNBC therapy by converting the tumor microenvironment from the "cold" into "hot" tumor through multiple synergistic therapies."

Journal • Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Triple Negative Breast Cancer • CD8