aminophylline / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Oxygen uptake in human donor corneas: the centripetal gradient and its changes in culture and correlation with wounds and aminophylline treatment. (PubMed, bioRxiv) - "We conclude that the centripetal pattern of O 2 U is conserved across species and in the human cornea. Combined, our results suggest the functional and clinical significance of the mesoscopic metabolism pattern for further study and the use of aminophylline as a therapeutic agent to increase O 2 U and enhance corneal wound healing."

Journal

Microneedle-assisted iontophoretic transdermal administration of adrenergic antagonists does not modulate palmar sweating induced by static exercise in healthy young adults. (PubMed, Auton Neurosci) - "The efficacy of terazosin and propranolol on the palm was assessed by administering α- and β-adrenergic agonists (phenylephrine and salbutamol combined with aminophylline, respectively) in follow-up studies, whereas bretylium efficacy was verified by evaluating cold-induced palmar cutaneous vasoconstriction. The bretylium administration effectively abolished cold-induced cutaneous vasoconstriction (P = 0.006). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that transdermal administration of bretylium, terazosin, and propranolol does not alter palmar sweating induced by IKE exercise, implying the absence of adrenergic modulation."

Journal

Protective role of salbutamol against aminophylline-induced arrhythmias in an hPSC-based cardiac model (ERS 2025) - No abstract available

Cardiovascular

Intravenous Bronchodilators in Pediatric Critical Asthma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. (PubMed, Pediatr Pulmonol) - "In this network meta-analysis comparing different IV adjunct bronchodilators, IV MgSO4 was ranked first followed by IV SABA, and then IV methylxanthines. Given these findings and the favorable safety profile, ease of use, and low cost, IV MgSO4 appears most promising the first adjunct IV bronchodilator, however, further large high-quality trials are still needed before it can be endorsed as routine first-line agent."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Asthma • Critical care • Immunology • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Trends and predictors of in-hospital survival among asphyxiated neonates admitted at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Northern Tanzania: Retrospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, Sage Open Pediatr) - "Antenatal care (ANC) stages (AHR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.62-0.89), gestation age (AHR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.76-0.86), birth weight (AHR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.12-1.26), mode of delivery (AHR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.60-1.78), Aminophylline (AHR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.52-1.60), oxygen (AHR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.23-1.42), resuscitation (AHR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.24-1.42) and HIE(AHR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.79-1.91) were all independent significant predictors of survival. There is a need for health professionals to remain vigilant and promptly assess and stabilize the airway, breathing, and circulation, initiate resuscitation, provide oxygen, administer medications such as aminophylline to neonates who are diagnosed with birth asphyxia."

Journal • Retrospective data

Heart Rhythm Changes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiopulmonary Bypass: a Retrospective Analysis (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=106 | Completed | Sponsor: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuwai Hospital | Not yet recruiting ➔ Completed | Trial completion date: Sep 2026 ➔ May 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2026 ➔ Jan 2025

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular

Use of intravenous aminophylline in addition to the standard first-line treatment in children and adolescents with an acute asthma exacerbation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. (PubMed, Arch Dis Child) - "This review showed limited evidence of the benefit of intravenous aminophylline in managing asthma in most preventilation severity parameters. However, lowering the intubation rate and improving lung function deserve more attention."

Journal • Retrospective data • Asthma • Critical care • Immunology • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Second-line treatment option for children aged 18 years and under with an acute severe asthma exacerbation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. (PubMed, Arch Dis Child) - "There is low-to-very-low certainty evidence demonstrating the superiority of any intravenous second-line treatment options for acute asthma."

Journal • Retrospective data • Asthma • Immunology • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Use of Prophylactic Methylxanthines to Prevent Extubation Failure in Preterm Neonates with a Birth Weight of 1250-2499 g: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "Extubation failure within 7 days occurred in 10 (10.4%) and 13 (13.5%) neonates in the methylxanthine (n = 96) and non-methylxanthine (n = 96) groups, respectively, with a risk difference (95% CI) of -0.03 (-0.12 to 0.06), p = 0.50, and hazard ratio (95% CI) of 0.76 (0.33 to 1.72), p = 0.51. In the current era with new non-invasive ventilation approaches, extubation failure in preterm neonates with a BW of 1250-2499 g is not significantly affected by the use of methylxanthine."

Journal • Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia • CNS Disorders • Critical care • Developmental Disorders • Psychiatry • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Intra-ureteric Aminophylline Instillation on Flexible Ureteroscopy Procedure (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=129 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Ain Shams University | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Renal Calculi

ELEAR-PAP: Timing of Aminophylline and Recovery in Pediatric Ambulatory Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=60 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Hany Mohammed El-Hadi Shoukat Mohammed

New P3 trial • Anesthesia • Pediatrics

Challenging use of anesthetics in the treatment of refractory bronchospasm in a patient with intracranial hemorrhage (Euroanaesthesia 2025) - "If bronchospasm is refractory to standard treatment, additional therapeutic options include intravenous salbutamol, magnesium and aminophylline, paralysis, mucolytics, ketamine, inhalational anesthetic agents, heliox, and ECMO1. The use of ketamine, whose effect on intracranial pressure remains unclear, is a potential alternative2. The use of sevoflurane, which may increase intracranial pressure, can be challenging; however, we found it to be feasible and safe when intracranial pressure is carefully monitored."

Clinical • Anesthesia • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

How hard is to ventilate a miner, lesson learned: case report (Euroanaesthesia 2025) - "Therapy with corticosteroids, aminophylline, MgSO4, spray salbutamol and deepening of anesthesia didn't improve his condition...Pulmonary prehabilitation measures optimize the patient for anesthesia. When it is possible, regional anesthesia is preferred, but when general is the only option restrictive fluid strategy and pressure controlled ventilation are facilitating perioperative management."

Case report • Clinical • Anesthesia • Cardiovascular • Fibrosis • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Immunology • Oncology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Characteristics and Outcomes of Paediatric Patients With Severe Acute Asthma in Retrieval. (PubMed, J Paediatr Child Health) - "Contemporary severe acute asthma management frequently includes adjunct aminophylline and non-invasive ventilation. Clinical outcomes were overall good with short intensive care and hospital stays, low mortality rates, and infrequent complications. Children with pre-existing asthma diagnosis, preventer prescription, or prior PICU admission for asthma were more likely to require PICU care."

Journal • Asthma • Critical care • Immunology • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Reversal of Complete Heart Block With Aminophylline in Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction Patients (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=0 | Withdrawn | Sponsor: National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pakistan | N=73 ➔ 0 | Trial completion date: Jun 2023 ➔ Jan 2025 | Not yet recruiting ➔ Withdrawn

Enrollment change • Trial completion date • Trial withdrawal • Cardiovascular • Myocardial Infarction

Shenqi Buzhong Formula ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by activating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway (PubMed, Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao) - "SQBZ Formula ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction in COPD rats possibly by activating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway."

Journal • Preclinical • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Shock- No Cap (ATS 2025) - "Despite aggressive pressor support, fluids, albumin, hydroxocobalamin, methylene blue and steroids, he remained hypotensive. Many cases involve the presence of paraproteinemia and preceding flu-like illness which plays an unknown role in the disease. There is no definitive treatment for it although case reports have shown improvement with IVIG and terbutaline/aminophylline after fluid resuscitation during the acute phase."

Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Metabolic Disorders • Monoclonal Gammopathy • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pain • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Reduction In Copd Exacerbations Following Initiation Of Benralizumab Among Patients With Asthma And Concomitant Copd: Results From The Zephyr-5 Study (ATS 2025) - "COPD exacerbations were assessed during the baseline and follow-up periods, and were classified as either 1) moderate, defined as an outpatient COPD visit accompanied by a filled prescription for a course of theophylline, aminophylline, or an oral corticosteroid or oral antibiotic within 7 days of the outpatient visit, or 2) severe, defined as a COPD or related respiratory hospitalization. Patients with severe asthma and concomitant COPD treated with benralizumab demonstrated meaningful reductions in the rate of COPD exacerbations, inclusive of severe events, in a real-world setting. The largest reductions were observed among patients with the highest eosinophil levels."

Clinical • Asthma • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Respiratory Diseases

A novel antibacterial hydrogel containing aminophylline as a versatile platform for neural differentiation of hWJMSCs through the CREB pathway. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "The neural differentiation of human WJMSCs seeded on surface hydrogels was confirmed by evaluating specific neural markers at both protein and gene levels. In conclusion, the new antibacterial gel-based hydrogel can support the release of AMP and after further evaluation, can be introduced as a new candidate for neural repair applications."

Journal

Neurotoxicity in Pediatric ALL: Methotrexate-Associated Risk Factors, Management, and Outcomes (ASPHO 2025) - "All received Leucovorin and Dextromethorphan, with aminophylline (10%) or antiepileptic therapy (30%) added for severe cases... Our findings highlight the diverse neurotoxic presentations of methotrexate in high-risk B-cell ALL patients, with symptoms typically emerging within a week of administration, with 40% in interim maintenance I and given with high-dose MTX. Early intervention with Leucovorin and Dextromethorphan, supplemented by additional therapies for severe cases, was effective in symptom resolution. Future lumbar punctures with IT Cytarabine and Hydrocortisone may mitigate recurrent neurotoxicity; however, due to a 10% rate of CNS relapse, we revisited our practice and are opting for future IT dosing strategies to re-challenge with IT methotrexate."

Clinical • Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Hematological Malignancies • Hepatology • Leukemia • Mucositis • Oncology • Pediatrics

AARC and PALISI Clinical Practice Guideline: Pediatric Critical Asthma. (PubMed, Respir Care) - "We suggest the use of either dexamethasone or methylprednisolone (or an equivalent dose of prednisone/prednisolone) for children treated for critical asthma...We suggest the use of a dedicated protocol or pathway for managing children treated for critical asthma. (Conditional recommendation, low certainty of evidence)."

Clinical guideline • Journal • Asthma • Immunology • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Assessing Tocolytic Potency: Variability and Accuracy of AUC Versus Amplitude-Based Assessment of Pregnant Human Myometrial Contractions Ex Vivo. (PubMed, Reprod Sci) - "To do this, pregnant human myometrial strips (term, not-in-labor) were treated with cumulative concentrations of the contraction-blocking agents, nifedipine (NIF), indomethacin (IND), 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), glycyl-h-1152 (GH), aminophylline (AMP), or rolipram (ROL)). Our experimental data indicate that when determining tocolytic potency, assessment of ex vivo contraction traces via AUC is more accurate and consistent than assessment via amplitude alone. Our study finds that whilst tocolytics that increase contraction frequency (while decreasing amplitude) can be assessed by either AUC or amplitude-based determination, tocolytics that either significantly reduce or largely do not affect contraction frequency should only be analyzed via AUC."

Journal • Preclinical

Noninvasive Respiratory Support for Pediatric Critical Asthma and Urine Albuterol Levels: A Prospective Cohort Study (PAS 2025) - "No differences were detected among the NRS-interface cohorts (BiPAP, HFNC, and SM) in regard to age, weight, demographics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute chronic asthma severity, admission Pediatric Asthma Severity Score, frequency of adjunct asthma interventions (i.e., ketamine, terbutaline, aminophylline, magnesium, epinephrine, and heliox), systemic corticosteroids, mean albuterol dose (15.1±4.2 mg vs 13.3±2.9 mg vs 16.7±3.8 mg), mean continuous albuterol duration (1.8±1.2 days vs 0.9±0.6 days vs 1.1±0.9 days), mean length of stay (4.4±2.1 days vs 2.5±0.7 days vs 2.6±1.9 days), or frequency of mortality, pneumothorax, or invasive ventilation. Of 55 children studied during an interim analysis, continuous albuterol was administered to 18 (32.7%) via BiPAP, 3 (5.5%) via HFNC, and 34 (61.8%) via SM. For the BiPAP group, mean inspiratory PAP was 13.4±2.6 cmH2O and expiratory PAP was 6.9±1.4 cmH2O. For the..."

Clinical • Non-invasive • Asthma • Immunology • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases

Risk factors associated with escalation of care in hospitalized patients with asthma (PAS 2025) - "Our primary outcome was EOT, defined as transfer to the ICU, respiratory support or need for adjunctive therapy including epinephrine, terbutaline, aminophylline, theophylline, Heliox, magnesium sulfate or methylprednisolone after first day of admission. A total of 91,121 encounters and 70,049 patients were included with 15,796 (17.34%) encounters requiring EOT (Table 1). In the adjusted model (Table 2), males compared to females and spring compared to summer admissions had lower odds of EOT (aOR=0.92 p< 0.001; aOR=0.93 [0.87, 0.98], respectively). Each additional year of age (aOR 1.04 [1.03, 1.04] p < 0.001) and having at least 1 CCC increased odds of EOT."

Clinical • Asthma • Immunology • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases

Exploring the Combined Use of Terbutaline/Aminophylline for Management of Pediatric Status Asthmaticus: A Single Center Retrospective Chart Review (PAS 2025) - "Those included were compared to a matched control group. Ongoing quantitative data analysis including logistic regression is occurring."

Retrospective data • Review • Asthma • Immunology • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases